Table Of ContentVeerasamy Sejian · Raghavendra Bhatta
John Gaughan · Pradeep Kumar Malik
S.M.K. Naqvi · Rattan Lal Editors
Sheep
Production
Adapting to
Climate Change
Sheep Production Adapting to Climate
Change
Veerasamy Sejian • Raghavendra Bhatta
John Gaughan • Pradeep Kumar Malik
S.M.K. Naqvi • Rattan Lal
Editors
Sheep Production
Adapting to Climate
Change
Editors
Veerasamy Sejian Raghavendra Bhatta
Animal Physiology Division ICAR-National Institute of Animal
ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Nutrition and Physiology Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Pradeep Kumar Malik
John Gaughan Bioenergetics and Environmental Sciences
School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Division
The University of Queensland ICAR-National Institute of Animal
Gatton, QLD, Australia Nutrition and Physiology
Bangalore, Karnataka, India
S.M.K. Naqvi
Division of Physiology of Biochemistry Rattan Lal
ICAR-Central Sheep and Carbon Management and Sequestration
Wool Research Institute Centre, School of Environment
Avikanagar, Malpura, Rajasthan, India and Natural Resources
The Ohio State University
Columbus, OH, USA
ISBN 978-981-10-4713-8 ISBN 978-981-10-4714-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-4714-5
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017943538
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017
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Contents
1 Adapting Sheep Production to Climate Change .................................. 1
Veerasamy Sejian, Raghavendra Bhatta, John Gaughan,
Pradeep Kumar Malik, S.M.K. Naqvi, and Rattan Lal
2 Climate Change Impact on Sheep Production: Growth, Milk,
Wool, and Meat ....................................................................................... 31
G.R. Gowane, Y.P. Gadekar, Ved Prakash, Vinod Kadam,
Ashish Chopra, and L.L.L. Prince
3 Impact of Climate Change on Sheep Reproduction ............................ 71
Davendra Kumar, Kalyan De, Veerasamy Sejian,
and S.M.K. Naqvi
4 Climate Change Impact on Immune Response in Sheep .................... 95
Mariangela Caroprese, Maria Giovanna Ciliberti,
Marzia Albenzio, and Agostino Sevi
5 Adaptive Mechanisms of Sheep to Climate Change ............................ 117
Veerasamy Sejian, Iqbal Hyder, V.P. Maurya, M. Bagath,
G. Krishnan, Joy Aleena, P.R. Archana, Angela M. Lees,
Davendra Kumar, Raghavendra Bhatta,
and S.M.K. Naqvi
6 Sheep Genetic Diversity and Breed Differences
for Climate-Change Adaptation ............................................................ 149
Ahmed R. Elbeltagy
7 Climate Changes, Water Use and Survival During Severe
Water Deprivation ................................................................................... 173
S.M.K. Naqvi, Kalyan De,
Davendra Kumar, and Veerasamy Sejian
8 Projected Impacts of Climate Changes and Sustainability
of Sheep Production Systems ................................................................. 189
John Gaughan
v
vi Contents
9 Impact of Climate Change on Sheep Disease Occurrences
and Its Management ............................................................................... 197
G.B. Manjunathareddy, B. Sajjanar, and Veerasamy Sejian
10 Enteric Methane Emission in Sheep: Process Description
and Factors Influencing Production ...................................................... 209
N.M. Soren, Veerasamy Sejian, Megolhubino Terhuja,
and George Dominic
11 Alteration in Rumen Functions and Diet Digestibility During
Heat Stress in Sheep ................................................................................ 235
Iqbal Hyder, P. Ravi Kanth Reddy, Jakkula Raju, P. Manjari,
Ch. Srinivasa Prasad, K. Aswani Kumar, and Veerasamy Sejian
12 Methane Estimation Methodologies in Sheep ...................................... 267
Pradeep Kumar Malik, Bhoomika S. Bakshi, Veerasamy Sejian,
Patrik R. Zimmerman, M. Kurihara, and Raghavendra Bhatta
13 Enteric Methane Emission and Reduction Strategies in Sheep .......... 291
Raghavendra Bhatta, Pradeep Kumar Malik, and Veerasamy Sejian
14 Measurement of Severity of Heat Stress in Sheep ................................ 307
Veerasamy Sejian, G. Krishnan, M. Bagath, Shalini Vaswani,
Prathap Pragna, Joy Aleena, Angela M. Lees, V.P. Maurya,
and Raghavendra Bhatta
15 Biological Markers for Climate Change: Impact in Sheep ................. 319
Russell E. Lyons
16 Ideal Housing Systems for Sheep to Cope with Climate Change ....... 331
Kalyan De, Davendra Kumar, Palanisamy Thirumurugan,
Artabandhoo Sahoo, and S.M.K. Naqvi
17 Management Strategies to Reduce Heat Stress in Sheep .................... 349
Angela M. Lees, J.C. Lees, Veerasamy Sejian,
and John Gaughan
18 Nutritional Strategies to Alleviate Heat Stress in Sheep ..................... 371
F.R. Dunshea, P.A. Gonzalez-Rivas, A.T. Hung, K. DiGiacomo,
S.S. Chauhan, B.J. Leury, P.P. Celi, E.N. Ponnampalam,
and J.J. Cottrell
19 Significance of Body Condition Scoring System
to Optimize Sheep Production ............................................................... 389
V.P. Maurya, Veerasamy Sejian, Gyanendra Singh, H.A. Samad,
Vijay Domple, S.S. Dangi, Mihir Sarkar, Puneet Kumar,
and S.M.K. Naqvi
Contents vii
20 Adaptation Strategies to Counter Climate Change
Impact on Sheep ...................................................................................... 413
Veerasamy Sejian, Lipismita Samal, N.M. Soren, M. Bagath,
G. Krishnan, M.K. Vidya, P.R. Archana, Prathap Pragna,
Iqbal Hyder, V.P. Maurya, Miranda Y. Mortlock,
and Raghavendra Bhatta
21 Adapting Sheep Production to Changing Climate: Conclusions
and Researchable Priorities ................................................................... 431
Veerasamy Sejian, Raghavendra Bhatta, John Gaughan,
Pradeep Kumar Malik, S.M.K. Naqvi,
and Rattan Lal
Abbreviations
12WT Twelve-month live weight
3,4-DHP 3-Hydroxy-4-[1H]-pyridone
6WT Six-month live weight
9WT Nine-month live weight
A/G Albumin/globulin
ACACA Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha
ACTH Adrenocorticotropin hormone
ADF Acid detergent fibre
ADG Average daily gain
AHCS Automated head chamber system
AHCY Adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase
AHL Accumulated heat load
AHS Acute heat stress
ALA Alanine
ALT Alanine aminotransferase
AOPP Advanced oxidation protein products
AP2 Activating protein
ASIP Agouti signalling protein
AT Air temperature
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
AVA Arteriovenous anastomose
B Cells B lymphocytes
BAP Biological antioxidant potential
BCS Body condition score
BGHI Black globe-humidity index
BGT Black globe temperature
BGTHI Black globe temperature-humidity index
BLAST Basic local alignment search tool
BMEC Bovine mammary epithelial cells
BMP2 Bone morphogenetic protein 2
BTV Bluetongue virus
BW Body weight
BWT Birth weight
CASA Computer-assisted sperm analysis
ix
x Abbreviations
CBM Carbohydrate binding molecules
CC Climate change
CD4 Cluster of differentiation
CH Methane
4
Cl− Chloride
CL Corpus luteum
CLA Conjugated linoleic acid
CMAase Carboxymethyl cellulase
CN Casein
CO Carbon dioxide
2
CoA-SH Coenzyme A
CoB7SH N-7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate
CoB-SH Coenzyme B
CoM-SH Coenzyme M
CoM-S-S-CoB Heterodisulphide of CoM and CoB
COX-2 Cyclooxygenase
CP Crude protein
CPR Common property resources
Cr Chromium
CRH Corticotrophin-releasing hormone
CRISPR Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
CrPic Chromium picolinate
CSN3 Kappa casein
CSP Community sequencing programme
CSWRI Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute
CTs Condensed tannins
DAMPS Damage-associated molecular patterns
db Dry bulb temperature
DM Dry matter
DMI Dry matter intake
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DPT Dew point temperature
DTR Diurnal temperature range
Ech Energy-conserving hydrogenase
EHH Extended haplotype homozygosity
ENSO El Niño-Southern Oscillation
EOs Essential oils
EPA Eicosapentaenoic acid
ESI Environmental stress index
ETI Equivalent temperature index
EU European Union
EVHL Evaporative heat loss
EWS Early warning system
F Reducing hydrogenases
420
F H Reduced form coenzyme F
420 2 420
Abbreviations xi
FAANG Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes
FAD+ Flavin adenine dinucleotide (oxidised form)
FADH Flavin adenine dinucleotide (reduced form)
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FAOSTAT Food and Agriculture Organization Statistics
FB Feed blocks
Fdh Formate dehydrogenase
Fd Oxidised form of ferredoxin
ox
Fd Reduced form of ferredoxin
red
FE Facial eczema
FEC Faecal egg count
FGF 2 Fibroblast growth factor 2
FGF Fibroblast growth factor
Fmd Formyl-MFR dehydrogenase
FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone
Fst Allele frequency
Ftr Formyl-MFR:HMPT formyl-transferase
4
GCI Global comprehension index
GDP Gross domestic product
gEBV Genomic estimated breeding values
GH Growth hormone
GHG Greenhouse gases
GHGs Greenhouse gases
GIS Geographic information system
GIT Gastrointestinal tract
GLUT1 Glucose transporter 1
GLUT3 Glucose transporter 3
GNA13 Guanine nucleotide binding protein subunit alpha I3
GnRH Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
GOI Government of India
GOT Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
gp96 Glucose regulated protein 96
GPT Glutamic pyruvic transaminase
GPx Glutathione peroxidase
GRASS Grassland Regeneration and Sustainability Standard
GSH-Px Glutathione peroxidase
GTPase Guanosine triphosphate hydrolases
GWAS Genome-wide association study
GWP Global warming potential
H Hydrogen
2
HO Hydrogen peroxide
2 2
H MPT Tetrahydromethanopterin
4
Hb Haemoglobin
HCT Haematocrit
Hdr Heterodisulphide reductase
