Signal Processing in Radar Systems

625 Pages·2012·17.21 MB·English

by  Vyacheslav Tuzlukov

Electrical Engineering
TUZLUKOV
S SI G NAL
SIGNAL PROCESSING
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in RADAR SYSTEMS
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A
PRO CESSI N G
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An essential task in radar systems is to find an appropriate solution to the  P
problems related to robust signal processing and the definition of signal param-
R
eters. Signal Processing in Radar Systems addresses robust signal process-
O
ing problems in complex radar systems and digital signal processing subsystems. 
It also tackles the important issue of defining signal parameters. C RADAR
in
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The book presents problems related to traditional methods of synthesis and 
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analysis of the main digital signal processing operations. It also examines prob-
lems related to modern methods of robust signal processing in noise, with a focus  S
on the generalized approach to signal processing in noise under coherent filtering.  I SYSTEMS
N
In addition, the book puts forth a new problem statement and new methods to 
solve problems of adaptation and control by functioning processes. Taking a  G
systems approach to designing complex radar systems, it offers readers 

guidance in solving optimization problems.  i
n

Organized into three parts, the book first discusses the main design principles of 
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the modern robust digital signal processing algorithms used in complex radar 
A
systems. The second part covers the main principles of computer system design 
for these algorithms and provides real-world examples of systems. The third part  D
deals with experimental measurements of the main statistical parameters of 
A
Vyacheslav Tuzlukov
stochastic processes. It also defines their estimations for robust signal processing 
R
in complex radar systems. 

S
Written by an internationally recognized professor and expert in signal process-
Y
ing, this book summarizes investigations carried out over the past 30 years. It 
supplies practitioners, researchers, and students with general principles for  S
designing the robust digital signal processing algorithms employed by complex  T
radar systems. E
M
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K11252

SIGNAL
PROCESSING
RADAR
in
SYSTEMS

SIGNAL
PROCESSING
RADAR
in
SYSTEMS
Vyacheslav Tuzlukov
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
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To the undying memory of Dr. Peter Tuzlukov,
my dear father and teacher

Contents
Preface..............................................................................................................................................xv
Author..............................................................................................................................................xix
Introduction......................................................................................................................................xxi
Part I Design of radar Digital Signal Processing
and Control algorithms
Chapter 1 Principles.of.Systems.Approach.to.Design.Complex.Radar.Systems...........................3
1.1. Methodology.of.Systems.Approach...................................................................3
1.2. Main.Requirements.of.Complex.Radar.Systems...............................................6
1.3. Problems.of.System.Design.for.Automated.Complex.Radar.Systems.............13
1.4. Radar.Signal.Processing.System.as.an.Object.of.Design.................................15
1.5. Summary.and.Discussion.................................................................................21
References...................................................................................................................23
Chapter 2 Signal.Processing.by.Digital.Generalized.Detector.in.Complex.Radar.Systems.......25
2.1. Analog-to-Digital.Signal.Conversion:.Main.Principles...................................25
2.1.1. Sampling.Process................................................................................25
2.1.2. Quantization.and.Signal.Sampling.Conversion..................................29
2.1.3. Analog-to-Digital.Conversion:.Design.Principles.and.Main.
Parameters...........................................................................................30
2.1.3.1. Sampling.and.Quantization.Errors......................................30
2.1.3.2. Reliability............................................................................32
2.2. Digital.Generalized.Detector.for.Coherent.Impulse.Signals...........................32
2.2.1. Matched.Filter.....................................................................................32
2.2.2. Generalized.Detector..........................................................................34
2.2.3. Digital.Generalized.Detector..............................................................36
2.3. Convolution.in.Time.Domain...........................................................................39
2.4. Convolution.in.Frequency.Domain..................................................................47
2.5. Examples.of.Some.DGD.Types........................................................................52
2.6. Summary.and.Discussion.................................................................................53
References...................................................................................................................55
Chapter 3 Digital.Interperiod.Signal.Processing.Algorithms......................................................57
3.1. Digital.Moving-Target.Indication.Algorithms..................................................57
3.1.1. Principles.of.Construction.and.Efficiency.Indices..............................57
3.1.2. Digital.Rejector.Filters........................................................................60
3.1.3. Digital.Moving-Target.Indicator.in.Radar.System.with.Variable.
Pulse.Repetition.Frequency.................................................................66
3.1.4. Adaptation.in.Digital.Moving-Target.Indicators.................................67
vii
viii Contents
3.2. DGD.for.Coherent.Impulse.Signals.with.Known.Parameters..........................69
3.2.1. Initial.Conditions.................................................................................69
3.2.2. DGD.for.Target.Return.Pulse.Train....................................................72
3.2.3. DGD.for.Binary.Quantized.Target.Return.Pulse.Train......................74
3.2.4. DGD.Based.on.Methods.of.Sequential.Analysis................................75
3.2.5. Software.DGD.for.Binary.Quantized.Target.Return.Pulse.Train.......81
3.3. DGD.for.Coherent.Impulse.Signals.with.Unknown.Parameters......................82
3.3.1. Problem.Statements.of.Digital.Detector.Synthesis.............................82
3.3.2. Adaptive.DGD.....................................................................................84
3.3.3. Nonparametric.DGD...........................................................................87
3.3.3.1. Sign-Nonparametric.DGD...................................................88
3.3.3.2. Rank-Nonparametric.DGD..................................................89
3.3.4. Adaptive-Nonparametric.DGD...........................................................91
3.4. Digital.Measurers.of.Target.Return.Signal.Parameters...................................93
3.4.1. Digital.Measurer.of.Target.Range.......................................................94
3.4.2. .Algorithms.of.Angular.Coordinate.Estimation.under.Uniform.
Radar.Antenna.Scanning....................................................................95
3.4.3. .Algorithms.of.Angular.Coordinate.Estimation.under.Discrete.
Radar.Antenna.Scanning..................................................................100
3.4.4. Doppler.Frequency.Measurer............................................................103
3.5. .Complex.Generalized.Algorithms.of.Digital.Interperiod.Signal.Processing......105
3.6. Summary.and.Discussion...............................................................................108
References.................................................................................................................111
Chapter 4 Algorithms.of.Target.Range.Track.Detection.and.Tracking.....................................115
4.1. Main.Stages.and.Signal.Reprocessing.Operations.........................................117
4.1.1. Target.Pip.Gating:.Shape.Selection.and.Dimensions.of.Gates.........119
4.1.2. Algorithm.of.Target.Pip.Indication.by.Minimal.Deviation.
from Gate.Center...............................................................................122
4.1.3. Target.Pip.Distribution.and.Binding.within.Overlapping.Gates.......125
4.2. Target.Range.Track.Detection.Using.Surveillance.Radar.Data.....................128
4.2.1. Main.Operations.under.Target.Range.Track.Detection....................128
4.2.2. .Statistical.Analysis.of.“2m.+ 1/n”.Algorithms.under.False.
Target.Range.Track.Detection...........................................................129
4.2.3. .Statistical.Analysis.of.“2m.+.l/n”.Algorithms.under True.Target.
Range.Track.Detection......................................................................135
4.3. Target.Range.Tracking.Using.Surveillance.Radar.Data................................138
4.3.1. Target.Range.Autotracking.Algorithm.............................................138
4.3.2. United.Algorithm.of.Detection.and.Target.Range.Tracking.............142
4.4. Summary.and.Discussion...............................................................................143
References.................................................................................................................146
Chapter 5 Filtering.and.Extrapolation.of.Target.Track.Parameters.Based.on.Radar.Measure.....149
5.1. Initial.Conditions............................................................................................150
5.2. Process.Representation.in.Filtering.Subsystems............................................150
5.2.1. Target.Track.Model...........................................................................150
5.2.2. Measuring.Process.Model.................................................................153
5.3. .Statistical.Approach.to.Solution.of.Filtering.Problems.of.Stochastic.
(Unknown).Parameters...................................................................................155