Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance, Volume 2 (Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance)

361 Pages·2000·1.92 MB·English

by  J.T. Ulmer

SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME, LAW AND
DEVIANCE
SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME, LAW AND
DEVIANCE
Series Editor: Jeffery T. Ulmer
SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME, LAW AND DEVIANCE VOLUME 2
SOCIOLOGY OF
CRIME, LAW AND
DEVIANCE
EDITED BY
JEFFERY T. ULMER
Crime, Law, and Justice Program: Department of Sociology,
Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: ROBERT V. GRANTHAM
2000
JAI
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First edition 2000
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CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS vii
PREFACE ix
THANKS TO REVIEWERS xiii
QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF SANCTIONS, CRIME, AND
FEAR
WHEN DOES RACE MATTER? AN ANALYSIS OF
CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH RACE AFFECTS SENTENCE
SEVERITY
Cassia Spohn and Miriam DeLone 3
IMPLICATIONS OF GHETTO-RELATED BEHAVIOR FOR A
COMMUNITY AND CRIME MODEL: DEFINING THE
PROCESS OF CULTURAL ATTENUATION
Barbara D. Warner and Pamela Wilcox Rountree 39
POLICING, CULTURE, AND FEAR OF CRIME IN THE
KOREAN AMERICAN COMMUNITY
Min Sik Lee 63
ETHNOGRAPHIES OF LEGAL AND SOCIAL CONTROL
ORGANIZATIONS
MARKETS FOR LEGAL SERVICES AND THE RISE OF
FRANCHISE LAW FIRMS
Jerry L. Van Hoy 91
TRANSFORMATION OF THE ORAL TRADITION OF THE
POLICE SUBCULTURE THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION
OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Albert J. Meehan 107
v
vi
A DUTY TO KILL: AN OCCUPATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
FROM THE FRONT LINES OF A KILLING INSTITUTION
Elizabeth McLin 133
DISCURSIVE ANALYSES OF LEGAL AND SOCIAL CONTROL
PROCESSES
LEGITIMATING MURDER? AN ANALYSIS OF
NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF VIOLENCE AT ABORTION
CLINICS
Morgan Blake Ward Doran and Gray Cavender 169
READING PRISONS: A METAPHORIC-ORGANIZATIONAL
APPROACH
Bruce A. Arrigo and Christopher Williams 191
IMPEACHMENT WORK IN THE MENENDEZ BROTHERS’
MURDER TRIAL: THE INTERACTIONAL ACHIEVEMENT
OF FACTICITY, CREDIBILITY, AND ACCOUNTABILITY
Stacy Burns 233
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THEORY DEVELOPMENT
DEFICIENCIES IN THE SOCIOLOGY OF SEX WORK
Ronald Weitzer 259
CRIME IN HIGH PLACES: A CRIMINOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE ON THE CLINTON CASE
David O. Friedrichs 281
BEYOND BLACK AND WHITE: ETHNOVIOLENCE
BETWEEN OPPRESSED GROUPS
Barbara Perry 301
EXPLAINING VIOLENCE, SUBSTANCE ABUSE, AND
PERSISTENT VIOLENCE AMONG MEN: ELABORATING A
SIDE-BY-SIDE INTEGRATIVE MODEL OF FOUR
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
Rebecca S. Katz 325
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Bruce A. Arrigo Institute of Psychology, Law, and Public
Policy, California School of Professional
Psychology-Fresno, 5130 E. Clinton Way,
Fresno, CA 93727, USA
Stacy Burns 20523 Wells Drive, Woodland Hills, CA
91364, USA
Gray Cavender School of Justice Studies, Arizona State
University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
Miriam DeLone Department of Criminal Justice, University of
Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
Morgan Blake Ward Human Development and Social Policy,
Doran Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois,
USA
David O. Friedrichs Department of Sociology/Criminal Justice,
University of Scranton,
Scranton, PA 18510-4605, USA
Rebecca S. Katz Assistant Professor, Department of
Sociology, Rader Hall 347, Morehead State
University, Morehead, Kentucky 40353, USA
Min Sik Lee Division of International Criminal Justice and
International Relations, Korean Institute of
Criminology, 142 Woomyun-Dong,
Sochu-Gu, Seoul 137-715, South Korea.
Elizabeth McLin 818 Eighth Street, West Vancouver,
BC V7L 1S2, Canada
Albert J. Meehan Department of Sociology and Anthropology,
Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
vii
viii
Barbara Perry Department of Criminal Justice, Northern
Arizona University, P.O. Box 15005,
Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
Pamela Wilcox Rountree Department of Sociology, Patterson Office
Tower, University of Kentucky, Lexington,
Kentucky 40506, USA
Cassia Spohn Department of Criminal Justice, University of
Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
Jerry Van Hoy Department of Sociology and Anthropology,
Purdue University, 1365 Stone Hall, West
Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Barbara D. Warner Department of Criminal Justice and Policing,
467 Stratton Hall, Eastern Kentucky
University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475-3131,
USA
Ronald Weitzer Department of Sociology, George
Washington University, Washington,
DC20052, USA
Christopher Williams Institute of Psychology, Law, and Public
Policy, California School of Professional
Psychology-Fresno, 5130 E. Clinton Way,
Fresno, CA 93727, USA
PREFACE
I am very proud to bring you Volume 2 of Sociology of Crime, Law, and
Deviance. Not only does it include thirteen high quality contributions, but
these contributions represent a wide variety of substantive topics,
methodological approaches, and theoretical developments. As I described
in my preface for Volume 1, I see such diversity as a strength, and I want
the series to showcase excellent work that represents such diversity.
The volume is organized into four thematic sections. The first section
presents three quantitative studies of prominent criminological issues:
criminal sentencing, communities and crime, and fear of crime. Cassia
Spohn and Miriam DeLone contribute to the literature on courts and
sentencing, extending Spohn’s other work (Spohn 1995; Spohn and
Holleran 2000) and other studies (Steffensmeier, Ulmer & Kramer 1998)
empirically demonstrating the conditional nature of the influence of race
and other extra-legal factors in criminal sentencing decisions. Barbara
Warner and Pamela Wilcox Rountree articulate a exciting and provocative
new theoretical model for research on community social organization,
community-level culture, and crime – the cultural attenuation model.
They then empirically test – and find substantial support for – the cultural
attenuation model. Third, Min Sik Lee presents a very unique investiga-
tion of fear of crime among a population not often studied by
criminologists, Korean Americans. Lee applies and extends Ferraro’s
(1995) symbolic interactionist-based risk assessment model of fear, and
uses it to investigate whether potentially problematic relations with police
in the Korean American community may exacerbate fear of crime.
Next, three excellent ethnographies examine legal and formal social
control institutions. The first two ethnographies describe key transforma-
tions in law and policing. Jerry Van Hoy combines insights from the
sociology of work and professions with a political economy perspective to
illuminate the transformation of the status and work of lawyers near the
bottom of the legal profession – in particular, those in large ‘McDonal-
dized’ franchise law firms. Albert J. Meehan, one of the most careful and
insightful ethnographers of policing in American sociology, brings us an
examination of how the proliferation of information technologies
transforms the police subculture. Then, Elizabeth McLin’s unique and
ix