Sensory Physiology and Behavior

353 Pages·1975·9.506 MB·English

by  Amnon Ben-David (auth.), Rachel Galun, Peter Hillman, Itzhak Parnas, Robert Werman (eds.)

SENSORY
PHYSIOLOGY
AND BEHAVIOR
ADVANCES IN BEHAVIORAL BIOLOGY
Editorial Board:
Jan Bures Institute of Physiology, Prague, Czechoslovakia
Irwin Kopin National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
Bruce McEwen Rockefeller University, New York, New York
James McGaugh University of California, Irvine, California
Karl Pribram Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
Jay Rosenblatt Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey
Lawrence Weiskrantz University of Oxford, Oxford, England
Recent Volumes in this Series
Volume 5 • INTERDISCIPLINARY INVESTIGATION OF THE BRAIN
Edited by J. P. Nicholson' 1972
Volume 6 • PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND AGING
Edited by Carl Eisdorfer and William E. Fann • 1973
Volume 7' CONTROL OF POSTURE AND LOCOMOTION
Edited by R. B. Stein, K. G. Pearson, R. S. Smith,
and J. B. Redford' 1973
Volume 8 • DRUGS AND THE DEVELOPING BRAIN
Edited by Antonia Vernadakis and Norman Weiner' 1974
Volume 9 • PERSPECTIVES IN PRIMATE BIOLOGY
Edited by A. B. Chiarelli· 1974
Volume 10' NEUROHUMORAL CODING OF BRAIN FUNCTION
Edited by R. D. Myers and Rene Raal Drucker-Colfn • 1974
Volume 11· REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR
Edited by William Montagna and William A. Sadler· 1974
Volume 12· THE NEUROPSYCHOLOGY OF AGGRESSION
Edited by Richard E. Whalen' 1974
Volume 13' ANEURAL ORGANISMS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
Edited by Edward M. Eisenstein' 1975
Volume 14' NUTRITION AND MENTAL FUNCTIONS
Edited by George Serban ·1975
Volume 15' SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR
Edited by Rachel Galun, Peter Hillman, Itzhak Parnas,
and Robert Werman' 1975
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SENSORY
PHYSIOLOGY
AND BEHAVIOR
Edited by
Rachel Galun
Department of Entomology
Israel Institute for Biological Research
Ness-Ziona, Israel
and
Peter Hillman, Itzhak Parnas,
and Robert Werman
Unit of Neurobiology
I nstitute of Life Sciences
Hebrew University
Jerusalem
PLENUM PRESS· NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
"Oholo" Biological Conference on Sensory Physiology and Behavior, 19th,
Ma'alot, Israel, 1974.
Sensory physiology and behavior.
(Advances in behavioral biology; v. 15)
Includes bibliographies and index.
1. Senses and sensation-Congresses. 2. Neuropsychology-Congresses. I. Galun,
Rachel, 1926- II. Title.
OP431.0371974 591.1'82 75-14130
ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-3080-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-3078-3
001: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3078-3
Technical Editor:
Myra Kaye
Israel I nstitute for Biological Research
Ness-Ziona, Israel
Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual "OHOLO" Biological Conference
on Sensory Physiology and Behavior, held in Maalot, Israel,
March 26-29, 1974
© 1975 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1975
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011
United Kingdom edition published by Plenum Press, London
A Division of Plenum Publishing Company, Ltd.
Davis House (4th Flood, 8 Scrubs Lane, Harlesden, London, NW10 6SE, England
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
Organizing Committee
DR. YAACOV ASHANI, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness
Ziona
DR. AMNON BEN-DAVID, Israel Institute for Biological Research,
Ness-Ziona
DR. RUTH CORETT, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness
Ziona
PROF. ANDRE DE VRIES, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv
PROF. ROBERT GOLDWASSER, Israel Institute for Biological Research,
Ness-Ziona
PROF. NATHAN GROSSOWICZ, Hebrew University, Jerusalem
PROF. ALEXANDER KEYNAN, Hebrew University, Jerusalem
PROF. MARCUS A. KLINGBERG, Israel Institute for Biological Research,
Ness-Ziona
PROF. ALEXANDER KOHN, Israel Institute for Biological Research,
Ness-Ziona
PROF. HENRY NEUFELD, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer,
Tel-Aviv University Medical School and Ministry of Health,
Tel-Aviv
PROF. MICHAEL SELA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
v
Preface
In a recent book Arthur Koestler describes very cynically the
superfluity of scientific meetings. He lists the various gatherings
that are going to take place in one brief summer season in the Kon
gresshaus of a small Swiss village, ending the long list with three
interdisciplinary symposia, titles of which contain the three words
"Environment", "Pollution", and "Future" in three different permu
tations. By the same token, Koestler could list endlessly meetings
on sensory physiology and behaviour or their synonyms, which have
taken place allover the world on the national or international level
in recent years.
The organizing committee of the Oholo conferences was very well
aware of this situation when the topic for the 19th Conference was
selected. However this field is relatively new in Israel - only in
the last decade were several teams established in this country to
carry out combined studies on sensory physiology and behaviour.
They attracted ever-increasing numbers of students of zoology, phy
siology, medicine and psychology. The committee thought that the
time was ripe to bring the Israeli students and scientists together
with noted investigators from allover the world, to discuss and
analyse the state of the art.
The Conference dealt with processing of information obtained
through the various senses: visual, auditory, tactile, as well as
the olfactory and gastatory senses.
More complex behavioural patterns were also analysed.
No attempt was made to relate these findings to human behaviour,
although the act of terror which took place in Maalot, the site of
this Conference, only several weeks after the meeting, may call for
better understanding of human behaviour. We would like to perpetuate
in this volume the memory of the 20 innocent schoolchildren who were
killed in Maalot in May, 1974.
vii
viii PREFACE
The editors gladly take this opportunity of expressing their
thanks to the members of the program and organizing committees for
their devoted work; to the members of the staff of the Israel Insti
tute for Biological Research who gave so freely of their time, both
outside and inside working hours; and to Mrs. Helen Bar-Lev for her
skilled technical preparation of the manuscript of this book for
printing.
No less thanks go to the participants, those from Israel and
our guests from abroad, for making the Conference such a memorable
and stimulating occasion. We especially are grateful to the Sessions
Chairmen and the Moderator of the Round Table discussion.
We also wish to thank the management and staff of the Guest
House at Maalot for their hospitality and care.
Finally, we are greatly indebted to the U.S. Army, European
Research Office, for a grant in support of this Meeting.
Rachel Galun,
On behalf of the Editors
Contents
Welcoming Address . . . . 3
Amnon Ben-David
Developmental Plasticity in the Cat's Visual Cortex. . . .. 5
c. Blakemore
Visual Information Processing: The Many-Splendored
Photoreceptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Peter Hillman and Menachem Hanani
Physiological Responses and Functional Architecture
of the Monkey Visual Cortex . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
D. Hubel
The Question of Variation in Transmission in the
Visual Pathway as a Result of Attention to an
Auditory or a Visual Stimulus . . . . . 25
G. Horn
Retinal and Cortical Changes in the Visual System
of Pattern-Deprived Rats ......... . 41
U. Yinon, C. Shaw and E. Auerbach
Sensory and Neuronal Mechanisms Underlying Acoustic
Communication in Orthopteran Insects . . . . . . . 55
Franz Huber
Neural Transactions during Acoustic Stimulation
of Noctuid Moths . . . . . . . . . . . . • 99
K.D. Roeder
Speculations on a Neural Substrate for Immediate
Memory .................... . 117
Moshe Abeles, Yaakov Assaff, Yehezkel Gottlieb,
Yehiel Hodis and Eilon Vaadia
Electrophysiological and Psychophysical
Correlations in the Auditory System of Man 127
H. Sohmer and H. Pratt
ix
x CONTENTS
Insect Mechanoreceptor Mechanisms 135
M.J. Rice
Are Connections Stable in the Adult Mammalian
Brain? . 167
Patrick D. Wall
Pheromone Communication in Moths and Butterflies . . . . .. 173
Dietrich Schneider
Chemoreception and Selection of Oviposition
Sites by Phytophagous Insects . . . . . . . 195
S. Gothilf
Taste Receptors 201
Lloyd Beidler
Behavioral Aspects of Chemoreception in Blood
Sucking Invertebrates . . . . . • . . • • . . 211
Rachel Galun
On the Evolution of Receptors Associated with
Feeding . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . 223
Howard M. Lenhoff
Behavioral Regulation of Biochemical and
Physiological Properties of Identified Neurons 237
Harold Gainer
Long-Lasting Changes in the Activity of a
Bursting Neurone Produced by Specific Synaptic
Inputs .................. . 275
I. Parnas
Mechanisms and Functions of Electrically Mediated
Inhibition in the Vertebrate Central Nervous
System • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
H. Korn and D.S. Faber
The Role of Electrotonic Synapses in the Control
of Behaviour . . . . 307
M.E. Spira
Analysis of Single Gene Sex Linked Behavioral
Mutants in Drosophila Melanogaster . . . . . 321
D. Dagan, W.D. Kaplan and K. Ikeda
List of Participants 341
Subject Index 345
SENSORY
PHYSIOLOGY
AND BEHAVIOR