Security and Interorganizational Networks in Peace Operations

169 Pages·2022·4.939 MB·English

by  Isil Akbulut-Gok

Security and
Interorganizational
Networks in Peace
Operations
Isil Akbulut-Gok
Security and
Interorganizational Networks in Peace Operations
Isil Akbulut-Gok
Security and
Interorganizational
Networks in Peace
Operations
Isil Akbulut-Gok
Fairfield, CT, USA
ISBN 978-3-031-14355-7 ISBN 978-3-031-14356-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14356-4
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer
Nature Switzerland AG 2022
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the
Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights
of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on
microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and
retrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology
now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc.
in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such
namesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreefor
general use.
Thepublisher,theauthors,andtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinforma-
tion in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither
the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with
respecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeen
made.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmaps
and institutional affiliations.
Cover illustration: Maram_shutterstock.com
This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature
Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
For Bahar
Acknowledgments
ThisbookhasitsoriginsinmytimeintheDepartmentofPoliticalScience
atWayneStateUniversity.FredericPearson’ssupportandencouragement
for this project got it off the ground and I am grateful to him for his
feedback on the earlier versions of this manuscript.
I owe tremendous thanks to Alisa Moldavanova for being a great
mentor, friend, and inspiration. Her guidance and support have been
invaluable to my growth as a scholar.
AtSacredHeartUniversity,Ihavebeenfortunatetoworkinadepart-
ment with great colleagues and I thank them for their friendship. I thank
the department chairperson, Gary L. Rose, for being a great colleague,
mentor, and advocating for me in every way possible. I also thank my
then dean, Robin Cautin, for her mentorship and supporting this project
through the Interdisciplinary Research Grant.
IamgratefultoAmericanPoliticalScienceAssociation,whichprovided
a Small Research Grant, and Sacred Heart University for providing
University Research and Creativity Grant. These grants supported my
travels to the United Nations Headquarters.
Earlier versions of some of the material in this book were previ-
ously published in “Interorganizational Networks in Peace Operations”
Peace & Change 45, no. 4 (2020), 569-601. I thank the publisher of
this journal for granting me permission to incorporate this material into
this book.
vii
viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I thank Palgrave Macmillan and Alina Yurova for supporting this
project.
Ithankmymother-in-lawandfather-in-law,NilgünandMehmetGök.
Many thanks to my sister, Selin Akbulut-Topel, for being my best
friend and confidante. She is the best sister anyone can ever ask for and I
am lucky to have her in my life.
I am grateful to my mother, Aysel Akbulut, and my father, Selahattin
Akbulut. I cannot thank them enough for everything they taught me
and done for me. They have been my role models and continue to
inspireme.Noneofthiswouldhavebeenpossiblewithouttheirsupport,
encouragement, and love.
Iamalsogratefultomyhusband,GürkanGök,forhiscompanionship,
support, and understanding.
I dedicate this book to my daughter, Bahar Gök, whose arrival made
thewritingofthismanuscriptevenmorefunandlessstressful!Sheistruly
the joy of my life.
Contents
1 Introduction 1
Social Network Analysis and Interorganizational Networks 4
Why Do Interorganizational Networks in Peace Operations
Matter? 4
What Are Peace Operations? 8
The Evolution of Literature on Peace Operations 10
Determinants of Success and Failure of Peace Operations 11
What is Peace Operation Success? 13
Theoretical and Empirical Contributions 15
The Overview of the Book 17
References 23
Part I Theory Development
2 Theory of Interorganizational Collaboration
and Network Effectiveness 33
Introduction 33
Structural Properties of Inter-IGO Networks and Peace
Operation Success 34
Composition of Inter-IGO Networks and Peace Operation
Success 42
References 46
ix
x CONTENTS
3 Effects of Inter-IGO Networks on Peace Operation
Outcomes 51
Introduction 51
Research Design 51
Outcome Variables 53
Violence Abatement 54
Conflict Containment 54
Conflict Settlement 55
Explanatory Variables 56
Interorganizational Network Structure 56
Organizational Function (Culture) Homophily 57
Control Variables 57
Conflict and Conflict Country Attributes 57
Results 58
Addressing Selection Bias and Robustness Checks 65
References 75
Part II Cases
4 Violence Abatement Success in Ivory Coast 81
Introduction 81
Background to the Conflict 81
Failed Coup Attempt and Inter-IGO Networks in Ivory
Coast 84
Post-Election Crisis and Inter-IGO Networks in Ivory Coast 91
References 99
5 Conflict Containment Success in Bosnia 103
Introduction 103
Background to the Conflict 103
IGO Actors in Bosnia 107
Inter-IGO Networks and Conflict Containment in Bosnia 111
References 115
6 Conflict Settlement Success in Darfur 119
Introduction 119
Background to the Conflict 120
IGO Actors in Darfur 122
AU and AMIS 122
CONTENTS xi
United Nations and African Union Hybrid Mission:
UNAMID 126
Inter-IGO Networks in Darfur 128
References 135
7 Conclusion 139
Introduction 139
Moving Forward: How Do Inter-IGO Networks Matter? 140
Theoretical and Empirical Implications 142
Policy Implications 143
Agenda for Future Research 144
References 145
Appendix 147
Index 153