Scientific Foundations of Anesthesia

57 Pages·2013·10.56 MB·English

LWBK1137-FM_i-xxii.indd 22 12/01/13 2:14 AM
S E V E N T H E D I T I O N
Clinical
Anesthesia
LWBK1137-FM_i-xxii.indd 1 12/01/13 2:14 AM
LWBK1137-FM_i-xxii.indd 2 12/01/13 2:14 AM
S E V E N T H E D I T I O N
Clinical
Anesthesia
Edited By
Paul G. Barash, md Michael K. Cahalan, md
Professor Professor and Chair
Department of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology
School of Medicine School of Medicine
Yale University School of Medicine The University of Utah
Attending Anesthesiologist Salt Lake City, Utah
Yale-New Haven Hospital
New Haven, Connecticut M. Christine Stock, md
Professor and Chair
Bruce F. Cullen, md Department of Anesthesiology
Feinberg School of Medicine
Emeritus Professor
Northwestern University
Department of Anesthesiology
Chicago, Illinois
School of Medicine
University of Washington
Rafael Ortega, md
Seattle, Washington
Professor
Vice-Chairman of Academic Affairs
Robert K. Stoelting, md
Department of Anesthesiology
Emeritus Professor and Past Chair School of Medicine
Department of Anesthesia Boston University
School of Medicine Boston, Massachusetts
Indiana University
Indianapolis, Indiana
LWBK1137-FM_i-xxii.indd 3 12/01/13 2:14 AM
Acquisitions Editor: Brian Brown
Managing Editor: Nicole T. Dernoski
Marketing Manager: Lisa Lawrence
Production Editor: Priscilla Crater
Senior Manufacturing Manager: Benjamin Rivera
Design Coordinator: Stephen Druding
Compositor: Aptara, Inc.
© 2013 by LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, a WOLTERS KLUWER BUSINESS
Two Commerce Square
2001 Market Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA
LWW.com
All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced
in any form or by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and
retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations
embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals
as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned
copyright.
Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Clinical anesthesia/edited by Paul G. Barash . . . [et al.]. – 7th ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4511-4419-2 (alk. paper)
I. Barash, Paul G.
[DNLM: 1. Anesthesia. 2. Anesthesiology. 3. Anesthetics. WO 200]

617.9′6–dc23 2012050848
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe gen-
erally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors
or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no
warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the con-
tents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the profes-
sional responsibility of the practitioner.
The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and
dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time
of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the
constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check
the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings
and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently
employed drug.
Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care
provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice.
To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at [phone] or
fax orders to [phone]. International customers should call [phone].
Visit Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet: at LWW.com. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6 pm, EST.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
LWBK1137-FM_i-xxii.indd 4 12/01/13 2:14 AM
F O R A L L S T U D E N T S O F A N E S T H E S I O L O G Y
LWBK1137-FM_i-xxii.indd 5 12/01/13 2:14 AM
LWBK1137-FM_i-xxii.indd 6 12/01/13 2:14 AM
C O N T r I b u T I N g A u T H O r S
Saint Adeogba, MD Honorio T. Benzon, MD
Senior Research Fellow Professor of Anesthesiology
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Department of Anesthesiology
School of Medicine Feinberg School of Medicine
University of Washington Northwestern University
Seattle, Washington Attending Staff
Department of Anesthesiology
Shamsuddin Akhtar, MD Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Chicago, Illinois
Associate Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Christopher M. Bernards, MD*
School of Medicine
Yale University Professor
New Haven, Connecticut Department of Anesthesiology
School of Medicine
Virginia Mason University
Michael L. Ault, MD, FCCP, FCCM
Seattle, Washington
Associate Professor
Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurological Surgery and Surgery
Marcelle E. Blessing, MD
Feinberg School of Medicine
Assistant Professor
Northwestern University
Department of Anesthesiology
Medical Director
School of Medicine
Departments of Blood Gas Laboratory and Emergency Response Teams
Yale University
Northwestern Memorial Hospital
New Haven, Connecticut
Chicago, Illinois
Michelle Y. Braunfeld, MD
Douglas R. Bacon, MD, MA
Professor and Chair
Professor and Chair
Department of Anesthesiology
Department of Anesthesiology
David Geffen School of Medicine
School of Medicine
University of California Los Angeles
Wayne State University
Greater Los Angeles VA Hospital
Detroit, Michigan
Los Angeles, California
Chair
Department of Anesthesiology
Ferne R. Braveman, MD
Saint Joseph Mercy Oakland
Professor
Pontiac, Michigan
Department of Anesthesiology
School of Medicine
Gina C. Badescu, MD
Yale University
Assistant Professor New Haven, Connecticut
Department of Anesthesiology
School of Medicine Brenda A. Bucklin, MD
Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology
Professor
Duke University Hospital
Department of Anesthesiology
Durham, North Carolina
School of Medicine
University of Colorado
Dalia Banks, MD, FASE
Aurora, Colorado
Associate Professor
School of Medicine Asokumar Buvanendran, MD
University of California San Diego
Professor
Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Chief
Department of Anesthesiology
Clinical Director for Sulpizio CVC and PTU
Rush University Medical Center
San Diego, California
Senior Attending Staff
Department of Anesthesiology
Paul G. Barash, MD Rush University Medical Center
Professor Chicago, Illinois
Department of Anesthesiology
School of Medicine
Yale University
Attending Anesthesiologist
Yale-New Haven Hospital
New Haven, Connecticut *Deceased
vii
LWBK1137-FM_i-xxii.indd 7 12/01/13 2:14 AM
viii Contributing Authors
Michael K. Cahalan, MD Marie Csete, MD, PhD
Professor and Chair Division Director
Department of Anesthesiology Center for Cellular Therapies
School of Medicine AABB
University of Utah Bethesda, Maryland
Salt Lake City, Utah Adjunct Faculty
Department of Anesthesiology
Levon M. Capan, MD
USCD Medical Center
Professor San Diego, California
Department of Anesthesiology
School of Medicine
Bruce F. Cullen, MD
New York University
Associate Director Emeritus Professor
Department of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology
Bellevue Hospital School of Medicine
New York, New York University of Washington
Seattle, Washington
Louanne M. Carabini, MD
Assistant Professor Anthony Cunningham, MD
Department of Anesthesiology Professor
Feinberg School of Medicine
Foundation Dean
Northwestern University
Pu-RCSI School of Medicine
Chicago, Illinois
Malaysia
C. Richard Chapman, PhD
Armagan Dagal, MD, FRCA
Professor
Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
School of Medicine
School of Medicine
University of Utah
University of Washington
Pain Research Center
Chief of Spine and Orthopedic Anesthesia Services
Salt Lake City, Utah
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Harborview Medical Center
Amalia Cochran, MD
Seattle, Washington
Associate Professor
Department of Surgery
School of Medicine Albert Dahan, MD
University of Utah Professor
Salt Lake City, Utah Department of Anesthesiology
Leiden University Medical Center
Leiden, The Netherlands
Edmond Cohen, MD
Professor
Department of Anesthesiology Steven Deem, MD
Director of Thoracic Anesthesia Professor
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
New York, New York
School of Medicine
University of Washington
Christopher W. Connor, MD, PhD Director
Assistant Professor Department of Neurocritical Care
Departments of Anesthesiology, and Harborview Medical Center
Biomedical Engineering Seattle, Washington
School of Medicine
Boston University
Timothy R. Deer, MD
Boston, Massachusetts
Clinical Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
C. Michael Crowder, MD, PhD
School of Medicine
Dr. Seymour and Rose T. Brown Professor
West Virginia University
Department of Anesthesiology
President and CEO
School of Medicine
Center for Pain Relief, Inc.
Washington University
Charleston, West Virginia
St. Louis, Missouri
LWBK1137-FM_i-xxii.indd 8 12/01/13 2:14 AM