Science and Conservation of Vernal Pools in Northeastern North America: Ecology and Conservation of Seasonal Wetlands in Northeastern North America

406 Pages·2007·10.56 MB·English

by  Aram J. K. Calhoun

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Science
and
Conservation
of
Vernal Pools
in Northeastern North America
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Science
and
Conservation
of
Vernal Pools
in Northeastern North America
Edited by
Aram J.K. Calhoun
Phillip G. deMaynadier
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
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Cover photographs courtesy of Megan K. Gahl (spine wood frog and vernal pool), Leo P. Kenney
(fingernail clam), and Patrick Zephyr (marbled salamander).
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Calhoun, Aram J. K.
Science and conservation of vernal pools in northeastern North America /
Aram J.K. Calhoun and Phillip G. deMaynadier.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-8493-3675-1 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-8493-3675-9 (alk. paper)
1. Vernal pool ecology--Northeastern States. 2. Vernal pool ecology--Canada,
Eastern. 3. Vernal pools--Northeastern States. 4. Vernal pools--Canada, Eastern.
I. deMaynadier, Phillip G. II. Title.
QH541.5.P63C35 2007
577.63’6--dc22 2007003505
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
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Dedication
To my beloved partner in conservation and
exploring the wild, Mac Hunter
A.J.K.C.
To my parents – Suzanne and Franklin,
Alain and Elisabeth
P.G.D.
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Table of Contents
Foreword...................................................................................................................xi
Preface......................................................................................................................xv
Acknowledgments...................................................................................................xxi
About the Editors..................................................................................................xxiii
Contributors...........................................................................................................xxv
Chapter 1
Valuing and Conserving Vernal Pools as Small-Scale Ecosystems.........................1
Malcolm L. Hunter, Jr.
SECTION I Physical Setting: Classification,
Hydrology, and Identification
Chapter 2
Classification of Vernal Pools: Geomorphic Setting and Distribution...................11
Richard D. Rheinhardt and Garrett G. Hollands
Chapter 3
Hydrology and Landscape Connectivity of Vernal Pools.......................................31
Scott G. Leibowitz and Robert T. Brooks
Chapter 4
Remote and Field Identification of Vernal Pools....................................................55
Matthew R. Burne and Richard G. Lathrop, Jr.
SECTION II Biological Setting: Principal Flora and
Fauna
Chapter 5
Flora of Northeastern Vernal Pools.........................................................................71
Andrew Cutko and Thomas J. Rawinski
vii
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viii Science and Conservation of Vernal Pools in Northeastern North America
Chapter 6
Diversity and Ecology of Vernal Pool Invertebrates.............................................105
Elizabeth A. Colburn, Stephen C. Weeks, and Sadie K. Reed
Chapter 7
Ecology and Conservation of Pool-Breeding Amphibians...................................127
Raymond D. Semlitsch and David K. Skelly
Chapter 8
Population and Genetic Linkages of Vernal Pool-Associated Amphibians.........149
James P. Gibbs and J. Michael Reed
Chapter 9
The Importance of Vernal Pools to Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals.....................169
Joseph C. Mitchell, Peter W.C. Paton, and Christopher J. Raithel
SECTION III Conserving Vernal Pools in Human-
Modified Landscapes
Chapter 10
Vernal Pool Conservation Policy: The Federal, State, and Local Context..........193
Wende S. Mahaney and Michael W. Klemens
Chapter 11
Chemical Contamination of Vernal Pools.............................................................213
Michelle D. Boone and Bruce D. Pauli
Chapter 12
Conserving Vernal Pool Wildlife in Urbanizing Landscapes...............................233
Bryan Windmiller and Aram J.K. Calhoun
Chapter 13
Conserving Vernal Pool Amphibians in Managed Forests...................................253
Phillip G. deMaynadier and Jeffrey E. Houlahan
Chapter 14
Spatial Tools for Conserving Pool-Breeding Amphibians:
An Application of the Landscape Species Approach...........................................281
Robert F. Baldwin, Kathleen P. Bell, and Eric W. Sanderson
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Table of Contents ix
Chapter 15
Vernal Pools as Outdoor Laboratories for Educators and Students.....................299
Hank J. Gruner and Richard D. Haley
Chapter 16
Conserving Vernal Pool Habitat through Community Based Conservation........319
Aram J.K. Calhoun and Patti Reilly
SECTION IV Index
Index......................................................................................................................345