Simulation and wargaming

466 Pages·2022·18.517 MB·English

by  edited by Charles Turnitsa, Regent University, Virginia Beach, USA, Curtis Blais, Naval Postgraduate School MOVES Institute, Monterey, USA, Andreas Tolk, The MITRE Corporation, Charlottesville, USA.

Simulation and Wargaming

Simulation and Wargaming
Edited by
Charles Turnitsa
Regent University
Virginia Beach, USA
Curtis Blais
Naval Postgraduate School MOVES Institute
Monterey, USA
Andreas Tolk
The MITRE Corporation
Charlottesville, USA
This edition first published 2022
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Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data
Names: Turnitsa, Charles, editor. | Blais, Curtis, editor. | Tolk, Andreas,
editor.
Title: Simulation and wargaming / edited by Charles Turnitsa, Regent
University, Virginia Beach, USA, Curtis Blais, Naval Postgraduate School
MOVES Institute, Monterey, USA, Andreas Tolk, The MITRE Corporation,
Charlottesville, USA.
Description: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, 2021. | Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021008520 (print) | LCCN 2021008521 (ebook) | ISBN
9781119604785 (hardback) | ISBN 9781119604792 (adobe pdf) | ISBN
9781119604808 (epub) | ISBN 9781119604815 (obook)
Subjects: LCSH: War games. | Simulation methods.
Classification: LCC U310 .S487 2021 (print) | LCC U310 (ebook) | DDC
658.4/0352–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021008520
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021008521
Cover Design: Wiley
Cover Image: © Unsplash
Set in 9.5/12.5pt STIXTwoText by Straive, Pondicherry, India
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This text is dedicated to Dr. Stuart H. Starr (1942 to 2018), a mentor, colleague,
and friend. He devoted his life to military operations research and analysis,
including pushing wargaming towards new horizons. His work made him a Fellow
of the Military Operations Research Society and was recognized by the Clayton
J. Thomas Award as well as the Vance R. Wanner Memorial Award, but far more
worth and longer lasting than his many recognitions are the impressions that his
personality left on all of us: his openness and willingness to step in and educate and
support everyone on the team to create new insights. He truly will be missed.

vii
Contents
Foreword xv
Preface xxiii
List of Contributors xxv
Author Biography xxix
Prologue xli
Part I Introduction 1
1 An Introduction to Wargaming and Modeling and Simulation 3
Jeffrey Appleget
­Introduction­ 3
­Terminology­ 3
­An­Abbreviated­History­of Wargames­and Simulations­ 5
­Wargames­and Computer-Based­Combat­Simulations:­From the Cold­War­
to Today­ 6
­Wargames­Today­ 10
­Simulations­Today­ 13
Introduction­ 13
Simulation­Types­ 13
Aggregate­Simulations­ 13
Entity­Simulations­ 14
Simulations­and Prediction­ 14
Standard­Assumptions­ 14
Data­ 15
Simulating­the Reality­of Combat­ 16
The­Capability­and Capacity­of Modern­Computing­to Represent­
Combat­ 16
viii Contents
Finite­Size­ 17
Number­of Pieces/Entities­ 17
Terrain­ 18
Rules­ 18
Movement­ 18
Attack­ 19
Adjudication­ 19
Victory­Conditions­ 19
Summary­ 20
­Campaign­Analysis­ 20
­Conclusion­ 21
Part II Historical Context 23
2 A School for War – A Brief History of the Prussian Kriegsspiel 25
Jorit Wintjes
­Introduction­ 25
­Kriegsspiel­Prehistory­ 29
­A­School­for­War –­the­Prussian­Kriegsspiel  36
­The­Prussian­Kriegsspiel­1824/28 –­1862­ 42
­The­Golden­Age –­1862­to c.­1875­ 46
­The­Changing­Kriegsspiel –­c.­1875­to­1914­ 50
Kriegsspiel­Beyond­Borders –­1871­to 1914­ 54
­Conclusion­ 59
3 Using Combat Models for Wargaming 65
Joseph M. Saur
­The­Nature­of Combat­Models­ 67
­Europe’s­Plan­to Simulate­the Entire­Planet­ 77
­China­Exclusive:­China’s­“Magic­Cube”­Computer­Unlocks­the Future­ 77
­A­Model­to Predict­War­ 78
­Afghanistan­Stability/COIN­Dynamics –­Security­ 79
­The­Nature­of Wargames­ 81
­The­Players –­Who­Might­Be Involved?­ 85
­The­CRT –­How­Do­We­Adjudicate­Political,­Economic,­Information­and­
Other­Non-­Kinetic­Actions?­How­DO­WE­ADJUDICATE­KINETIC­
INTERACTIONS­(Which,­in­This­Case,­We­Hope­Do­Not­Occur!)?­ 86
­Organizational­Behaviors­ 88
­Issue­in Wargames­(and­Combat­Models)­ 89
­yyyyn­ 90