Table Of Content

Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. Shoreline United States Outfitter/Guide Department of Agriculture Forest Service Tongass National Forest Record of Decision and R10-MB-519b Final Environmental Impact Statement December 2004 Volume II: FEIS (Chapters) The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Federal Recycling Program Printed on Recycled Paper Contents Volume II: FEIS (Chapters) Chapter 1—Purpose and Need Introduction..................................................................................................................................1-1 Overview..................................................................................................................................1-1 Proposed Action...........................................................................................................................1-3 Purpose and Need.........................................................................................................................1-4 Decision Framework.....................................................................................................................1-4 Decision....................................................................................................................................1-4 Findings....................................................................................................................................1-5 Responsible Official.................................................................................................................1-5 Implementation.........................................................................................................................1-5 Description of the Analysis Area..................................................................................................1-6 Geographic Location and Boundaries......................................................................................1-6 Previous Use.............................................................................................................................1-9 Current and Future Projects......................................................................................................1-9 Management Direction...............................................................................................................1-11 Forest Service Levels of Direction.........................................................................................1-11 Relationship to Forest Plan....................................................................................................1-12 Goals and Objectives.........................................................................................................1-12 Land Use Designations (LUDs).........................................................................................1-13 Forest Plan Standards and Guidelines................................................................................1-13 Public Involvement.....................................................................................................................1-13 Public Scoping.......................................................................................................................1-13 Schedule of Proposed Actions (SOPA).............................................................................1-14 Notice of Intent (NOI).......................................................................................................1-14 Mailing List........................................................................................................................1-14 Consultation with Federally Recognized Tribal Governments and Other Government Agencies.............................................................................................................................1-18 Overview............................................................................................................................1-18 Tribal Governments...........................................................................................................1-19 State Agencies....................................................................................................................1-19 Other Federal Agencies......................................................................................................1-21 Issues..........................................................................................................................................1-21 Significant Issues...................................................................................................................1-22 Issue 1. Availability of Recreation Opportunities for the Guided and Unguided Recreationist..................................................................................................................1-22 Issue 2. Economic Opportunities and Potential Effects on Outfitter/Guide Businesses......................................................................................................................1-24 Issue 3. Conflicts Within the Commercial Recreation Industry.......................................1-25 Other Environmental Considerations.....................................................................................1-26 Resource Concerns Discussed in Chapter 3.......................................................................1-26 Issues Beyond The Scope Of This EIS..............................................................................1-27 Shoreline Outfitter/Guide Final EIS Contents (cid:132) i Contents—Volume II Issues of Jurisdiction..........................................................................................................1-27 Applicable Laws and Executive Orders.....................................................................................1-28 Availability of Final EIS............................................................................................................1-30 Chapter 2—Alternatives Introduction..................................................................................................................................2-1 Alternative Development Process............................................................................................2-1 Alternative Components..........................................................................................................2-2 Carrying Capacity................................................................................................................2-2 Community Use...................................................................................................................2-3 Group Day...........................................................................................................................2-3 Large Group Size.................................................................................................................2-3 Seasons................................................................................................................................2-4 Access..................................................................................................................................2-4 Mitigation............................................................................................................................2-4 Monitoring...........................................................................................................................2-4 Items Common to All Action Alternatives...................................................................................2-4 Recreation................................................................................................................................2-5 Fish and Game Management....................................................................................................2-5 Mitigation Measures................................................................................................................2-5 Riparian Management Areas....................................................................................................2-5 Fish Habitat and Water Quality................................................................................................2-5 Eagle and Raptor Nests............................................................................................................2-6 Threatened, Endangered, and Sensitive Listed Species...........................................................2-6 Marine......................................................................................................................................2-6 Mammals..................................................................................................................................2-6 Heritage Resources..................................................................................................................2-6 Alternatives Considered in Detail................................................................................................2-6 Alternative 1 – No Action........................................................................................................2-6 Alternative 2 – (Proposed Action)...........................................................................................2-9 Alternative 3...........................................................................................................................2-11 Alternative 4...........................................................................................................................2-19 Alternative 5...........................................................................................................................2-27 Comparison of Alternatives Summary.......................................................................................2-35 General Comparison..............................................................................................................2-35 Comparison by Issue..............................................................................................................2-35 Issue 1: Availability of Recreation Opportunities for the Guided and Unguided Recreationists.....................................................................................................................2-35 Issue 2: Economic Opportunities and Potential Effects on Commercial Outfitter/Guide Businesses..........................................................................................................................2-40 Issue 3: Conflicts Within the Commercial Recreation Industry.......................................2-43 Mitigation Measures and Monitoring.........................................................................................2-48 Mitigation Measures..............................................................................................................2-48 Monitoring.............................................................................................................................2-48 Findings and Disclosures............................................................................................................2-48 NFMA....................................................................................................................................2-49 Planning.................................................................................................................................2-49 Tongass Land and Resource Management Plan 1997 (Forest Plan)..................................2-49 Laws.......................................................................................................................................2-49 ii (cid:132) Contents Shoreline Outfitter/Guide Final EIS Volume II—Contents Endangered Species Act....................................................................................................2-49 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act..............................................................................2-49 National Historic Preservation Act....................................................................................2-49 Federal Cave Resource Protection Act of 1988.................................................................2-50 Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) Evaluations and Findings..................................................................................................................2-50 Clean Water Act.................................................................................................................2-50 Clean Air Act.....................................................................................................................2-51 Coastal Zone Management Act..........................................................................................2-51 Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act......................................2-52 Other Disclosures...................................................................................................................2-52 Effects on Prime Farm Land, Range Land, and Forest Land.............................................2-52 Effects on Civil Rights, Women, and Minorities...............................................................2-52 Executive Order 11593......................................................................................................2-52 Executive Order 11988......................................................................................................2-53 Executive Order 11990......................................................................................................2-53 Executive Order 12898......................................................................................................2-53 Executive Order 12962......................................................................................................2-53 Executive Order 13007......................................................................................................2-54 Executive Orders 13084 and 13175...................................................................................2-54 Executive Order 13186......................................................................................................2-54 Alternatives and Proposals Considered but Eliminated from Detailed Study............................2-54 No Commercial Use on the National Forest..........................................................................2-54 Helicopters.............................................................................................................................2-55 Off-highway Vehicles (OHVs)..............................................................................................2-55 Large Group Areas.................................................................................................................2-55 Big Game Guided Hunting Allocations.................................................................................2-55 Chapter 3—Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences Introduction..................................................................................................................................3-1 Overview..................................................................................................................................3-1 Administrative Land Divisions................................................................................................3-2 Use Area............................................................................................................................3-2 Land Use Designation (LUD)............................................................................................3-2 Value Comparison Unit (VCU).........................................................................................3-2 Wildlife Analysis Area (WAA).........................................................................................3-2 Game Management Unit (GMU)......................................................................................3-2 Guide Use Area (GUA).....................................................................................................3-2 Analyzing Effects.....................................................................................................................3-3 Direct, Indirect, and Cumulative Effects...........................................................................3-3 Unavoidable Adverse Effects............................................................................................3-3 Short-term Use and Long-term Productivity.....................................................................3-3 Irreversible and Irretrievable Commitments......................................................................3-3 Available Resource Information..............................................................................................3-4 Discussion of Significant Issues...............................................................................................3-4 Recreation.....................................................................................................................................3-5 Introduction..............................................................................................................................3-5 Shoreline Outfitter/Guide Final EIS Contents (cid:132) iii Contents—Volume II The Forest Plan and the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum................................................3-6 Recreation Carrying Capacity Analysis...............................................................................3-7 Seasons................................................................................................................................3-9 Affected Environment............................................................................................................3-11 Communities......................................................................................................................3-11 Recreation in the Analysis Area........................................................................................3-12 Access................................................................................................................................3-14 Group Size.........................................................................................................................3-17 Role of the Commercial Outfitter/Guide...........................................................................3-17 Recreation Use Levels.......................................................................................................3-18 ANILCA 1307...................................................................................................................3-27 Environmental Consequences................................................................................................3-28 Availability of Recreation Opportunities for the Guided and Unguided Recreationists (Issue 1).............................................................................................................................3-28 Economic Opportunities and Potential Effects on Outfitter/Guide Businesses (Issue 2).3-42 Conflicts within the Commercial Recreation Industry (Issue 3).......................................3-48 Cumulative Effects............................................................................................................3-51 Socioeconomics..........................................................................................................................3-53 Introduction............................................................................................................................3-53 Affected Environment............................................................................................................3-54 Community Profiles...........................................................................................................3-54 General Discussion of Affected Environment...................................................................3-56 Recreation and Tourism.....................................................................................................3-57 Regional Economic Trends................................................................................................3-59 Recreation, Tourism, and Outfitter/Guides........................................................................3-59 Implications of Expanding Activity...................................................................................3-60 Environmental Consequences................................................................................................3-62 Overview...........................................................................................................................3-62 Socioeconomic Effects on Non-commercial Users (Issue 1)............................................3-62 Socioeconomic effects on the Recreation Industry (Issue 2).............................................3-63 Cumulative Effects............................................................................................................3-63 Wilderness..................................................................................................................................3-64 Introduction............................................................................................................................3-64 Affected Environment............................................................................................................3-65 Overview...........................................................................................................................3-65 Wilderness Areas Within the Analysis Area.....................................................................3-66 Environmental Consequences................................................................................................3-69 Direct Effects on Recreation Users and the Recreation Industry (Issues 1 and 2)............3-69 Indirect Effects on Recreation Users and the Recreation Industry (Issues 1 and 2)..........3-75 Cumulative Effects on Recreation Users and the Recreation Industry (Issues 1 and 2)....3-75 Summary of Wilderness Effects........................................................................................3-77 Roadless Area Evaluations for Wilderness Recommendations.........................................3-77 Wild, Scenic, and Recreation Rivers..........................................................................................3-79 Introduction............................................................................................................................3-79 Affected Environment............................................................................................................3-79 Description of the Rivers...................................................................................................3-80 Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS)..........................................................................3-83 Existing Recreation Use of the River Corridors................................................................3-83 Comparison of Group Use in the Use Areas and Wild and Scenic Areas.........................3-84 Environmental Consequences................................................................................................3-84 Direct and Indirect Effects.................................................................................................3-84 iv (cid:132) Contents Shoreline Outfitter/Guide Final EIS Volume II—Contents Cumulative Effects.............................................................................................................3-87 Measures to Avoid or Minimize Cumulative Effects........................................................3-89 Other Environmental Considerations.........................................................................................3-90 Introduction............................................................................................................................3-90 Biodiversity............................................................................................................................3-90 Overview............................................................................................................................3-90 Affected Environment........................................................................................................3-90 Environmental Consequences............................................................................................3-92 Soils........................................................................................................................................3-93 Overview............................................................................................................................3-93 Affected Environment........................................................................................................3-93 Environmental Consequences............................................................................................3-94 Wetlands.................................................................................................................................3-95 Overview............................................................................................................................3-95 Affected Environment........................................................................................................3-95 Environmental Consequences............................................................................................3-97 Vegetation..............................................................................................................................3-98 Overview............................................................................................................................3-98 Affected Environment........................................................................................................3-98 Environmental Consequences............................................................................................3-99 Wildlife................................................................................................................................3-101 Overview..........................................................................................................................3-101 Affected Environment......................................................................................................3-101 Environmental Consequences..........................................................................................3-109 Fish Habitat and Water Quality............................................................................................3-114 Overview..........................................................................................................................3-114 Affected Environment......................................................................................................3-115 Environmental Consequences..........................................................................................3-119 Threatened, Endangered, and Sensitive Species..................................................................3-125 Overview..........................................................................................................................3-125 Affected Environment......................................................................................................3-126 Environmental Consequences..........................................................................................3-129 Karst and Cave Resources....................................................................................................3-131 Overview..........................................................................................................................3-131 Affected Environment......................................................................................................3-131 Environmental Consequences..........................................................................................3-132 Subsistence...........................................................................................................................3-132 Overview..........................................................................................................................3-132 Affected Environment......................................................................................................3-133 Environmental Consequences..........................................................................................3-137 Subsistence Findings........................................................................................................3-141 Heritage Resources...............................................................................................................3-142 Overview..........................................................................................................................3-142 Affected Environment......................................................................................................3-143 Environmental Consequences..........................................................................................3-145 Cumulative Effects...........................................................................................................3-146 Heritage Resource Monitoring.........................................................................................3-147 Air Quality...........................................................................................................................3-150 Affected Environment......................................................................................................3-150 Environmental Consequences..........................................................................................3-151 Shoreline Outfitter/Guide Final EIS Contents (cid:132) v Contents—Volume II Chapter 4—Lists Glossary........................................................................................................................................4-1 Common Abbreviations...........................................................................................................4-1 Definitions................................................................................................................................4-3 References..................................................................................................................................4-14 Preparers.....................................................................................................................................4-20 List of Final EIS Recipients.......................................................................................................4-24 Agencies.................................................................................................................................4-24 Libraries.................................................................................................................................4-25 Media.....................................................................................................................................4-25 Organizations and Businesses................................................................................................4-25 Public Officials, Cities, and Federally Recognized Tribes....................................................4-28 Individuals..............................................................................................................................4-29 Index...........................................................................................................................................4-32 vi (cid:132) Contents Shoreline Outfitter/Guide Final EIS Volume II—Contents List of Tables Chapter 1—Purpose and Need Table 1-1. Total Acres of Each Use Area....................................................................................1-6 Chapter 2—Alternatives Table 2-1. Alternative 1 (No Action)—Commercial Allocation by Use Area and Season......................................................................................................................................2-8 Table 2-2. Alternative 2—Commercial Allocation by Use Area and Season...........................2-10 Table 2-3. Alternative 3—Commercial Allocation by Use Area and Season...........................2-12 Table 2-4. Alternative 3—Enclave Large Group Areas............................................................2-13 Table 2-5. Alternative 3—Fifteen-Percent Large Group Areas................................................2-14 Table 2-6. Alternative 4—Commercial Allocation by Use Area and Season...........................2-20 Table 2-7. Alternative 4—Enclave Large Group Areas............................................................2-21 Table 2-8. Alternative 4—Fifteen-Percent Large Group Areas................................................2-21 Table 2-9. Alternative 5—Commercial Allocation by Use Area and Season...........................2-28 Table 2-10. Alternative 5—Enclave Large Group Areas..........................................................2-29 Table 2-11. Alternative 5—Fifteen-Percent Large Group Areas..............................................2-29 Table 2-12. Comparison of Alternatives—General...................................................................2-35 Table 2-13. Seasonal Allocation for the Alternatives................................................................2-44 Table 2-14. Comparison of Alternatives by Issue.....................................................................2-47 Chapter 3—Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences Table 3-1. Forest Plan Guidelines for Numbers of Social Group Encounters Per Day by ROS Class...........................................................................................................................3-8 Table 3-2. Dates and Number of Days of Seasonal Use..............................................................3-9 Table 3-3. Group Days by Alternative by Seasonal Allocation..................................................3-9 Table 3-4. Alternatives with the Seasonal Adjustments............................................................3-10 Table 3-5. Spring Season End Dates for Use Areas..................................................................3-11 Table 3-6. Amount (Acres) and Type of Recreation Opportunity (ROS) Available Within the Shoreline Zone by Use Area................................................................................3-15 Table 3-7. Amount (Miles) and Type of Recreation Opportunity (ROS) Available Within the Shoreline Zone by Use Area................................................................................3-16 Table 3-8. Average (1999-2001) Commercial Use in Group Days and Percentage of Total Carrying Capacity by Season and Use Area.................................................................3-23 Table 3-9. Percentage of Commercial Use (Group Days) by Activity and Season (Average 1999 – 2001)...............................................................................................................3-24 Table 3-10. Number of Group Days Available for Commercial Recreation Use by Alternative and Season...........................................................................................................3-29 Table 3-11. Commercial Allocation Data by Alternative..........................................................3-30 Table 3-12. Total Recreation Carrying Capacity with Commercial and Non- Commercial Allocation by Alternative..................................................................................3-32 Table 3-13. Percent of the Shoreline Zone (Area) Available in Each Recreation Setting to Provide the Expected Recreation Experience (ROS) for All Alternatives............................................................................................................................3-34 Table 3-14. Percent of Shoreline Miles Available in Each Recreation Setting to Provide the Expected Recreation Experience (ROS) for All Alternatives.............................3-34 Shoreline Outfitter/Guide Final EIS Contents (cid:132) vii

ebook img

Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II PDF

2004·10.5 MB·English
by  United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region.
#usdanationalagriculturallibrary #fedlink #usda-alaskaforestresearchcenter
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download

Download Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II PDF Free - Full Version

by United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region.| 2004| 10.5| English

Download Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II by United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region. in PDF format completely FREE. No registration required, no payment needed. Get instant access to this valuable resource on PDFdrive.to!

Free Download PDF

About Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II

No description available for this book.

Detailed Information

Author:United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region.
Publication Year:2004
Language:English
File Size:10.5
Format:PDF
Price:FREE
Download Free PDF

Safe & Secure Download - No registration required

Why Choose PDFdrive for Your Free Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II Download?

  • 100% Free: No hidden fees or subscriptions required for one book every day.
  • No Registration: Immediate access is available without creating accounts for one book every day.
  • Safe and Secure: Clean downloads without malware or viruses
  • Multiple Formats: PDF, MOBI, Mpub,... optimized for all devices
  • Educational Resource: Supporting knowledge sharing and learning

Free Books Similar to Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it really free to download Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II PDF?

Yes, on https://PDFdrive.to you can download Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II by United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region. completely free. We don't require any payment, subscription, or registration to access this PDF file. For 3 books every day.

How can I read Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II on my mobile device?

After downloading Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II PDF, you can open it with any PDF reader app on your phone or tablet. We recommend using Adobe Acrobat Reader, Apple Books, or Google Play Books for the best reading experience.

Is this the full version of Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II?

Yes, this is the complete PDF version of Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II by United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region.. You will be able to read the entire content as in the printed version without missing any pages.

Is it legal to download Shoreline outfitter/guide : record of decision and final environmental impact statement. Vol. II PDF for free?

https://PDFdrive.to provides links to free educational resources available online. We do not store any files on our servers. Please be aware of copyright laws in your country before downloading.

The materials shared are intended for research, educational, and personal use in accordance with fair use principles.

We use cookies

We use cookies to ensure you get the best browsing experience on our website. By clicking "Accept Cookies", you agree that we can store cookies on your device in accordance with our Terms and Privacy.