Sheep and Goat Medicine

637 Pages·2011·30.21 MB·English

by  D. G. Pugh

Sheep Goat
and
Medicine
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Editors
D.G. Pugh,
DVM, MS
Diplomate, American College of Theriogenologists
Diplomate, American College of Veterinary Nutrition
SouthernTraxx Veterinary Services
Waverly, Alabama
A.N. Baird,
DVM, MS
Diplomate, American College of Veterinary Surgeons
Section Chief, Large Animal Surgery
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Purdue University, School of Veterinary Medicine
West Lafayette, Indiana
With 225 illustrations
3251 Riverport Lane
Maryland Heights, Missouri 63043 ISBN: 9781437723533
SHEEP AND GOAT MEDICINE
Copyright © 2012 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
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Notice
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or
appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures
featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended
dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the respon-
sibility of the practitioner, relying on their own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make
diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all
appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the [Editors/
Authors] [delete as appropriate] assumes any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or
property arising out of or related to any use of the material contained in this book.
The Publisher
Previous edition copyrighted 2002
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Sheep and goat medicine / editors, D.G. Pugh, A.N. Baird. -- 2nd ed.
p. ; cm.
Rev. ed. of: Sheep & goat medicine / edited by D.G. Pugh. c2002.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4377-2353-3 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Sheep--Diseases. 2. Goats--Diseases. I. Pugh, D. G. (David G.) II. Baird, A. N. (Aubrey Nickie)
III. Sheep & goat medicine.
[DNLM: 1. Sheep Diseases--therapy. 2. Goat Diseases--therapy. 3. Veterinary Medicine. SF 968]
SF968.S54 2012
636.3--dc23 2011018653
Vice President and Publisher: Linda Duncan
Publisher: Penny Rudolph
Acquisitions Editor: Teri Merchant
Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson
Project Manager: Sara Alsup
Design Direction: Teresa McBryan
Printed in
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To my parents, Terry and the late Jack Pugh, who struck the match
To my bride, soul mate, best friend, and love of my life, Jayne Moore Pugh,
who fans the flames
To my children, Rebekah, Natalie, Dylan, my grandchildren, Ella and Elijah,
and my sons-in-law, Aaron and Brent, all who keep the fire burning bright
And to the Lord, who has blessed me with so many wonderful opportunities
Keep the Faith
D.G. Pugh
To the memory of Aubrey and Arline, who taught me to always give my best and that with
opportunity comes responsibility. I can only hope to be as good at parenting as you were.
To Debra, my love and my life with whom I absolutely enjoy each step of life’s journey.
To Taylor, Tanner, and Kaycee, who give Debra and me so much enjoyment each day
and great reason to look forward to all the tomorrows.
And most important, may this work be, as all things, to the glory of God.
A.N. Baird
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Contributors
A. N. (Nickie) Baird, DVM, MS, DACVS Misty A. Edmondson, DVM, MS, DACT
Section Chief, Large Animal Surgery Assistant Professor
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences
School of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine
Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
Debra K. Baird, DVM, PhD, DACVR Virginia R. Fajt, DVM, PhD
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Clinical Assistant Professor
School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology
Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
Melanie J. Boileau, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Assistant Professor, Food Animal Medicine and Surgery Margi A. Gilmour, DVM, DACVO
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Associate Professor
Oklahoma State University Center for Veterinary Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Health Sciences Oklahoma State University Center for Veterinary
Stillwater, Oklahoma Health Sciences
Stillwater, Oklahoma
Stan Bychawski, DVM, Dipl ACT
Optimum Genetics Ltd. Jason W. Johnson, DVM, MS, DACT
Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada Clinical Sciences, Theriogenology
Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine
Fred Caldwell, DVM, DACVS Basseterre, St. Kitts
Department of Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine Meredyth Jones, DVM, MS, DACVIM-LA
Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama Clinical Assistant Professor
Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital
Christopher Cebra, VMD, MA, MS, DACVIM College of Veterinary Medicine
Department Head, Clinical Sciences Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
Ray M. Kaplan, DVM, PhD, DEVPC
Margaret Cebra, VMD, DACVIM Department of Infectious Diseases
Philomouth, Oregon College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
John A. Christian, DVM, PhD
Associate Professor of Clinical Biology Hui-Chu Lin, DVM, MS, DACVA
Laboratory Director Section Chief, Equine Medicine and Surgery
VTH Clinical Pathology Laboratory Department of Clinical Sciences
School of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine
Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
Elizabeth A. Coffman, DVM Matt D. Miesner, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital
College of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
vii
viii Contributors
James E. Miller, DVM, MPVM, PhD Laura K. Reilly, VMD, DACVIM
Professor, Department of Pathobiological Sciences New Bolton Center
College of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania
Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana Kennett Square, Pennsylvania
Seyedmehdi Mobini, DVM, MS, DACT Jerry R. Roberson, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
Professor and Head Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences
Department of Veterinary Science College of Veterinary Medicine
Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, Georgia The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
Dusty W. Nagy, DVM, PhD, DACVIM John F. Roberts, DVM, DACVP
Food Animal Medicine and Surgery Pathologist
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery Thompson-Bishop-Sparks Alabama State Diagnostic
College of Veterinary Medicine Laboratory
University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries
Auburn, Alabama
Christine B. Navarre, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Extension Veterinarian, LSU AgCenter Patty Scharko, DVM, MPH, DACVPM
Department of Veterinary Science Field/Extension Veterinarian
Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana Livestock Poultry Health
Clemson University, Columbia, South Carolina
Thomas Passler, DVM, DACVIM
Assistant Professor Kelly M. Still, DVM
Department of Clinical Sciences Visiting Instructor
College of Veterinary Medicine Food Supply Veterinary Services
Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine
College of Veterinary Medicine
Cassandra Plummer, DVM Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
Small Ruminant Medicine and Surgery, Theriogenology
College of Veterinary Medicine Debra Taylor, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa Department of Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine
Paul J. Plummer, DVM, DACVIM Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
Food Supply Veterinary Services
Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Paul H. Walz, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
College of Veterinary Medicine, Departments of Clinical Sciences and Pathobiology
Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa College of Veterinary Medicine
Auburn University, Alabama
D.G. Pugh, DVM, MS, DACT, DACVN
SouthernTraxx Veterinary Services Brian K. Whitlock, PhD, DVM, DACT
Waverly, Alabama Field Services
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences
Darrell L. Rankins Jr., MS, PhD College of Veterinary Medicine
Extension Specialist University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
Department of Animal Sciences
Auburn University, Alabama
Preface
In 2002, the first edition of the book Sheep and Goat The first edition of this text had an exceptional group
Medicine was published. That first edition was the of chapter authors. We made authorship changes only
culmination of two long years of writing and editing, because some of the original group were unavailable,
mixed daily with communications to the editorial staff as they had changed career directions. However, other
at Saunders and the great group of that book’s chapter authors did become available. From the first edition,
authors. It was a phenomenal experience. I benefited we asked Drs. Darrell Rankins, Jr., (Chapter 2: F eeding &
from the experience, learned a lot, and was sure I never, Nutrition), Debra Taylor (Chapter-3: Parenteral Nutrition),
ever wanted to edit or write that much of a textbook Christine Navarre (Chapter -5: GI System), Laura Reilly
ever again. The first edition was well received and suc- (Chapter 11: Musculoskeletal), Chris Cebra and Margaret
cessful. I received emails from US Army veterinarians in Cebra (Chapter 16: Multisystem Diseases, and Chapter 17:
Afghanistan and Iraq, veterinary missionaries from all Cardiovascular System), Hui-Chu Lin (Chapter 18: Anes-
over the world, and emails and phone calls from practi- thesia), Seyedmehdi Mobini (Chapter 19: Flock/Herd
tioners throughout North America, all who were using Health), and Virginia Fajt (Appendix I: Suggested Dosages)
the book on a daily basis. But I was determined never to to all re-write their original chapters. We enlisted
edit another book, or write that many words. In 2004 I Drs. Patty Scharko (Extension Veterinarian at Clemson
left my position as Professor of Large Animal Medicine University) and Jason Johnson (Theriogenologist at
at Auburn University to join an erudite group of profes- Ross University) to help Dr. Mobini with Chapter 19.
sionals, as a technical services veterinarian at Fort Dodge Dr. Hui-Chu Lin convinced Dr. Fred Caldwell to help us
Animal Health. During 2009, I was contacted by Teri with Chapter 18, and Dr. Baird recruited Dr. John Chris-
Merchant, a Managing Editor at Elsevier, about putting tian to review and update Appendix II.
together a 2nd edition of the book. Also in 2009, Pfizer In organizing the new edition, we felt we should
Animal Health purchased Fort Dodge Animal Health. make a few structural changes to the original edition.
My career path was going to change again, Ms. Jayne These included the addition of a stand-alone chapter
(my bride of 37 years) convinced me to revise the book. on fluid therapy and nutritional support (Chapter 3-
I agreed, but only after I persuaded my good friend and written by Drs. Walz and Taylor), a chapter on para-
colleague Dr. Nickie Baird to be the co-editor. I have site control (Chapter 6, Drs. Miller and Kaplan) and a
had the pleasure of being in practice twice, working chapter on Necropsy Procedures (Chapter 20-written
at 4 universities, and visiting countless schools over by Dr. Roberts). We also expanded the author list from
the past 30 years. I have never known a finer surgeon, 24 to 34. We were able to persuade folks from different
nor had a better friend than Dr. Nickie Baird. In mid parts of the USA and Canada help us as either chapter
March of 2009, we started laying out the new edition. authors or co-authors. The six years at Fort Dodge Animal
Nickie authored or co-authored two chapters outright. Health allowed me to travel and meet many outstanding
He edited and or wrote all the surgery throughout this folks. That experience greatly affected the authorship
edition of the book, and contributed, gathered, and col- of this second edition. While visiting the University of
lected more than half of the figures in the book. I could Missouri, Dr. Dusty Nagy and I were teaching handling
not have had a better partner in this process. Without and physical examination of sheep and goats to students
his tireless work, there would be no 2nd edition of Sheep from six veterinary colleges. After watching her explain
and Goat Medicine. As we went into the finishing stages physical examination, I knew we needed her involved in
of the book, I found myself working within a small this project. While I was at LSU, helping with a sheep/
ruminant private practice and as a veterinarian for an goat producer short course, I was able to talk Dr. Jim
ongoing research project at Auburn University. These Miller into being the primary author for the chapter
are both fun endeavors, but not conducive to writing- on parasite control. Dr. Miller in turn solicited the help
editing books. If Dr Baird had not been available, I fear of Dr. Ray Kaplan. Both men are two of my parasite
this project would have failed. gurus. During a visit to Iowa State for a small ruminant
ix