Table Of Content“Insightful, timely and original, Social Movements against Wind Power in 
Canada and Germany examines the question of why anti-wind movements have 
had variable success.  By comparing two critical subnational cases, the book 
draws attention to the importance of discursive energy space in shaping move 
ment strategy and reception. It offers important lessons for scholars of social 
movements and energy politics, as well as for activists and engaged citizens”. 
Jennifer Hadden, Associate Professor, Department of Government and Politics, 
University of Maryland, USA, Author of Networks in Contention 
“An essential guide to understanding the role of discursive and institutional 
factors in the genesis of anti-wind power movements in Germany and Canada 
that draws clear lessons for those who want to accelerate the transition to low 
carbon energy”. 
James Meadowcroft, Professor, School of Public Policy and Administration and 
Department of Political Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada 
“Both Canada and Germany are facing opposition to the building of large-scale 
renewable energy systems yet with different force and impact. Examining how 
“discursive energy spaces” can influence the development of renewable energy 
conflicts, this fascinating book explains why anti-wind park movements in 
Germany have been less successful than in Canada. The book’s findings have 
implications for energy transitions taking place around the world, making it a 
valuable resource for academics, students, and practitioners alike”. 
Miranda A. Schreurs, Professor of Environment and Climate Policy, Technical 
University of Munich, Germany 
“A useful conceptualization of the effects of context on power relations and the 
practical implications for the study of contentious politics”. 
John Gaventa, Professor, Research Director at the Institute of Development 
Studies, UK 
“Wind energy is vital for decarbonizing electricity. This book offers a highly 
valuable cross-national comparison of how social movements mobilize against it. 
The end goal of such analysis is not to abandon or reject wind energy, but to 
make it more equitable. The book offers insightful analysis of how context 
matters for achieving a fairer low-carbon future”. 
Benjamin K. Sovacool, Professor of Energy Policy at Sussex University, UK, and 
author of Visions of Energy Futures and Energy Security, Equality and Justice
Social Movements against Wind 
 
Power in Canada and Germany
 
Taking a comparative case study approach between Canada and Germany, this 
book  investigates  the  contrasting  response  of  governments  to  anti-wind 
movements. 
Environmental social movements have been critical players for encouraging 
the shift towards increased use of renewable energy. However, social move 
ments mobilizing against the installation of wind turbines have now become a 
major obstacle to their increased deployment. Andrea Bues draws on a cross-
Atlantic comparative analysis to investigate the different contexts of contentious 
energy policy. Focusing on two sub-national forerunner regions in installed wind 
power capacity – Brandenburg and Ontario – Bues draws on social movement 
theory to explore the concept of discursive energy space and propose explana 
tions as to why governments respond differently to social movements. Overall, 
Social Movements against Wind Power in Canada and Germany offers a novel 
conceptualization of discursive-institutional contexts of contentious energy pol 
itics and helps better understand protest against renewable energy policy. 
This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of renewable 
energy  policy,  sustainability  and  climate  change  politics,  social  movement 
studies and environmental sociology. 
Andrea Bues is a research analyst at the German Advisory Council on the 
Environment and is based at the Potsdam-Institute for Climate Impact Research. 
She holds a PhD in political science from Freie Universität Berlin and has been 
working on land use conflicts and energy transitions.
Routledge Studies in Energy Policy 
Guanxi and Local Green Development in China 
The Role of Entrepreneurs and Local Leaders 
Chunhong Sheng 
Energy Policies and Climate Change in China 
Actors, Implementation and Future Prospects 
Han Lin 
Energy Efficiency in Developing Countries 
Policies and Programmes 
Suzana Tavares da Silva and Gabriela Prata Dias 
Ethics in Danish Energy Policy 
Edited by Finn Arler, Mogens Rüdiger, Karl Sperling, Kristian Høyer Toft and 
Bo Poulsen 
Mainstreaming Solar Energy in Small, Tropical Islands 
Cultural and Policy Implications 
Kiron C. Neale 
Appraising the Economics of Smart Meters 
Costs and Benefits 
Jacopo Torriti 
Wind Power and Public Engagement 
Co-operatives and Community Ownership 
Giuseppe Pellegrini-Masini 
Social Movements against Wind Power in Canada and Germany 
Energy Policy and Contention 
Andrea Bues 
For further details please visit the series page on the Routledge website: www. 
routledge.com/books/series/RSIEP/
Social Movements against 
Wind Power in Canada and 
Germany 
Energy Policy and Contention 
Andrea Bues
First published 2020 
by Routledge 
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 
and by Routledge 
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business 
© 2020 Andrea Bues 
The right of Andrea Bues to be identified as author of this work has been 
asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, 
Designs and Patents Act 1988. 
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data 
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library 
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 
A catalog record has been requested for this book 
ISBN: 978-0-367-43955-2 (hbk) 
ISBN: 978-1-003-00670-1 (ebk) 
Typeset in Times New Roman 
by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear
Dedication – To C.P.
Contents
 
List of illustrations  x
 
Acknowledgments  xi
 
List of acronyms and technical terms  xiii
 
1	  Introduction: renewable energy politics and protest 	 1
 
2	  Contentious wind energy and context 	 14
 
3	  Renewable energy policy and politics in Canada and 
 
Germany  44
 
4	  Larger setbacks, saving the forests: the anti-wind 
 
movement in Germany, case study Brandenburg  88
 
5	  Preserving health, curbing costs: the anti-wind movement 
 
in Canada, case study Ontario  121
 
6	  Contention in context: governmental response to social 
 
movements  157
 
7	  Conclusion: the changing winds of discourses on 
 
decarbonization  190
 
Index	  204