Science in the 20th Century and Beyond

626 Pages·2012·1.724 MB·English

by  Jon Agar

SCIENCE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
AND BEYOND
History of Science
Jon Agar, Science in the Twentieth Century and Beyond
David Knight, The Making of Modern Science
SCIENCE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
AND BEYOND
JON AGAR
polity
Copyright © Jon Agar 2012
The right of Jon Agar to be identifi ed as Author of this Work has been asserted in
accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
First published in 2012 by Polity Press
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Cambridge CB2 1UR, UK
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Malden, MA 02148, USA
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ISBN-13: 978-0-7456-3469-2
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Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Group Limited, Bodmin, Cornwall
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For Kathryn, Hal and Max

CONTENTS
Acknowledgements ix
1 Introduction 1
Part I: Science after 1900
2 New Physics 15
3 New Sciences of Life 44
4 New Sciences of the Self 63
Part II: Sciences in a World of Confl ict
5 Science and the First World War 89
6 Crisis: Quantum Theories and Other Weimar Sciences 118
7 Science and Imperial Order 142
8 Expanding Universes: Private Wealth and American
Science 161
9 Revolutions and Materialism 186
10 Nazi Science 211
11 Scaling Up, Scaling Down 229
Part III: Second World War and Cold War
12 Science and the Second World War 263
13 Trials of Science in the Atomic Age 301
14 Cold War Spaces 330
15 C old War Sciences (1): Sciences from the Working World
of Atomic Projects 354
16 C old War Sciences (2): Sciences from Information
Systems 367
vii
contents
Part IV: Sciences of our World
17 Transition: Sea Change in the Long 1960s 403
18 Networks 433
19 Connecting Ends 466
Part V: Conclusions
20 Science in the Twentieth Century and Beyond 499
Notes 531
Index 595
viii