Security within CONASENSE Paragon

230 Pages·2019·23.116 MB·English

by  Ligthart, Leo P., Prasad, Ramjee

River Publishers Series in Communications
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Ramjee Prasad and Leo P. Ligthart (Editors)
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Security within CONASENSE Paragon describes particularly a
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River Publishers River Conasense River Publishers
Security within
CONASENSE Paragon
RIVER PUBLISHERS SERIES IN COMMUNICATIONS
SeriesEditors
ABBASJAMALIPOUR JUNSHANZHANG
TheUniversityofSydney ArizonaStateUniversity
Australia USA
MARINARUGGIERI
UniversityofRomeTorVergata
Italy
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Security within
CONASENSE Paragon
Editors
Ramjee Prasad
CTIFGlobalCapsule(CGC)
AarhusUniversity
Denmark
and
GlobalICTStandardizationForumforIndia(GISFI)
Leo P. Ligthart
CONASENSE
TheNetherlands
River Publishers
Published,soldanddistributedby:
RiverPublishers
Alsbjergvej10
9260Gistrup
Denmark
RiverPublishers
LangeGeer44
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Tel.:[phone]
www.riverpublishers.com
ISBN:978-87-7022-092-7(Hardback)
978-87-7022-091-0(Ebook)
(cid:13)c2019RiverPublishers
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin
aretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,mechanical,
photocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionof
thepublishers.
Contents
Preface xi
ListofContributors xv
ListofFigures xvii
ListofTables xix
ListofAbbreviations xxi
1 CyberSecurity-TheEssenceofCONASENSE 1
VandanaMilindRohokaleandRamjeePrasad
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 KnownCyberAttacksRelatedtoCONASENSE . . . . . . 3
1.3 CyberThreatstoCONASENSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.4 CyberSecurityStandardsRelatedtoCONASENSE . . . . . 6
1.5 CONASENSECyberSecurityFramework . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.6 ConclusionsandFutureScope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2 LayeredNetworkSecurityforEfficientDataAggregation
inCONASENSE 11
DnyaneshwarS.MantriandRamjeePrasad
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2 EssentialRequirementsofLayeredNetworkSecurity . . . . 14
2.2.1 ProtocolStackusedbySensorNetwork . . . . . . . 15
2.2.2 SecureNetworkDesignIssuesinCONASENSE . . 18
2.3 SecureDataAggregationsinCONASENSE . . . . . . . . . 20
2.3.1 DataAggregationModel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
v
vi Contents
2.3.2 OpenIssuesandPerformanceMetricsinData
Aggregation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.3.3 DataAggregationMethods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.4 SecurityModelsinCONASENSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.4.1 LayeredNetworkModel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.4.2 ThreatsinLayeredNetworkSecurity(LNS) . . . . . 29
2.4.3 LayeredSecurityControls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.4.4 Security,AttackandAggregationModel . . . . . . . 30
2.5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3 ReliableandSecureLPWANCommunicationin
InterferenceEnvironments 35
ViktorStoynov,DimitriyaMihaylova,ZlatkaValkova-Jarvis,
GeorgiIlievandVladimirPoulkov
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.2 LPWANApplicationsandUnresolvedChallenges . . . . . 36
3.3 UnintentionalInterferenceManagementinLPWANs . . . . 44
3.4 PhysicalLayerSecurityMethodsforJammingSuppression 47
3.4.1 SpreadSpectrumTechniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.4.2 Non-adaptiveJammingFiltering . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.4.3 AdaptiveJammingFiltering . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.4.4 ComparisonofthePhysicalLayerMethodsfor
JammingSuppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4 DataAnalyticsforSecuringtheSmartGrid 59
SarmisthaDeDuttaandRamjeePrasad
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.2 SmartGridandCyberAttacksonEnergySector . . . . . . 61
4.3 DataAnalyticsPlatformsfortheSmartGrid . . . . . . . . . 67
4.3.1 ConsumerAnalytics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
4.4 SecurityAnalyticsfortheSmartGrid . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
4.5 CloudComputingandSecurityAnalyticsforSmartGrid . . 71
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Contents vii
5 EM-BasedDrone-Detection/IdentificationforSafetyPurposes 75
ErnestinaCianca,SimoneDiDomenico,MauroDeSanctisand
TommasoRossi
5.1 DroneDetectionApproaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
6 UAVCommunicationNetworks:Problemsand
PossibleSolutions 85
HomayounNikookar
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
6.1.1 UAVCommunicationNetworks . . . . . . . . . . . 85
6.1.2 ResearchQuestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
6.2 Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.3 Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.3.1 AircraftAltitudeandMobility . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.3.2 ChangingTopology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.3.3 ClockSynchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.3.4 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.4 Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.4.1 AircraftAltitudeandMobility . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.4.2 ChangingTopology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
6.4.2.1 Clusterbased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
6.4.2.2 Dynamicsourceprotocol . . . . . . . . . . 90
6.4.3 ClockSynchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
6.4.4 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.5 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.5.1 AircraftAltitudeandMobility . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.5.2 ChangingTopology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
6.5.3 ClockSynchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
6.5.4 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
6.6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
7 MovingObjectDetection:DeepLearningApproachwith
SecurityChallenges 95
ShivprasadP.PatilandRamjeePrasad
7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
7.2 BackgroundSubtraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
7.3 DeepLearning(DL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
viii Contents
7.3.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
7.3.2 DLandObjectDetection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
7.4 SecurityAspectsofDeepLearning . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
7.4.1 AdversarialAttacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
7.4.2 DataPoisoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7.4.3 DataPrivacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
8 TheNetworkNeutralityinServiceInnovationEra 105
YapengWangandRamjeePrasad
8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
8.1.1 NN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
8.1.2 InnovativeServices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
8.1.3 CONASENSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
8.2 TheNetworkNeutrality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
8.2.1 TheConceptNN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
8.2.2 ThePrinciplesofNN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
8.2.3 TheStateoftheArtofNN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
8.2.4 HistoryofNN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
8.2.5 TheAnalysisofAbolitionofNN. . . . . . . . . . . 111
8.2.6 CurrentDiscussionofNN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
8.2.6.1 Serviceinnovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
8.2.6.2 Theinvestmentonthenetwork
infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
8.2.6.3 Themanagementofinternettrafficby
internetserviceprovidersandwhat
constitutesreasonabletrafficmanagement . 113
8.3 CONASENSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
8.4 NetworkNeutralityImpactonCONASENSEService
Innovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
8.4.1 FromSocialandEconomicAspect . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.4.2 TheInfluenceofNNAbolition . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.4.3 ImpactonIndustry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
8.4.4 ImpactonCONASENSEServices . . . . . . . . . . 120
8.5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Contents ix
9 EnablingSecuritythroughDigitalizationandBusiness
ModelInnovation 125
AlbenaMihovska,PeterLindgrenandSofoklisA.Kyriazakos
9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
9.1.1 EnablingTechnologiesforDigitalization . . . . . . 126
9.1.2 DigitalizationandImpactonBusinessModels . . . 129
9.1.3 SecurityChallengesintheDigitalEconomyEra . . 130
9.2 CaseStudiesforValueCo-CreationThroughDigitalization . 131
9.2.1 Healthcare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
9.2.1.1 Monitoringofpatients . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
9.2.1.2 DigitalizingTOKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
9.2.1.3 ICT-basedrehabilitation . . . . . . . . . . . 135
9.2.2 SmartMeteringSolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
9.2.3 Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
9.3 Digitialization,CybersecurityandBusinessModel
Innovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
9.4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
10 SecurePositioningandNavigationwithGNSS 145
NicolaLaurentiandSilviaCeccato
10.1 BasicsofGNSSPositioningandNavigation . . . . . . . . . 145
10.2 ThreatsandAttackScenarios. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
10.2.1 ApplicationContextsforSecureGNSSPositioning . 147
10.2.2 LocationBasedServices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
10.2.3 Jamming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
10.2.4 Spoofing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
10.2.5 Self-attacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
10.3 NavigationMessageAuthentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
10.4 CryptographicIntegrityoftheNavigationSignal . . . . . . 155
10.4.1 SignalWatermarking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
10.4.2 PartialSpreadingCodeEncryption . . . . . . . . . . 155
10.5 IntegrityVerificationwithSideInformation . . . . . . . . . 157
10.5.1 BinaryHypothesisTesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
10.5.2 UseofInertialMeasurementSystems . . . . . . . . 160
10.5.3 UseofVisualData . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163