Science, Religion, and the Protestant Tradition: Retracing the Origins of Conflict (Sci & Culture in the Nineteenth Century)

369 Pages·2019·23.556 MB·English

by  James C. Ungureanu

SCIENCE, RELIGION, AND THE PROTESTANT TRADITION

Frontispiece. Title pages for A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom
(1896) and History of Conflict between Religion and Science (1874).
SCIENCE AND CULTURE IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
Bernard Lightman, Editor
RETRACING THE ORIGINS
OF CONFLICT
JAMES C. UNGUREANU
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH PRESS
Published by the University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, Pa., 15260
Copyright © 2019, University of Pittsburgh Press
All rights reserved
Manufactured in the United States of America
Printed on acid- free paper
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Cataloging-in-Publication data is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN 13: 978-0-8229-4581-9
ISBN 10: 0-8229-4581-9
Cover art: Joseph Ferdinand Keppler, The universal church of the future - from the present
religious outlook, in Puck v. 12, no. 305, January 10, 1883 (Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1883),
centerfold.
Cover design: Joel W. Coggins
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
ix
Introduction
3
one
Draper and the New Protestant Historiography
22
two
White and the Search for a “Religion Pure and Undefiled”
67
three
English Protestantism and the History of Conflict
104
Four
American New Theology and the Evolution of Religion
146
Five
Youmans and the “Peacemakers”
174
Six
Reading Draper and White:
A Failed Reconciliation
216
CONTENTS
Conclusions
249
Notes
261
Bibliography
299
Index
351
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
SCORES of individuals and institutions have assisted me in completing this
book, and here I can only record a special thanks to a few to whom I am espe-
cially indebted for their advice, guidance, and support. Throughout this process,
I have amassed a tremendous debt to Peter Harrison. In 2012 I began writing him
about doing postgraduate work in the history of science. The very next year I
entered the doctoral program at the University of Queensland under his super-
vision. He was welcoming, accommodating, and generous. I am very grateful for
his feedback on the countless drafts of chapters, paragraphs, and sentences I sent
him. I would also like to thank Ian Hesketh, who went above and beyond his role
as co- supervisor. With him, I shared the excitement of discovery, the frustration
of writing, and the joy of discussing new research. I owe an enormous thanks
to Bernie Lightman, both for his comments and for his patience in slogging
through earlier versions of the manuscript. Bernie believed in this project from
the beginning, and I will forever be grateful to him for including it in his series.
Special thanks also go to Ted Davis for his constant support and encouragement,
on this book and life in general. Thanks also to the many other scholars, from
all over the world, who helped in some capacity along the way, including Simon
Kennedy, James Lancaster, Leigh Penman, John Stenhouse, Ron Numbers, Steve
Snobelen, Tim Larsen, Jon Roberts, Lynn Nyhart, Florence Hsia, John Brooke,
David Mislin, Jon Topham, Dave Livingstone, Diarmid Finnegan, Brad Gregory,
Larry Principe, James Stump, and Allison Coudert.
A word of thanks must also go to the dead. I spent many long hours and nights
pouring through their writings and private letters, and to this I am especially
grateful to the librarians in the Manuscript Division at the Library of Congress
in Washington D.C., as well as the Library Division of Rare and Manuscript Col-
lections at Cornell University. Of course, I also owe a special thank you to Abby
Collier, Amy Sherman, Paul Schellinger, and the rest of the team at the University
of Pittsburgh Press for getting this book into the hands of readers.
Since 2017 I have been in a prolonged transition. As a result, I have accumu-
lated a great debt to the hospitality of friends and even strangers. I wanted to
ix