Security, Trade, and Environmental Policy: A US/European Union Transatlantic Agenda

292 Pages·2000·6.28 MB·English

by  Charles F. Bonser (auth.)

SECURITY, TRADE, AND
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
A USlEuropean Union Transatlantic Agenda
SECURITY,TRADE,AND
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
A USlEuropean Union Transatlantic Agenda
edited by
Charles Bonser
Indiana University
~.
"
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Security, trade, and environmental policy : a US/European Union
transatlantic agenda / edited by Charles Bonser.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 978-1-4613-6979-0 ISBN 978-1-4615-4399-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-4399-2
1. Security, International. 2. International economic relations. 3.
Environmental protection--International cooperation. 4. United States-
Foreign relations--European Union countries. 5. European Union
countries--Foreign relations--U nited States. 1. Bonser, Charles F.
JZ5588 .S43 2000
327.7304--dc21 99-085693
Copyright © 2000 by Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by KIuwer Academic Publishers in 2000
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 2000
AlI rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical,
photo-copying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permis sion of
the publisher, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Printed on acid-free pap er.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD: BACKGROUND OF PROJECT xi
Charles F. Bonser, Editor
Dean Emeritus
School of Public and Environmental Affairs
Indiana University, Bloomington
SECTION I: INTERNATIONAL SECURITY ISSUES FOR THE
EUROPEAN UNION AND THE UNITED STATES
Introduction 3
Charles F. Bonser
U.S.lEuropean Security Policy for the 21st Century 23
Senator Richard G. Lugar
United States Senator from Indiana
Defining the New World Order 37
Lawrence Korb
Vice President, Council on Foreign Relations
New York, New York
The U.S'/European Security Agenda in the New Millenium 43
Gilles Andreani
Director, Center for Analysis and Forecasting
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Paris, France
vi Security, Trade, and Environmental Policy
NATO in Transition 49
Lt. General Thomas M. Montgomery
U.S. Military Representative to the
NATO Military Committee (1994-1998)
Brussels, Belgium
The EUIWEU Role in European Security 55
Guido Lenzi, Director Institute for Security Studies,
Western European Union (WEU)
Brussels, Belgium
Challenges for Europe in the New Century: A German Perspective 59
Colonel Jens Zimmerman
Federal Ministry of Defense
Bonn, Germany
Dimensions of Change in the Post-Cold War World 63
Ambassador Marshall Brement
Chair of Security Studies, George C. Marshall Center
Garmish, Germany
Non-Military Threats to the Alliance 73
Eric Danon
Former Deputy Director for Security Affairs,
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Paris, France
The Changing World Paradigm and the U.S'/European Agenda 77
Immo Stabreit
German Ambassador to France
Paris, France
Assumptions About the U.S., the EU, NATO,
and their Impact on the Transatlantic Agenda 81
Stanley Sloan
Senior Specialist, Congressional Research Service,
U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Transatlantic Relations in the New Century 87
Senator Xavier de Villepin
President, Senate Commission on Foreign Affairs,
Defense and Armed Forces
Paris, France
CONTENTS vii
Strengthening the Transatlantic Dialog 93
Senator Paul Girod
Vice President Senate
Paris, France
SECTION II: THE NEXT GENERATION OF
U.SJEU WORLD TRADE POLICY
Introduction 99
Charles F. Bonser
The Future of World Politics of Commerce 111
Ambassador Jean-Daniel Tordjman
Ambassador at Large, Special Representative of France
for International Investment
Paris, France
The Next Generation of World Trade Policy Development 119
Geza Feketekuty
Director, Center for Trade Commercial Diplomacy,
Monterey Institute of International Studies, Monterey, California
Objectives and Priorities of the EU in Transatlantic Relations 125
Senator Jean Fran~ois Poncet
President, Senate Commission on Economic Affairs and Planning
Paris, France
Domestic and International Economic Policy Convergence 137
Ambassador John Weekes
Permanent Representative of Canada to the United Nations and
Other International Organizations at Geneva, Switzerland
The European Geo-Strategic Plan and the American Partnership 143
Yves Boyer
Deputy Director, Foundation for Strategic Research
Paris, France
SECTION III: GLOBALIZATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Introduction 151
Charles F. Bonser
viii Security, Trade, and Environmental Policy
Globalization and Sustainable Development-
Toward a Transatlantic Agenda 161
Nigel Roome
Professor of Environmental Management, Erasmus University
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Globalization and the Environment: The Limits of the Law 187
Jeffrey L. Dunoff,
Associate Professor of Law
Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Jurisprudence in the GATT and the Environment Debate 201
Kilian Delbriick
Federal Ministry for the Environment
Berlin, Germany
Voluntary Environmental Management Systems and Regulatory Relief 207
Eberhard Bohne
Professor, Speyer National School of Administrative Sciences
Speyer, Germany
Voluntary Environmental Management Systems in the French Context 219
Marc A viam, Ministry of the Environment
Paris, France
ISO 14001: Real World Implementation and Status 225
Randy Dougherty
Vice President, NSF International
Ann Arbor, Michigan
The Effectiveness of Instruments for Environmental Policies
in the Industry: Regulating Packaging Waste 233
Arthur Ringeling, Professor
Monique Hozee, Research Associate
Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Voluntary Approaches to Environmental Protection 259
Thomas P. Lyon, Associate Professor
John Maxwell,Assistant Professor
Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, Bloomington
CONTENTS ix
Companies Perception of Environmental Issues 267
Stefania Borghini
Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei
Milan, Italy
Pollution Havens and Industrial Flight: Weighing the Evidence 271
Matthew Auer
Associate Professor, School of Public and Environmental Affairs
Indiana University, Bloomington
Pollution Havens: A Korean Case Study 277
Roy Shin
Professor, School of Public and Environmental Affairs,
Indiana University, Bloomington
A German Perspective on Globalization and Pollution Havens 283
Wolfgang Hass
Ministry of Economics
Berlin, Germany
Overcoming U.S.lEU Obstacles to Trade/Environmental Cooperation 287
Montserrat Cuchillo
Professor, University Pompeu Fabra
Barcelona, Spain
U.S.lEuropean Environmental Cooperation 291
Hilary French
Worldwatch Institute
Washington, D.C.
FOREWORD: BACKGROUND OF PROJECT
The end of the 20th century finds the Atlantic Alliance partners in evolution
toward a new relationship in the key policy arenas of regional and international
security, international trade and competition, and the need to deal effectively
with environmental and public health problems associated with an expanding
global marketplace. The problems associated with these issues has no doubt put
a strain on relations between Europe and North America. This has been
exacerbated by internal preoccupations on both continents that have reduced
communication opportunities, and led to misunderstandings on both sides of the
Atlantic. It is clear to both the leadership of the European Union and the United
States that this potential estrangement is not in the interests of either continent.
In response to this situation, in December 1995, the Clinton Administration
and the European Union initiated a series of efforts under the framework of a
"New Transatlantic Agenda." The purpose of these efforts was to strengthen the
communication and ties between the EU and the United States in a variety of
functional areas. The effort has been largely successful in improving the
situation. While agreements may not always be forthcoming, at least
communications are more open.
In an effort to contribute to this dialog, in the summer of 1997, the Indiana
University School of Public and Environmental Affairs (SPEA), as part of its
25th Anniversary Celebration, co-sponsored an international conference on
transatlantic public policy issues with the Ecole Nationale d' Administration
(ENA) in Paris, France. The themes of the conference were, "Development and
Security Issues for the EU and the U.S. in the 21"1 century" and "The Next
Generation of World Trade Issues." In addition to members of our own faculty
and staff, we included several content experts and public policy leaders in the
program from both Europe and the United States.
Security, Trade, and Environmental Policy
The conference was quite successful, and many of the participants argued
strongly that we should continue this type of joint activity on transatlantic policy
issues. As a result, SPEA and ENA developed a plan that would continue these
programs, but that would bring several other public policy/administration
academic programs in Europe and the U.S. into the process.
A second colloquium on transatlantic issues was held at Indiana University
in Bloomington, Indiana, September 3D-October 2, 1998. This time the topic
was: "Globalization and the Environment." Participating in that colloquium, in
addition to ENA and SPEA, were: the German government's Bundesakademie
(Bonn, Germany); the University Pompeu Fabra (Barcelona); the National
School of Administrative Sciences (Speyer, Germany); the Netherlands School
of Government; the Erasmus University School of Social Sciences
(Netherlands); the Instituto Nacional de Administracao (Lisbon, Portugal); and
the Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (Milan, Italy). Once again, the participants
included both faculty and outside experts from the various countries involved.
The style of this colloquium-and our preference for future meetings-was a
round table format that limited attendance to about 60 persons, and allowed
plenty of time for informal exchanges.
At the conclusion of the Bloomington colloquium, institutional
representatives of the organizations participating in the colloquium met and
decided to take steps to institutionalize this relationship by establishing the
"Transatlantic Consortium for Public Policy Analysis and Education." A draft
agreement was subsequently developed and will be acted on when the group
once again meets, May 23-26, 2000, for a colloquium in Maastricht, The
Netherlands.The theme chosen for that colloquium is, "Globalization and
Regionalization: A Paradoxical Challenge for Public Policy." A program
committee is presently developing program detail for the colloquium.
As of November 1999, the institutions working together to establish a more
permanent relationship are:
SPEA and the Kelley School of Business, Indiana University
Maxwell School, Syracuse University
LBJ School, University of Texas
School of Public Affairs, University of Southern California
John F. Kennedy School, Harvard University
School of Public Affairs, American University
Ecole Nationale d' Administration, Paris, France
Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Leiden University, The Netherlands
Netherlands School of Government
Federal Academy of Public Administration, Bonn, Germany
National School of Administrative Sciences, Speyer, Germany