Scientific Foundations of Audiology: Perspectives from Physics, Biology, Modeling, and Medicine

401 Pages·2016·15.41 MB·English

by  Anthony T. Cacace

Scientific Foundations
of Audiology
Perspectives from Physics, Biology,
Modeling, and Medicine
Editor-in-Chief for Audiology
Brad A. Stach, PhD
Scientific Foundations
of Audiology
Perspectives from Physics, Biology,
Modeling, and Medicine
Anthony T. Cacace, PhD
Emile de Kleine, PhD
Avril Genene Holt, PhD
Pim van Dijk, PhD
5521 Ruffin Road
San Diego, CA 92123
e-mail: [email protected]
Website: http://www.pluralpublishing.com
Copyright © 2016 by Plural Publishing, Inc.
Typeset in 10½/13 Palatino by Flanagan’s Publishing Service, Inc.
Printed in the United States of America by McNaughton & Gunn, Inc.
All rights, including that of translation, reserved. No part of this publication may be
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For permission to use material from this text, contact us by
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Every attempt has been made to contact the copyright holders for material originally printed in
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necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.
The functional MRI figures on the front cover were provided courtesy of Dr. Chris Lanting
(Lanting et al., 2014). The other graphs (Middle ear Power reflectance, DPOAEs, and Audio-
gram) were provided courtesy of Dr. A.T. Cacace (unpublished data).
Lanting, C. P., de Kleine, E., Langers, D. R. M., van Dijk, P. (2014). Unilateral Tinnitus:
Changes in Connectivity and Response Lateralization Measured with fMRI. PLoS 1, 9,
e110704, 1–14.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Cacace, Anthony T., editor. | Kleine, Emile de, editor. | Holt, Avril
Genene, editor. | Dijk, Pim van, 1960- , editor.
Title: Scientific foundations of audiology : perspectives from physics,
biology, modeling, and medicine / [edited by] Anthony T. Cacace, Emile de
Kleine, Avril Genene Holt, Pim van Dijk.
Description: San Diego, CA : Plural Publishing, Inc., [2016] | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2015046757| ISBN 9781597566520 (alk. paper) | ISBN
1597566527 (alk. paper)
Subjects: | MESH: Audiology— methods | Hearing Disorders — diagnosis | Hearing
Disorders — therapy | Hearing — physiology
Classification: LCC RF290 | NLM WV 270 | DDC 617.8 — dc23
LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015046757
Contents
Introduction vii
Contributors ix
1
Middle-Ear Reflectance: Concepts and Clinical Applications 1
Jont B. Allen, Sarah R. Robinson, Judi A. Lapsley Miller,
Patricia S. Jeng, and Harry Levitt
2
Otoacoustic Emissions: Measurement, Modeling, and Applications 41
Glenis Long and Bastian Epp
3
The Audiogram: What It Measures, What It Predicts, and 57
What It Misses
Anthony T. Cacace and Robert F. Burkard
4
Contemporary Issues in Vestibular Assessment 73
Faith W. Akin, Owen D. Murnane, and Kristal Mills Riska
5
Genetics of Deafness: In Mice and Men 99
Mirna Mustapha and Avril Genene Holt
6
Molecular-Based Measures for the Development of Treatment 107
for Auditory System Disorders: Important Transformative Steps
Toward the Treatment of Tinnitus
Avril Genene Holt, Catherine A. Martin, Antonela Muca,
Angela R. Dixon, and Magnus Bergkvist
7
Medical and Surgical Treatment of Inner Ear Disease 131
Lawrence R. Lustig
8
The Future of Cochlear Implants 175
Richard Tyler, Paul R. Kileny, Aniruddha K. Deshpande,
Shruti Balvalli Deshpande, Camille Dunn, Marlan Hansen,
and Bruce Gantz
9
Novel Approaches for Protection and Restoration of Hearing 197
Min Young Lee and Yehoash Raphael
10
The Olivocochlear System: A Current Understanding of Its 219
Molecular Biology and Functional Roles in Development and
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Douglas E. Vetter
v
vi Scientific Foundations of Audiology
11
Current Progress With Auditory Midbrain Implants 255
Hubert H. Lim, James F. Patrick, and Thomas Lenarz
12
Perception and Psychoacoustics of Speech in Cochlear 285
Implant Users
Deniz Bas¸kent, Etienne Gaudrain, Terrin Nichole Tamati, and
Anita Wagner
13
Theoretical Considerations in Developing an APD Construct: 321
A Neuroscience Perspective
Dennis J. McFarland and Anthony T. Cacace
14
Normal Sound Processing: fMRI 331
Stefan Uppenkamp and Roy D. Patterson
15
Tinnitus Neurophysiology According to Structural and Functional 351
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Dave R. M. Langers and Emile de Kleine
Index 371
IntroduCtIon
This is not your typical textbook in imental models can be improved upon
audiology; rather, it represents a com- to validate our concepts in complex
pendium of state-of-the-art chapters areas. We hope that the end result will
on unique topics dealing with hearing, inspire new investigators to fill in the
vestibular, and brain science, the major- gaps and advance the field.
ity of which are not found in standard Moreover, it should be obvious that
texts but are highly pertinent to the after viewing the table of contents, the
field. The underlying theme is that topics being covered are expansive.
audiology is the primary “translational They range from areas of basic sci-
interface” between basic science and ence (anatomy, physiology, genetics,
clinical concerns. Trained primarily as gene expression, molecular biology,
clinicians and clinical scientists, audiolo- neurochemistry) and clinical concerns
gists are situated in a unique position to (peripheral and central otopathology)
implement breakthroughs in engineer- to other relevant domains in assessment
ing, molecular biology, neuroimaging, and treatment. They cover physical
genetics, medicine, nanobioscience, etc., principles of middle ear and inner ear
and deliver them to the clinic. However, function (auditory, vestibular, balance),
the underlying advancements require a molecular and neural substrate under-
fundamental understanding of advanced lying normal and pathologic activ-
concepts and materials. Therefore, our ity in afferent and efferent pathways,
intent is to provide a foundation for implanted devices (cochlear and mid-
doctoral students in audiology, phys- brain implants), mechanisms of speech
ics, neurobiology, and engineering and perception associated with electrical
residents in various medical specialties stimulation, to the cortical processing
(otolaryngology, neurology, pediatrics, of sound (normal and pathological)
and neurosurgery) with the background using noninvasive methods vis-à-vis
and concepts necessary to facilitate un- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
derstanding in these different areas. We also consider “Future perspec-
Of the “Current issues” subsumed tives” in a similar context to those areas
within this book, we focus on topics described above. However, these par-
that have practical, experimental, and ticular areas will no doubt be transfor-
theoretical value. The practical infor- mative in nature, where advancements
mation is clearly apparent and is directly are motivated by the ingenuity of the
applicable to clinical situations. How- investigators and where the potential
ever, within this material, we also pro- to produce large dividends (successful
vide insight into basic areas of research treatments and potential cures) is on
where technical information is develop- the horizon. One area of interest con-
ing, where our understanding is incom- cerns the combined use of manganese-
plete, where theory has not been applied enhanced MRI (MEMRI), gene expres-
in a rigorous manner, and where exper- sion, and functionalized nanoparticles
vii
viii Scientific Foundations of Audiology
to treat noise-induced tinnitus. Another neurosurgery), engineering (biomedi-
very exciting domain concerns novel cal, mechanical, electrical, chemical),
approaches for the protection and resto- basic science (neuro/molecular biol-
ration of hearing. This highly fluid area ogy and neurochemistry), rehabilita-
is expected to have substantial impact tion, physics, psychology, and of course
on the field, where future develop- audiology, where each group will have
ments remain extremely bright. specific domains-of-interest and appli-
It is our hope that information de- cations. We also believe that having a
rived from these topics expands one’s literary source in one book that con-
knowledge base but also provides the tains a repository of diverse and highly
incentive to improve the status quo. technical information, presented in a
However, this is not an easy task. To coherent manner, should be extremely
succeed in this ambitious undertak- valuable to a wide range of individu-
ing, we have assembled a stellar array als, but to our knowledge, such a docu-
of international world-class scientists, ment does not yet exist. Therefore, this
clinicians, and scholars to ensure that book should fill an important void in
state-of-the-art technical information is the scientific literature as a combined
explicated in an understandable, logi- reference text, research guide, and edu-
cal, and cohesive manner. The authors cational tool.
of these chapters have taken this task As science in this area evolves, the
very seriously and share the common profession of audiology is in a unique
responsibility for giving an exposé on position to integrate advanced tech-
potential gaps in knowledge that cur- nologies developed by clinicians, engi-
rently exist in a thoughtful and unself- neers, and basic scientists and apply
ish manner. We are extremely grateful them to the clinic. Consequently, audi-
for their efforts and contributions. ologists and others in related fields like
To summarize, we believe that this medicine and engineering represent the
book will have many beneficiaries. “translational interface” between basic
They will be independent of geograph- science and current clinical concerns. It
ical boundaries but will have in com- is a big responsibility to integrate new
mon the desire to learn and apply new ideas and concepts into the clinic but it
and advanced concepts to everyday is one that encompasses the technical
situations. This includes a broad spec- skills and educational background of
trum of individuals from multiple sci- those individuals already working in
entific disciplines, including medicine this field.
(otolaryngology, pediatrics, neurology,
ContrIbutors
Faith W. Akin, PhD Department of Rehabilitation
Vestibular/Balance Laboratory Science
Mountain Home VA Medical Center University at Buffalo
Professor Buffalo, New York
Department of Audiology and Chapter 3
Speech-Language Pathology
East Tennessee State University
Anthony T. Cacace, PhD
Mountain Home, Tennessee
Professor and Director of the Hearing
Chapter 4
Science Laboratory
Department of Communication
Jont B. Allen, PhD
Sciences & Disorders
Professor
Wayne State University
Department of Computer and
Detroit, Michigan
Electrical Engineering
Chapters 3 and 13
University of Illinois
Urbana, Illinois
Emile de Kleine, PhD
Chapter 1
Medical Physicist-Audiologist
University of Groningen
Deniz Baskent, PhD, MSc
University Medical Center Groningen
Professor
Groningen, The Netherlands
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-
Chapter 15
Head and Neck Surgery
University of Groningen
Aniruddha K. Deshpande, PhD,
University Medical Center Groningen
CCC-A
Research School of Behavioral and
Assistant Professor
Cognitive Neurosciences
Department of Speech-Language-
Groningen, The Netherlands
Hearing Sciences
Chapter 12
Hofstra University
Magnus Bergkvist, PhD Hempstead, New York
Chapter 8
Assistant Professor of Nanobioscience
SUNY Polytechnic Institute
Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Shruti Balvalli Deshpande, PhD,
Engineering CCC-A
Albany, New York Visiting Assistant Professor
Chapter 6 Postdoctoral Research Scholar
The University of Iowa
Robert F. Burkard, PhD, CCC-A Iowa City, Iowa
Professor and Chair Chapter 8
ix