Sedation: A Guide to Patient Management, 6e

1274 Pages·2017·22.05 MB·English

by  Stanley F. Malamed DDS

Sedation
A GUIDE TO PATIENT
MANAGEMENT
SIXTH EDITION
Stanley F. Malamed, DDS
Emeritus Professor of Anesthesia and Medicine
School of Dentistry
University of Southern California
Los Angeles, California
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Table of Contents
Cover image
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Preface
Reference
About This Book
Acknowledgments
Sedation in Dentistry: A Historic Perspective
References
Section I Introduction
Chapter 1 Pain and Anxiety in Dentistry
Basic Fears
Dental Fears
References
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Section II Spectrum of Pain and Anxiety Control
Introduction
Reference
Chapter 2 Introduction to Sedation
Definitions
The Concept of “Rescue”
Summary
References
Chapter 3 The Spectrum of Pain and Anxiety Control
No Anesthesia
Iatrosedation
Other Nondrug Psychosedative Techniques
Routes of Drug Administration
General Anesthesia
References
Chapter 4 Physical and Psychological Evaluation
Goals of Physical and Psychological Evaluation
Physical Evaluation
Recognition of Anxiety
Determination of Medical Risk
Physical Status Classification System
Stress-Reduction Protocols
References
Chapter 5 Monitoring During Sedation
Routine Preoperative Monitoring
Recordkeeping
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References
Chapter 6 Nondrug Techniques
Iatrosedation
Hypnosis
Summary
References
Section III Oral, Rectal, and Intramuscular Sedation
Introduction
Chapter 7 Oral Sedation
Advantages
Disadvantages
Rationale for Use
Drugs
Antianxiety Drugs
Sedative-Hypnotics
Histamine (H ) Blockers (Antihistamines)
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Opioids (Narcotics)
The Oral Sedation Appointment—Adult Patient
Summary
References
Chapter 8 Rectal Sedation
Advantages
Disadvantages
Drugs
Complications of Rectal Administration
Summary
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References
Chapter 9 Sublingual, Transdermal, and Intranasal Sedation
Sublingual Sedation
Summary (Sublingual Sedation)
Transdermal Sedation
Summary (Transdermal Sedation)
Intranasal Sedation
Summary (Intranasal Sedation)
References
Chapter 10 Intramuscular Sedation
Submucosal Sedation
Sites of Intramuscular Drug Administration
Armamentarium
Technique
Complications
Determination of Dosage
Drugs
Summary
References
Section IV Inhalation Sedation
Introduction
References
Chapter 11 Inhalation Sedation
Beginnings (Pre-1844)
The Early Days (1844–1862)
Anesthesia Develops (1863–1898)
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The Twentieth Century
Modern Times (1950–Present)
References
Chapter 12 Inhalation Sedation
Advantages
Disadvantages
Indications
Contraindications
Restorative Dentistry
Periodontics and Dental Hygiene
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Endodontics
Fixed Prosthodontics
Removable Prosthodontics
Oral Radiology
Orthodontics
Pediatric Dentistry
References
Chapter 13 Pharmacology, Anatomy, and Physiology
Pharmacology
Anatomy
Physiology
References
Chapter 14 Inhalation Sedation Equipment
Types of Inhalation Sedation Units
Safety Features
Available Inhalation Sedation Units
References
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Chapter 15 Inhalation Sedation
General Description
Administration
Comparison of Techniques of Administration
Normal Distribution Curve
Titration and Time
Signs and Symptoms of Oversedation
References
Chapter 16 Inhalation Sedation
Inadequate or Incomplete Sedation
Poor Patient Experience
Equipment Performance
Complications
Managing Complications
References
Chapter 17 Contemporary Issues Surrounding Nitrous Oxide
Potential Biohazards From Long-Term Exposure to Trace Anesthetic Gas
Recreational Abuse of Nitrous Oxide
Sexual Phenomenon and Nitrous Oxide and Other Sedation Techniques
References
Chapter 18 Practical Considerations
Determination of Proper Titration at Subsequent Visits
Poor Patient Evaluation
Patient Unattended During Sedation
Improper Recovery Procedures
Postsedation Nausea, Headache, and Lethargy
Who Administers Nitrous Oxide?
Equipment
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References
Chapter 19 Teaching Inhalation Sedation
2016 Guidelines – General Principles of Minimal Sedation
Inhalation Sedation (Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen)
2016 Guidelines for the Use of Sedation and General Anesthesia by Dentists
References
Section V Intravenous Sedation
Introduction
References
Chapter 20 Intravenous Sedation
The Early Days
The 1800S
The 1900S
References
Chapter 21 Intravenous Moderate Sedation
Advantages
Disadvantages
Contraindications
Indications
References
Chapter 22 Armamentarium
Intravenous Drug Administration
Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Methods
Intravenous Infusion Solution
Intravenous Administration Set
Needles
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Other Items
References
Chapter 23 Anatomy for Venipuncture
Arteries of the Upper Limb
Veins of the Upper Limb
Anatomy
Selection of Venipuncture Site
Recommended Sites for Venipuncture
References
Chapter 24 Venipuncture Technique
Preparation of Equipment
Preparation for Venipuncture
Indwelling Catheter
Winged Infusion Set
Hollow Metal Needle
Venipuncture Technique
Terminating the Intravenous Infusion
References
Chapter 25 Pharmacology
Benzodiazepines
Summary
Barbiturates
Summary
Histamine Blockers (Antihistaminics)
Summary
Propofol
Opioid Analgesics
Opioid Agonists
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