Table Of ContentSpringer Japan KK
K. Kuba, H. Higashida
D.A. Brown, T. Yoshioka
(Eds.)
Slow Synaptic Responses
and Modulation
With 112 Figures, Including g in Color
, Springer Japan KK
Kenji Kuba, M.D .. D.M.Sc.
Professor
Department of Physiology
Nagoya University School of Medicine
65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8850, Japan
Haruhiro Higashida, M.D., D.M.Sc.
Professor
Department of Biophysical Genetics
Kanazawa University, Graduate School of Medicine
13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
David A. Brown, Ph.D.
F.R.S Professor
Department of Pharmacology
University College London, Gower Street, London, WC IE 6BT. England, UK
Tohru Yoshioka, Ph.D.
Professor
Department of Molecular Neurobiology
Waseda University, School of Human Science
Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
ISBN 978-4-431-66975-3 ISBN 978-4-431-66973-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-66973-9
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Slow synaptic responses and modulation I
K. Kuba ... [et al.] eds.
p.cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
I. Neurotransmission. 2. Synapses. 3. Ion channels. I. Kuba. K. (Kenji), 193<.J
QP364.5 .S56 1999
573.8'5--dc21
99-3881.)8
Printed on acid-free paper
© Springer Japan 2000
Originally published by Springer-Verlag Tokyo in 2000.
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Preface
Information flow as nerve impulses in neuronal circuits is regulated at synapses.
The synapse is therefore a key element for information processing in the brain.
Much attention has been given to fast synaptic transmission, which predominantly
regulates impulse-to-impulse transmission. Slow synaptic transmission and modu
lation, however, sometimes have been neglected in considering and attempting to
understand brain function. Slow synaptic potentials and modulation occur with a
considerable delay in response to the accumulation of synaptic and modulatory
inputs. In these contexts, they are plastic in nature and play important roles in
information processing in the brain.
A symposium titled "Slow Synaptic Responses and Modulation" was held as
the satellite symposium to the 75th Annual Meeting of the Physiological Society of
Japan on March 30-31, 1998, in Kanazawa. The theme was selected not only for
the reason mentioned above, but also because of the considerable involvement of
many Japanese scholars in establishing the basic issues.
Following the dawn of synaptic physiological research, as Sir John Eccles, Sir
Bernard Katz, and Professor Stephen Kuffler carried out pioneer work, Professor
Kyozou Koketsu and Professor Benjamin Libet, the students of Sir John Eccles, and
their colleagues established the concept of slow synaptic responses and modulation
by studying vertebrate sympathetic ganglia. Since then, the concept has been ex
panded with detailed investigations of both peripheral and central synapses at the
levels of single ion channels, intracellular Ca"+ dynamics, intracellular transduc
tion mechanisms, and genes.
This book explains first how the concept of slow synaptic responses and modu
lation emerged from studies on sympathetic ganglia, then how it was expanded into
the elucidation of the detailed mechanisms in peripheral and central synapses, and
finally how the recent progress in these issues was achieved. Major topics are: (I)
postsynaptic mechanisms of slow synaptic potentials and modulation featuring a
ubiquitous voltage-dependent K+ channel, M-channel, and other K+ channels, (2)
presynaptic mechanisms of modulation focusing on voltage-dependent Ca"+ chan
nels, Ca"+ release channels, and exocytotic machinery, (3) plasticity and develop
ment of synapses that are also regarded as modulation, (4) synaptic transmission in
diseased or gene-targeted animals, and (5) many examples of modulation in a vari
ety of synapses.
v
VI Preface
Each chapter begins with an explanatory review to provide the basic concepts
and current understanding of the issues for students and those who are not familiar
with the field, followed by recent findings presented by invited speakers and poster
presenters in the symposium. The book is therefore relevant for students who are
interested in synaptic physiology, and also for researchers and teachers working in
the field.
We express our cordial thanks to the 75th Annual Meeting of the Physiological
Society of Japan, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (for the "Signaling
Mechanisms of Neurons" project in the "Research for the Future" program), the
Ciba-Geigy Foundation (Japan), the Naito Foundation, the Nagoya University Foun
dation, the Saibikai Foundation of Kanazawa University Hospital, and the Vagi
Foundation for their financial support to the Symposium and the publication of its
results. We also thank the editorial staff of Springer-Verlag, Tokyo for their assis
tance in publication, Ms. Jyunko Hashimoto and Ms. Mayuko Mizutani for their
help in preparation of the final version of all the manuscripts, and our colleagues
for their help in organizing the symposium.
The Editors
VII
Dr. KYO/l) Koketsu, Emeritus Professor of Kurume University
Editors with Professor K. Koketsu after the symposium
(From left: K. Kuha, T. Yoshioka, K. Koketsu, D.A. Brown, and H. Higashida)
Contents
Preface ............................................................................................................ V
Contributors ................................................................................................ XV
The Dawn and Foundation of Slow Synaptic Potentials and Modulation
K.KOKETSU ......................................................................................................... 1
M-Currents and Modulation
M-Current: From Discovery to Single Channel Currents
D. A. BROWN .......................................................................................................... 15
Properties of Muscarine-Sensitive Potassium Currents
in Vertebrate Nerve Cells
T. TOKIMASA and T. NISHIMURA ...................................................................... 27
Slow Synaptic Responses in Neuronal Tumor Cells: Dual Regulation
of ADP-Ribosy\ Cyclase and Inhibition of M-Current by
Muscarinic Receptor Stimulation
H. HIGASHIDA. S. YOKOYAMA, M. HASHll, and M. TAKETO ....................... 35
Acetylcholine-Like Effect of Sulfhydryl-Modifying Reagents on
M-Current in Rodent NG \ 08-\5 Cells
A.B. EGOROV A, N. HOSHI, and H. HIGASHIDA ............................................... .42
Inhibition of M-Type K+ Currents by Cognition Enhancers in
NG 10 8-15 Cells and Rat Cerebral Neurons in Culture
M. NODA, H. HIGASHIDA, and N. AKAIKE ······· .. ···· .. ······· .. ···························· .. ··46
Muscarinic Inhibition of M-current in Bullfrog Sympathetic
Neurones is Independent of Intracellular Ca2+ Release
T. AKITA and K. KUBA .......................................................................................... 49
K+ Currents and Modulation
Introductory Review: K Currents and Modulation
D. A. BROWN .......................................................................................................... 52
The Role of Mg2+ in the Modulation of IRK3 by M \ Acetylcholine Receptor
H. CHUANG, L.Y. JAN. and Y.N. JAN .................................................................. 59
Temporal Profile of Muscarinic Modulation of the Slow Ca2+_
Dependent K+ Current (IsAHP) in Rat Hippocampal Neurons
L. ZHANG, A.A. VELUMIAN, P.S. PENNEFATHER, and P.L. CARLEN ........... 67
IX
X Contents
Modulation of K+ Channels in Hippocampal Neurons: Transmitters
Acting via Cyclic AMP Enhance the Excitahility of Hippocampal Neurons
Through Kinase-Dependent and -Independent Modulation
of AHP- and h-Channels
1.F. STORM. P.PEDARZANI. T. HAUG. and T. WINTHER ........... .. ............. 7'!I.
Three Types of Cerehellar Voltage-Gated K+ Currents Expressed
in Xenopus Oocytes
N. HOSHI H. TAKAHASHI. S. YOKOYAMA. and H. HIGASHIDA ................... 93
Facilitatory Effect of Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase on
the K+-Current Responses to Dopamine, Acetylcholine. and
Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2 in the Ganglion Cells of Aplysia
S. KAWASAKI. S. KIMURA. R. FUJITA. K. TAKASHIMA.
K. SASAKI. and M. SATO .................................................. . . ...................... 97
Ca2 Currents and Modulation
+
Introductory Review: Calcium Channels and Modulation
L. GANDIA. A. ALBILLOS. C. MONTIEL, and A. G. GARCIA ......................... 101
Neuronal T-Type Calcium Channels: Pharmacology and
Investigation of Suhunit Composition
A. MEIR. C.N. WYATT. G.J. STEPHENS. and A.C. DOLPHIN ........................ 121
Exocytosis Calcium Channels: Autocrine/Paracrine Modulation
A.G. GARCIA. 1.M. HERNA.NDEZ-GUIJO. I. MA YORGAS, ami L.GANDIA .. 130
Synaptic Modulation Mediated hy G-Protein-Coupled Presynaptic Receptors
T. TAKAHASHI ..................................................................................................... 147
Presynaptic Glutamate Receptors in the Hippocampus
H.KAMIYA ........................................................................................................... 154
The (XI-Suhunit of the L-Type Ca2+ Channel Is Converted to
a Long Open and Noninactivating State hy Large Depolarization
S. NAKAYAMA. M. KUZUY A. M. MIYOSHI. K. KUBA.
and Y. OKAMURA ................................................................................................ 15X
Endomorphins Inhihit N-Type Ca2+ Channel Currents Through
~-Opioid Receptors in NG lOS-IS Cells Expressing Cloned ~-Receptors
R. KNIJNIK, N. HOSHI, 1. E. ZADINA. A. 1. KASTIN. allli H. HIGASHIDA .... 161
Ca2+ Dynamics and Modulation
Introductory Review: Ca2+ Dynamics, and Modulation
K. KUBA ................................................................................................................ 163
Ca2+-lnduced Ca2+ Release in Presynaptic Terminals and Exocytosis
K. KUBA. K. NARITA, and T. AKITA ................................................................. 173
Synaptic Modulation of Dendritic Ca2+ Intlux and Gene Expression
H. BITO. E.T. KAY ALALI, M. ZHUO, K. DEISSEROTII, and R.W. TSIEN ..... I X2
Receptor Activation Studies hy Ca2+, Thermal, and PKC Imaging
1. DE BARRY. H. SHINAGAWA. A. lANOSHAZI, M. IKEDA.
1. L. DUPONT, and T. YOSHIOKA ...................................................................... 188
Dual Imaging of Ca2+ and cr in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
M. IKEDA, K. TESIlIMA, C.N. ALLEN, S. SHIBATA. and T. YOSHIOKA ...... 200
Contents XI
Enhancement or Neurotransmitter Release by Activation or Ryanodine
Receptors after Ca2+- Dependent Priming at Motor Nerve Terminals
K. NARITA, T AKITA, K. OCHL and K. KUBA ................................................. 206
Upregulation or Cytosolic Ca2+ [ncreases by Cyclic ADP-ribose
in NG 109-IS Neuronal Cells: [n Comparison with Inositol
Tetrakisphosphate in Fihrohlast Cells
M. HASHII and H. HIGASHIDA ........................................................................... 209
Plastic Nature or a Ca2+-Induced Ca2+ Release Mechanism
in Hippocampal Synaptic Terminals
F.-M. LU and K. KUBA ......................................................................................... 212
Exocytosis and Modulation
[ntroductory Review: Exocytosis and Modulation
S. MOCHIDA and K. KUBA ................................................................................. 215
Studies or Neurotransmitter Release at Cholinergic Synapses
Formed Between Sympathetic Neurons in Culture:
Role of Ca2+ Channels in Neurotransmitter Release
S. MOCHIDA ......................................................................................................... 235
A Novel Adrenergic Receptor Potentiates Transmitter Release from
the Chick Ciliary Giant Presynaptic Terminal hy Activating
the cGMP-Protein Kinase G Cascade
H. Y AWO, T. ARE, and S. SAHEKI ..................................................................... 247
Synaptic Transmission at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction:
Effects of Metahotropic Glutamate Reeeptor Activation
D. ZHANG, H. KUROML and Y. KI[)OKORO .................................................... 26()
Suppressive Effects of Serotonin on Autaptic Transmission
in Cultured Rat Hippocampal Neuron
M. KOGURE, O. TAJlMA, and K. Y AMAGUCHI ............................................... 266
Paired-Pulse Depression and mGluR-Mediated Modulation
of Cerehellar Climbing Fiber Synapses
K. HASHIMOTO and M. KANO ........................................................................... 268
Adrenaline-Induced Long-Lasting Potentiation or Transmitter Release
at Frog Motor Nerve Terminals
S.-M. HUANG, T AKITA, A. KITAMURA, S. NAKAYAMA, and K. KUBA ... 271
Synaptic Plasticity and Modulation
Introductory Review: Synaptic Plasticity and Modulation
T YOSHIOKA and K. KUBA ............................................................................... 274
Modulatory Actions of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor on
Synaptic Transmission in Rat Visual Cortex
T TSUMOTO, N. TANIGUCHI, F. KIMURA, S. KINOSHITA,
and Y.AKANEY A .................................................................................................. 297
Properties of AMP A Receptor Channel During Long-Term Depression
in Rat Cerebellar Purkinje Cells
H. KOJIMA, K. ICHIKAWA, L.V. ILEVA, S. F. TRAYNELlS,
and TYOSHIOKA ................................................................................................. 307
