Table Of ContentLecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Chirla N. V. Satyanarayana Reddy
Shinji Sassa Editors
Scour- and
Erosion-
Related Issues
Proceedings of ISSMGE TC 213 Workshop
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Volume 177
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·
Chirla N. V. Satyanarayana Reddy Shinji Sassa
Editors
Scour- and Erosion-Related
Issues
Proceedings of ISSMGE TC 213 Workshop
Editors
ChirlaN.V.SatyanarayanaReddy ShinjiSassa
DepartmentofCivilEngineering SoilDynamicsGroup
AndhraUniversityCollegeofEngineering PARI,NationalInstituteofMaritime,Port
Visakhapatnam,India andAviationTechnology
NationalResearchandDevelopment
Agency
Yokosuka,Japan
ISSN2366-2557 ISSN2366-2565 (electronic)
LectureNotesinCivilEngineering
ISBN978-981-16-4782-6 ISBN978-981-16-4783-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4783-3
©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNature
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Foreword
Fromtheprehistoricages,humanbeinghasbeenbuildingthesheltersforresidential
area as well as agriculture facilities nearby in either the coastal area or riverbank.
The construction technology of countermeasure for scour and erosion has evolved
fromutilizationofnaturalmaterialsuchassoils,weed,andjutewithincorporating
woodenpolestoartificialfiberscalled“geosynthetics”andsteelwireandbamboo
netsaswellashollowconcreteblocks.
TheproceedingvolumeentitledScour-andErosion-RelatedIssuesisanoutcome
ofISSMGETC213WorkshopwhichwasheldonDecember16,2020,asaPrecon-
ference Workshop of Indian Geotechnical Society Annual Conference 2020 in
Visakhapatnam,India.
TheIndianGeotechnicalSocietyisoneoftheleadingandactivesocietiesamong
the ISSMGE Membership societies in terms of hosting three to four ISSMGE TC
Workshopsperyear,outstandingjournalpublication,IndianGeotechnicalJournalin
SpringerPublication,andinternationallevelof3-day-longannualconference.
Thereportedtechnicalcasehistoriesandtheoretical,experimental,andnumerical
researchresultsinthisproceedingswouldbeausefulreferencematerialtosolvethe
scour and erosion problems along the coastal, riverbank, and bridge foundation. I
sincerelycongratulateProf.ShinjiSassa,ChairmanofTC213,andProf.ChirlaN.
V.SatyanarayanaReddy,editorsandtheauthorsofthearticlesfortheircontribution
inpublishingthisbook.
Incheon,SouthKorea Prof.EunChulShin
VicePresidentofISSMGEforAsia
ProfessorEmeritus,IncheonNationalUniversity
ChairmanofKoreaConsultant,Ltd.
v
Preface
Thebookcontainssevenchapterscontributedbyhighlyreputedinternationalexperts
fromacademiaandfieldpracticebasedonthekeynotelecturesdeliveredintheInter-
nationalWorkshopon“ScourandErosion”organizedonDecember16,2020,bythe
InternationalSocietyforSoilMechanicsandGeotechnicalEngineering(ISSMGE)
on behalf of the Technical Committee 213 and Indian Geotechnical Society in
association with Andhra University, Visakhapatnam. The event was organized in
agrandmannerasthepreconferenceworkshopoftheprestigiousIndianGeotech-
nicalConference(IGC)2020andwasattendedby368participantsfrom18countries.
Wethankthecontributorsofthechaptersforsharingtheirrichresearchandprofes-
sionalexperiencespertainingtovariousissuesrelatedtoscouranderosion.Thebook
providesusefulinformationforunderstandingtherelevantmechanismsandcauses
forscouranderosionofsoilsandtoadoptappropriatemeasuresfortheirmitigation.
ThechaptercontributedbySassareportstherecentadvancesinthemechanicsand
countermeasuresofscourandinternalerosion.Also,itpresentsaconcisereviewon
thekeyissuesofthetsunami/wave–seabed–structureinteractionsfromgeotechnical
andhydrodynamicperspectives.Thebehavioroflaterallyloadedpilesunderscoured
conditionsatbridgesisanalyzedinJieHan’schapter.Anintegratedanalysisofthe
effectofscourontheperformanceofpile-supportedbridgesispresentedconsidering
hydraulic,geotechnical,andstructuralaspects.
Madhav’schapteraddressestheissuesrelatedtocoastalerosionandscourofrivers
andstreamsthroughcasestudies.ItreportsmitigationofcoasterosionofKhambhat
withacombinationofgabionsandgeosynthetics.Also,acasehistoryofthesitewith
non-homogenous soil profile is presented to illustrate the anomaly of the present
practicesonestimationofscourofbridgepiers.Thechapteron“SustainableHard
and Soft Measures for Coastal Protection” by Sundar discusses the relative merits
and demerits of various coast protection systems and their suitability in different
conditionsbasedontheexperiencesgainedinthefieldofcoastalprotectionmeasures
alongthecoastlineofIndia.Albert’sarticledealswiththevariousissuesrelatedto
the geotextile tube design and construction and presents two case studies of the
applicationofgeotextiletubesincoastalprotectionandlandreclamationprojects.
vii
viii Preface
Paolo’schapterpresentsnewdesignapproachalongwiththeperformancelimits
of new type of mattress made of double-twisted wire mesh based on observation
ofthemattressstabilitywithrespecttoflowthroughmattresslayer,combiningthe
stabilityofthestoneanditsabilitytocontrolsoilerosionunderneath.Also,itpresents
five case studies covering different solutions to demonstrate the performance and
durabilityofthemattresses.SatyanarayanaReddy’schapterpresentsissuesrelated
to beach erosion and soil erosion effects on foundation stability in sloping ground
anddeepexcavationfailuresbasedoncasestudiespertainingtoVisakhapatnamcity.
Thevariousremedialmeasurestochecktheerosionarediscussed.
Wehopethatthereadersofthebookmaydeepentheirunderstandingonthecauses
andeffectsofbeach/seacoasterosion,rivererosion,andsubsoilerosioncausedby
surfaceandsubsurfaceflowofwaterandthemitigationmethodswiththeinteresting
casestudiespresentedinthechapters.
Itishopedthatthebookwillbewellreceivedbyacademicians,researchers,and
practicingengineersworldwidetoaddresstheissuesrelatedtoscouranderosion.
Finally, we thank the TC 213 Committee of ISSMGE and National Executive
CommitteeofIGSoftheterm2019–2020forthesupportinbringingoutthebook.
Visakhapatnam,India ChirlaN.V.SatyanarayanaReddy
Yokosuka,Japan ShinjiSassa
Contents
MechanicsandCountermeasuresofScourandInternalErosion:
Tsunami/Wave-Seabed-StructureInteraction ......................... 1
ShinjiSassa
Behavior of Laterally-Loaded Piles Under Scoured Conditions
atBridges .......................................................... 13
JieHan
Scour—Mitigation,Predictions,andLimitations ...................... 31
MadhavMadhira
SustainableHardandSoftMeasuresforCoastalProtection ............ 41
V.Sundar
Issues Related to Erosion and Its Effects on Structures
inVisakhapatnam .................................................. 59
ChirlaN.V.SatyanarayanaReddy
ErosionControlSolutionswithCaseStudies .......................... 71
PaoloDiPietroandRatnakarR.Mahajan
GeotextileTubeforCoastalProtectionandLandReclamation .......... 95
AlbertL.K.LimandK.H.Siew
ix
About the Editors
Dr.ChirlaN.V.SatyanarayanaReddy is a Professor of Civil Engineering at
College of Engineering, Andhra University, India and has 28 years of teaching,
researchandconsultancyexperience.Hisexpertiseandresearchinterestsareinthe
areas of reinforced soils, ground improvement, landfills, soil retention in excava-
tions,deepfoundationsandforensicgeotechnicalengineering.HeobtainedB.Tech.
in Civil Engineering from Nagarjuna University, M.Tech. in Geotechnical Engi-
neeringfromIITMadras,M.E(Structures)fromAndhraUniversityandPh.D.from
NITWarangal.Hehasguided8Ph.D.scholarsand92M.Tech.dissertations.Hehas
morethan110publicationsinvariousnationalandinternationaljournalsandsemi-
nars/conferenceproceedings.Hehasorganizedmorethan30seminars,workshops
andtrainingprograms.
He handled several research projects funded by DST, UGC and AICTE. He
receivedtheEngineeroftheYear2006AwardfromGovernmentofAndhraPradesh
andTheInstitutionofEngineers(India)A.P.StateCentre,BestAcademicianAward
for the year 2014 from Andhra University and Andhra Pradesh Scientist Award
2020inCivilEngineeringDisciplinefromA.P.StateCouncilofScienceandTech-
nology,Government ofA.P.Hehasorganizedmorethan30seminars,workshops,
andtrainingprograms.HeisfellowofIndianGeotechnicalSociety,TheInstitution
of Engineers (India) and Life member of Indian Roads Congress, Indian Concrete
Institute,IndianSocietyforTechnicalEducation,IndianSocietyforRockMechanics
andtunnelingTechnology.HeservedasNationalExecutiveCommitteememberof
IndianGeotechnicalSocietyduringtheperiod2013–2020.Heservedasamember
inH-4CommitteeonEmbankment,GroundImprovementandDrainageCommittee
ofIndianRoadsCongress(IRC)fortheterm2018–2020.Heisservingasmember
ofTC213on“ScourandErosion”ofInternationalSocietyforSoilMechanicsand
GeotechnicalEngineering(ISSMGE).
Dr.ShinjiSassa isHeadofSoilDynamicsGroupandResearchDirectorofInter-
nationalResearchCenterforCoastalDisasters,PortandAirportResearchInstitute,
National Institute of Maritime, Port and Aviation Technology, National Research
andDevelopmentAgency,Japan.HeobtainedhisDr.Eng.fromKyotoUniversity.
He is best known for his seminal works on wave-induced seabed liquefaction that
xi
