Shipyard Industry Standards

276 Pages·2.421 MB·276\276

by  Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Shipyard Industry
Standards
U.S.DepartmentofLabor
OccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration
OSHA2268-03R
2009
CoverphotofromtheAmericanShipbuildingAssociation,
courtesyofGeneralDynamicsNASSCOinSanDiego,CA.
Contents
MaritimeCoverageunderStatePlans................13
GuidelinesforWorkplaceSafetyand
HealthProgramsintheShipyardIndustry........13
BasicElements.................................................................14
ManagementCommitment............................................14
EmployeeParticipation...................................................16
LargeShipyard..................................................................17
MediumShipyard/LargeBoatyard...............................17
SmallShipyardorBoatyard..........................................18
HazardIdentification,AssessmentandControl.........18
AccidentandIncidentInvestigation.............................22
Training...............................................................................23
ProgramEvaluation.........................................................25
ProceduresforMulti-EmployerWorkplaces..............26
Recordkeeping..................................................................27
SubpartA–GeneralProvisions.............................29
1915.1 PurposeandAuthority.....................................29
1915.2 ScopeandApplication.....................................29
1915.3 Responsibility....................................................29
1915.4 Definitions...........................................................30
1915.5 IncorporationbyReference.............................33
1915.6 CommercialDivingOperations......................36
1915.7 CompetentPerson.............................................37
1915.8 OMBControlNumbersUnderthe
PaperworkReductionAct................................38
1915.9 ComplianceDutiesOwedtoEach
Employee............................................................38
SubpartB–ConfinedandEnclosed
SpacesandOtherDangerousAtmospheres
inShipyardEmployment..........................................39
1915.11 Scope,Application,andDefinitions
ApplicabletothisSubpart.............................39
1915.12 PrecautionsandtheOrderofTestingBefore
EnteringConfinedandEnclosedSpaces
andOtherDangerousAtmospheres.............42
S H I P Y A R D I N D U S T R Y
7
1915.13 CleaningandOtherColdWork.....................48
1915.14 HotWork............................................................51
1915.15 MaintenanceofSafeConditions..................53
1915.16 WarningSignsandLabels.............................54
APPENDIXAtoSUBPARTB–
ComplianceAssistanceGuidelinesfor
ConfinedandEnclosedSpacesand
OtherDangerousAtmospheres.....................................54
APPENDIXBtoSUBPARTB–
ReprintofU.S.CoastGuardRegulations
ReferencedinSubpartB,forDetermination
ofCoastGuardAuthorizedPersons..............................54
SubpartC–SurfacePreparationand
Preservation....................................................................55
1915.31 ScopeandApplicationofSubpart...............55
1915.32 ToxicCleaningSolvents.................................55
1915.33 ChemicalPaintandPreservative
Removers...........................................................55
1915.34 MechanicalPaintRemovers..........................56
1915.35 Painting..............................................................58
1915.36 FlammableLiquids.........................................61
SubpartD–Welding,CuttingandHeating........63
1915.51 VentilationandProtectionin
Welding,CuttingandHeating......................63
1915.53 Welding,CuttingandHeatingin
WayofPreservativeCoatings......................66
1915.54 Welding,CuttingandHeatingof
HollowMetalContainersandStructures
NotCoveredby§1915.12...............................68
1915.55 GasWeldingandCutting..............................69
1915.56 ArcWeldingandCutting...............................73
1915.57 UsesofFissionableMaterialin
ShipRepairingandShipbuilding.................76
SubpartE–Scaffolds,Laddersand
OtherWorking Surfaces..........................................77
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1915.71 ScaffoldsorStaging.......................................77
1915.72 Ladders..............................................................86
1915.73 GuardingofDeckOpeningsandEdges......89
1915.74 AccesstoVessels..............................................90
1915.75 AccesstoandGuardingofDryDocks
andMarineRailways.....................................92
1915.76 AccesstoCargoSpacesand
ConfinedSpaces............................................93
1915.77 Working Surfaces...........................................94
SubpartF–GeneralWorkingConditions.........96
1915.91 Housekeeping................................................96
1915.92 Illumination.................................................96
1915.93 Utilities..................................................98
1915.94 WorkinConfinedorIsolatedSpaces...........99
1915.95 ShipRepairingandShipbuildingWork
onorintheVicinityofRadarandRadio....99
1915.96 WorkinoronLifeboats................................99
1915.97 HealthandSanitation...................................100
1915.98 FirstAid...........................................................101
1915.100 RetentionofDOTMarkings,
Placards,andLabels...................................102
SubpartG–GearandEquipmentfor
RiggingandMaterialsHandling.....................103
1915.111 Inspection.......................................................103
1915.112 Ropes,ChainsandSlings...........................103
1915.113 ShacklesandHooks.....................................105
1915.114 ChainFallsandPull-Lifts.............................105
1915.115 HoistingandHaulingEquipment..............106
1915.116 UseofGear....................................................107
1915.117 QualificationsofOperators........................109
1915.118 Tables..............................................................109
1915.120 PoweredIndustrialTruck
OperatorTraining.........................................121
Subpart H –Tools and Related Equipment.....122
1915.131 GeneralPrecautions....................................122
1915.132 PortableElectricTools.................................123
1915.133 Hand Tools.....................................................123
S H I P Y A R D I N D U S T R Y
9
1915.134 AbrasiveWheels...........................................124
1915.135 PowderActuatedFasteningTools............126
1915.136 InternalCombustionEngines,
OtherThanShip’sEquipment...................127
SubpartI–PersonalProtectiveEquipment
(PPE)...............................................................129
1915.151 Scope,ApplicationandDefinitions..........129
1915.152 GeneralRequirements................................131
1915.153 EyeandFaceProtection.............................134
1915.154 RespiratoryProtection................................137
1915.155 HeadProtection............................................138
1915.156 FootProtection.............................................138
1915.157 HandandBodyProtection.........................139
1915.158 LifesavingEquipment.................................139
1915.159 PersonalFallArrestSystems(PFAS).......140
1915.160 PositioningDeviceSystems......................144
APPENDIXAtoSUBPARTI– ........................145
Non-MandatoryGuidelinesforHazard
Assessment,PersonalProtectiveEquipment
(PPE)Selection,andPPETrainingProgram
APPENDIXBtoSUBPARTI– ........................145
GeneralTestingConditionsandAdditional
GuidelinesforPersonalFallProtection
Systems(Non-Mandatory)
SubpartJ–Ship’sMachineryand
PipingSystems..............................................146
1915.161 ScopeandApplicationofSubpart...........146
1915.162 Ship’sBoilers.................................................146
1915.163 Ship’sPipingSystems.................................146
1915.164 Ship’sPropulsionMachinery.....................147
1915.165 Ship’sDeckMachinery................................148
SubpartK–Portable,UnfiredPressure
Vessels,DrumsandContainers,Other
ThanShip’sEquipment..................................149
1915.171 ScopeandApplicationofSubpart...........149
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1915.172 PortableAirReceiversandOther
UnfiredPressureVessels............................149
1915.173 DrumsandContainers................................150
SubpartL–ElectricalMachinery...................151
1915.181 ElectricalCircuitsandDistribution
Boards.............................................................151
SubpartsM-O[Reserved]...............................152
SubpartP–FireProtectionin
ShipyardEmployment....................................152
1915.501 GeneralProvisions.......................................152
1915.502 FireSafetyPlan.............................................153
1915.503 PrecautionsforHotWork...........................154
1915.504 FireWatches..................................................155
1915.505 FireResponse................................................157
1915.506 HazardsofFixedExtinguishingSystems
onBoardVesselsandVesselSections....163
1915.507 Land-SideFireProtectionSystems..........165
1915.508 Training...........................................................167
1915.509 DefinitionsApplicabletothisSubpart.....171
APPENDIXAtoSUBPARTPofPART1915– ..175
ModelFireSafetyPlan(Non-Mandatory)
SubpartQ-Y[Reserved].................................176
SubpartZ–ToxicandHazardous
Substances.....................................................176
1915.1000 AirContaminants.......................................176
1915.1001 Asbestos.......................................................199
1915.1002 CoalTarPitchVolatiles;
InterpretationofTerm...............................253
1915.1003 13Carcinogens(4-Nitrobiphenyl,etc.)..253
1915.1004 alpha-Naphthylamine...............................253
1915.1005 [Reserved]....................................................253
1915.1006 MethylChloromethylEther......................253
1915.1007 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidene(anditsSalts)...253
1915.1008 bis-ChloromethylEther.............................253
S H I P Y A R D I N D U S T R Y
1 1
1915.1009 beta-Naphthylamine..................................253
1915.1010 Benzidine.....................................................254
1915.1011 4-Aminodiphenyl.......................................254
1915.1012 Ethyleneimine.............................................254
1915.1013 beta-Propiolactone.....................................254
1915.1014 2-Acetylaminofluorene.............................254
1915.1015 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene.................254
1915.1016 N-Nitrosodimethylamine..........................254
1915.1017 VinylChloride..............................................254
1915.1018 Inorganic Arsenic.......................................254
1915.1020 AccesstoEmployeeExposure
andMedicalRecords.................................254
1915.1025 Lead...............................................................254
1915.1026 Chromium (VI)............................................254
1915.1027 Cadmium.....................................................267
1915.1028 Benzene........................................................267
1915.1030 BloodbornePathogens.............................267
1915.1044 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane...............267
1915.1045 Acrylonitrile.................................................267
1915.1047 Ethylene Oxide...........................................267
1915.1048 Formaldehyde.............................................267
1915.1050 Methylenedianiline....................................267
1915.1052 Methylene Chloride...................................267
1915.1200 HazardCommunication............................267
1915.1450 OccupationalExposuretoHazardous
ChemicalsinLaboratories......................267
OSHAAssistance.............................................268
OSHARegionalOffices..................................272
AUTHORITY:Section41,LongshoreandHarbor
Workers’CompensationAct(33U.S.C941);Sections
4,6,and8oftheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAct
of1970(29U.S.C.653,655,657);andSecretaryof
Labor’sOrderNos.12-71(36FR8754),8-76(41FR
25059),9-83(48FR35736),1-90(55FR9033),6-96(62
FR111),3-2000(62FR50017),or5-2002(67FR65008)
asapplicable.Sections1915.120and1915.152of29
CFRalsoissuedunder29CFRPart1911.
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Maritime Coverage under State Plans
Moststateswithfederallyapprovedsafetyandhealth
planshavechosennottoextendtheircoverageto
maritimeemployment.Inthosejurisdictions,only
stateandlocalgovernmentmaritimeemployeesare
coveredbytheState.FederalOSHAretainsresponsi-
bilityforallothermaritimecoverage.Afewstate
plans–California,Minnesota,Vermont,andWashing-
ton–includecoverageforprivatesectoronshore
maritimeemployees.Foramoredetailedsummary
ofmaritimecoverageunderparticularstateplans,
seealsoTitle29CodeofFederalRegulations,Part
1952.TheseregulationsandotherOSHAinformation
arealsoavailableonlineatwww.osha.gov.
Guidelines forWorkplace Safety
and Health Programs in the
Shipyard Industry
Dataandstudiesshowthateffectivemanagementof
workplacesafetyandhealthcansubstantiallyreduce
employeefatalities,injuries,andillnessesandthe
costsassociatedwiththem.Inresponse,manystates
haveregulationsandguidelinesonworkplacesafety
andhealthprograms(SHPs),alsocalledsafetyand
healthmanagementsystems(SHMS).Occupational
safetyandhealthorganizationsandprofessionalsas
wellasinsurancecompaniesalsohavesuchpro-
grams.Theseprogramsarecalledaccidentpreven-
tionprograms,injuryandillnessprevention
programs,andtotalqualitymanagementprograms.
Thissectioncontainsguidelinesforestablishingan
effectiveprogramformanagingworkplacesafetyand
healthintheshipyardindustry.TheMaritimeAdvi-
soryCommitteeforOccupationalSafetyandHealth
(MACOSH)forbothshipyards(SIC3731andNAICS
336611)andboatyards(SIC3732andNAICS336612)
developedtheguidelinesforOSHA.Accordingto
MACOSH,allworkplacesintheshipyardindustry
shouldhaveasafetyandhealthprogramregardless
ofthesizeoftheworkplaceorthenumberofhazards.
Theseguidelinesforestablishinganeffectivepro-
gramformanagingworkplacesafetyandhealth
applytoshipyardsandboatyards.
S H I P Y A R D I N D U S T R Y
1 3
Maritime Coverage under State Plans
Moststateswithfederallyapprovedsafetyandhealth
planshavechosennottoextendtheircoverageto
maritimeemployment.Inthosejurisdictions,only
stateandlocalgovernmentmaritimeemployeesare
coveredbytheState.FederalOSHAretainsresponsi-
bilityforallothermaritimecoverage.Afewstate
plans–California,Minnesota,Vermont,andWashing-
ton–includecoverageforprivatesectoronshore
maritimeemployees.Foramoredetailedsummary
ofmaritimecoverageunderparticularstateplans,
seealsoTitle29CodeofFederalRegulations,Part
1952.TheseregulationsandotherOSHAinformation
arealsoavailableonlineatwww.osha.gov.
Guidelines forWorkplace Safety
and Health Programs in the
Shipyard Industry
Dataandstudiesshowthateffectivemanagementof
workplacesafetyandhealthcansubstantiallyreduce
employeefatalities,injuries,andillnessesandthe
costsassociatedwiththem.Inresponse,manystates
haveregulationsandguidelinesonworkplacesafety
andhealthprograms(SHPs),alsocalledsafetyand
healthmanagementsystems(SHMS).Occupational
safetyandhealthorganizationsandprofessionalsas
wellasinsurancecompaniesalsohavesuchpro-
grams.Theseprogramsarecalledaccidentpreven-
tionprograms,injuryandillnessprevention
programs,andtotalqualitymanagementprograms.
Thissectioncontainsguidelinesforestablishingan
effectiveprogramformanagingworkplacesafetyand
healthintheshipyardindustry.TheMaritimeAdvi-
soryCommitteeforOccupationalSafetyandHealth
(MACOSH)forbothshipyards(SIC3731andNAICS
336611)andboatyards(SIC3732andNAICS336612)
developedtheguidelinesforOSHA.Accordingto
MACOSH,allworkplacesintheshipyardindustry
shouldhaveasafetyandhealthprogramregardless
ofthesizeoftheworkplaceorthenumberofhazards.
Theseguidelinesforestablishinganeffectivepro-
gramformanagingworkplacesafetyandhealth
applytoshipyardsandboatyards.
S H I P Y A R D I N D U S T R Y
1 3
BasicElements
Thefollowingbasicelementsareessentialforanef-
fectiveworkplacesafetyandhealthprogram:
(cid:1) ManagementCommitmentandLeadership
(cid:1) EmployeeParticipation
(cid:1) HazardIdentification,AssessmentandControl
(cid:1) AccidentandIncidentInvestigation
(cid:1) Training
(cid:1) ProgramEvaluation
(cid:1) Recordkeeping
(cid:1) ProceduresforMulti-EmployerWorkplaces
AreviewofSHPshasshownthemtobeeffectivein
reducingworkplaceinjuriesandillnesseswhenthe
basicelementslistedabovearepresentinsome
form.Theelementsareflexibleandperformance-
basedsotheycanbeadaptedtotheworkplacesize,
conditions,andthenatureofthehazardspresent.
Eachelementisdiscussedbelow.
ManagementCommitment
Theemployerneedstodemonstratecommitmentto
theworkplacesafetyandhealthprogram.Thereare
threebasicwaysinwhichtheemployercanshow
commitment:
(cid:1) Establishaworkplacepolicyandcultureonsafety
andhealth,
(cid:1) Definetheresponsibilitiesofsupervisoryandnon-
supervisoryemployeesformanagingsafetyand
healthattheworkplace,and
(cid:1) Provideappropriateauthorityandadequatere-
sourcestodevelopandcarryouttheprogram.
Managementcommitmentandleadershiparewidely
acceptedaspreconditionsforaneffectiveSHP.Anef-
fectiveSHPisdrivenfromthehighestlevelsoftheor-
ganizationdowntothefrontlineemployees.Such
leadershipprovidesthemotivatingforceandsetsthe
tonefortheentireprogram.Onlymanagementcan
assertandcontinuallyreaffirmthatemployeeprotec-
tionisafundamentalvalueoftheorganization,on
parwithotherorganizationalfunctionssuchaspro-
duction.Likewise,onlymanagementcanensurethat
theSHPisintegratedintothemanagementstructure
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
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