Sobral Pinto, "The Conscience of Brazil": Leading the Attack against Vargas, 1930-1945

414 Pages·2002·35.425 MB·English

by  John W. F. Dulles

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ZI  , ‘‘   ’’
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L  . . 
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‘‘The Conscience
of Brazil’’
  
 
(–)
   , 

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BR ©
O
S
Allrightsreserved
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e PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
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Du Firstedition,

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workshouldbesenttoPermissions,UniversityofTexas
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--
Dulles,JohnW.F.
SobralPinto,‘‘theconscienceofBrazil’’:leadingtheattack
againstVargas(–)/JohnW.F.Dulles.—sted.
p. cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
---(hardcover:alk.paper)
.Pinto,HeráclitoSobral,– .Brazil—Politicsand
government—–. .Vargas,Getúlio,–.
I.Title.
. 
.''—dc


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A In Memory of
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/ Edith Foster Dulles
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6 Eleanor Foster Lansing

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R  ix
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SO  xv
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s
e  .
l
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Du AdvocateofOrderduringtheOldRepublic(pre-) 

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61  .
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CriticofPost-Confusion(–) 
 .
OpponentofthePost-Repression(–) 
 .
IntheAftermathoftheUprisings(–) 
 .
DealingwiththeEconomiaPopularandMatarazzo
(–) 
 .
GivingAttentiontoInternationalMatters(–) 
 .
BattlingCassianoRicardoandtheDIP(–) 
 .
ReactingtoCatholicConformityandCoriolano’sRepression
(–) 
 .
EmergingasaHerowithBrazil’sReturntoLiberties
(Early) 

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/ viii  , ‘‘   ’’

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O (June–October) 
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N  .
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SC DecliningtoRunforCongressandExplainingVargas’Fall
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CO (October) 
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H  .
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O, ShockedbytheElectorate’sMessage(December) 
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 
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R Soon after I finished writing this story about Sobral Pinto, two oc-
B
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S currences added to earlier recognition of his influence. At an im-
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pressive ceremony in Brasília, attended by leading magistrates and
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l juristsofthecountry,hisnamewasgiventothesaladosadvogados
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Du (the chamber used by lawyers) at the Supreme Court of Brazil. And

12 steps were taken by Brazilian Catholic figures for his canonization,
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6 which, if successful, will place him at the side of Saint Ivo of Brit-
tany, the patron of lawyers, as well as Saints Thomas Becket and
Thomas More, also lawyers.
For three reasons, it seemed to me, attention should be given to
Sobral Pinto’s activities and writings during what Catholic leader
Alceu Amoroso Lima said in  was ‘‘the illegality of the last fif-
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teen years’’: () his correspondence, () his role as the most con-
stantly forceful oppositionist, and () his unusual character.
() Because the press was so much of the time under government
controlandbecausememóriasandpolicerecords,whileuseful,have
occasional drawbacks, historians can be grateful for the additional
information and observations in the vast correspondence of Sobral
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Pinto,knownas‘‘theMarquisedeSévignéoftheregime.’’ Theycan
also be grateful that Sobral was continually in close touch with the
greatfiguresoftheperiodandwithsomanyvictimsoftheviolence
and that he was an inveterate faultfinder who made it a point to
analyze political developments. It was his duty, he felt, to scold his
friends,amongthemJusticeMinisterFranciscoCamposandCatho-
lic Church leaders, and to exchange letters with his jailed clients
and their families (such as the distressed relatives, living abroad, of
Communist prisoners Luiz Carlos Prestes and ‘‘Harry Berger’’). His
polemicswithprominentjournalistsandhisscathingdenunciations
of authorities, who included the top officers of the National Secu-

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