school of biotechnology

486 Pages·2012·9.78 MB·English

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SCHOOL
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BIOTECHNOLOGY
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SUBJECTS(Biochemistry)
Code SubjectName Credit
BC201 Biochemistry 4:0:0 y
BC202 BiochemistryLab 0:0:2
BC203 Bioorganicchemistry 4:0:0t
BC204 FoodBiochemistry&Nutrition 4:0:0
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BC205 FoodBiochemistrylab 0:0:2
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BC206 InstrumentalMethodsofAnalysis 4:0:0
BC207 InstrumentalMethodsofAnalysislab 0:0:2
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BC208 Biophysics 4:0:0
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BC201BIOCHEMISTRY
Credit:4:0:0 v Marks (40+60)
Unit - I: StructureandPropertiesof Carbohydrates andLipids
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Structure and properties of mono, di, oligo and pnolysaccharides, complex carbohydrates.
Structureandproperties offattyacids,phospholipids,sphingolipids,glycolipidsandsteroids.
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Unit – II :StructureandPropertiesofProteins andNucleicAcids
Structure and properties of amino acids, modified amino acids, peptides, proteins and
conjugated proteins. Structure and properties of purines, pyrimidines, nucleosides,

nucleotides, polynucleotides, ribonucleic acids, deoxy ribonucleic acids, nucleoprotein
complexes. a
Unit-III:Metabolismof Lipids,ProteinsandNucleicAcids
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Biodegradation of proteins and nucleic acids. Biosynthesis and biodegradation of amino
acids,fattyacids,cholesterol,purinesandpyrimidines
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Unit – IV:IntermediaryMetabolismandBioenergetics
CarbohydrateuMetabolism: Glycolysis, TCA cycle, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate
pathway - Urea Cycle – Overview of intermediary metabolism: Interconnections and
regulation of metabolic pathways. Bioenergetics: redox biochemistry, energy rich
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compounds,respiratorychain,oxidativephosphorylationandtriosephosphatecycle.
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Unit – V:Structure FunctionRelationship
K Structural and functional relationships in complex carbohydrates, conjugated proteins and
conjugatednucleicacids.
Textbook:
1. Lehninger,AL, Nelson DLandCox MM, PrinciplesofBiochemistry
References:
1. LubertStryer, Biochemistry,4th Edition, WH Freeman&Co.,2000.
2. VoetandVoet, Biochemistry,2nd Edition,John Wiley&Sons Inc.,1995.
3. Murray, R.K., Granner, B.K., Mayes, P.A., Rodwell. V.W., Harper’s Biochemistry,
PrenticeHallInternational.
SchoolofBiotechnology 1
BC202BIOCHEMISTRYLAB
Credit:0:0:2 Marks (50+50)
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12experimentswillbenotifiedbytheHODfrom timetotime
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BC203BIO-ORGANICCHEMISTRY
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Credit:4:0:0 Marks (40+60)
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Unit – I ConceptsinOrganicChemistry
Stereochemistry – R,S notation – re-si faces – e,z isomerisme- conformers- ethane –
cyclopentane - reactivates- mechanisms of sn1 sn2 reactions, e1 e2 reactions – ester
formation and hydrolysis, reaction rates - Hammond's postulate – h/d effects. Catalysis –
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general acid –baseandcovalentcatalysis.
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Unit - II StereochemistryofEnzymaticReactions
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Stereospecific enzymatic reactions – fumarase catalysed reactions – NAD dependent
oxidation and reduction reactions - stereochemistry of nucleophilic reactions – chiral methyl
group– chiralphosphate. U
UNIT– III CaseStudiesofEnzymeStructureandMechanism
The dehydrogenases – the protease s – ribonucleases – lysozyme- stability of proteins –
stability –activitytradeoff.
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UNIT– IVKineticsof ProteinFolding
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Basicmethods – two statekinetics– multistate kinetics– transition states in protein folding–
1h/2hexchange methods– foldingofpeptides.
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UNIT– VFoldingPathways&EnergyLandscapes
Folding of ciu2 – nucleation condensation mechanism – folding of barnase – time resolution–
insightsfromtheory –optimizationoffoldingrates – molecularchaperones.
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Textbook
a1. R Fersht, W.H. Freeman, Structure and Mechanism in Protein Science :A Guide To
EnzymeCatalysisandProteinFolding;,1999.
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Referencebooks
1. H.Dugas, Bioorganic Chemistry;SpringerVerlag,1999.
2. Fisher J and Arnold JRPChemistry for Biologists”, VIVA Books Pvt Ltd, New Delhi
2001.
SchoolofBiotechnology 2
BC204 FOODBIOCHEMISTRYANDNUTRITION
Credit:4:0:0 Marks (40+60)
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UnitI
Glycolysis – Embden Meyerhof Pathway (EMP), Pentose phosphate shunt, TCA cycle,
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gluconeogenesis, urea cycle, inter connections of pathways, metabolic regulation,
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Bioenergetics – Electron transport chain, respiratory chain ATP cycle, energy rich
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compounds.
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UnitII
Biosyntheses and degradation of fatty acids, and cholesterol - Bioseyntheses and degradation
of amino acids, peptides and proteins; Biosynthesis and degradation of purines, pyrimidines
andnucleicacids.
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UnitIII
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Basic concept of nutrition – Importance of nutrition and dietetics - Assessment of nutritional
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status – energy value of carbohydrates, proteins and fats – determination of energy value –
balanced diet– Recommended dietaryintake– Acceptabledietaryintake – Protein efficiency
ratio – Net protein utilisation and their deteUrminations – Malnutrition and its problems –
Nutrient supplementation – fortification - Nutritional labeling and its importance - Effect of
processingon protein quality, essential amino acids - Digestibility, carbohydrates in food and
dietaryfibre
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Unit IV
Inborn errors of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolisms - Nutrition and disorders
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associated with organs such as liver and kidney - Naturally occurring anti-nutritional factors
– Cyanogens,lectins,enzymeinhibitors,phytoallexins,phytates
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UnitV
Nutrition foruspecialized purposes – Paediatric nutrition – geriatric nutrition – Sports
nutrition– Nutritionduringpregnancy - Functionalfoods
Ageing–Theories of ageing– Nutrition and ageing – Cancer and its prevention - Age-related
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metabolic disorders – Nutrition in the treatment of age-related disorders like hypertension,
diaabetes,Alzheimer’sdisease
Text/ReferenceBooks:
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1. LehningerA.L, Nelson D.L.,M.M.Cox, PrinciplesofBiochemistry,CBS
Publications,1993.
2. VoetD,VoetG, Biochemistry,Second Edition,John WileyandSons,1994.
3. Stryer L, Biochemistry, Fouthedition,1994.
4. FoodandNutrition, WahlquistML,1997
5. PrinciplesofHumanNutrition– SecondEdition,EditedbyMartinEastwood,
BlackwellPublishing
6. FunctionalfoodsandNutraceuticals inCancerPrevention,EditedbyRonaldRoss
Watson
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BC205FOODBIOCHEMISTRYLAB
Credit:0:0:2 Marks (50+50)y
12experimentswillbenotifiedbytheHODfrom timetotime
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BC206 INSTRUMENTAL METHODSOFANALYSIS
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Credit:4:0:0 Marks (40+60)
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UNIT I BufferSolutions
Definitions,preparations,derivationofHenderson-Hasselbalch equationanditsapplication,
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bufferingsystemsofblood,determinationofpH usingH electrodeand glasselectrode.
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UNIT IIColorimeter,Flourimeter,FlamePhotometerandSpectrophotometer
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Beer - Lambert’s law, Principle, description and application of Colorimeter, Flourimeter,
Flamephotometer andSpectrophotometer.
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UNIT III ChromatographyandElectrophoresis
Chromatography- principles, types- paper, thin layer, adsorption, ion-exchange, affinity, gel
filtration,gas andHPLC.
Electrophoresis – principles, types – disc, Isoelectric focussing, immuno-electrophoresis,
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isotachophoresis,supportingmaterials-paper,starch,agarose,polyacrylamide.
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UNIT IV Radioactive techniques
Radioactive isotopes, radioactive decay and their types, radioactive techniques-RIA, GM
counter, Scintillationncounter,Autoradiography,Applications inMedicine&Diagnosis
UNIT V ThuermoAnalyticalTechniques
Theory of thermal analysis- thermo gravimetric- Basic theory, construction and working of
DifferentialThermalAnalysis(DTA)andDifferentialScanningCalorimeter(DSC)
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TeaxtBook
1. Willard and Merrit,InstrumentalMethodsandAnalysis.VIEdition,CBSPublishers
&Distributors.
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ReferenceBooks:
1. EwingGW, Instrumentalmethods ofChemicalAnalysis,McGrawHillBook
Company,1989.
2. Braun.H, IntroductiontoChemicalAnalysis,McGrawHill,1987.
SchoolofBiotechnology 4
BC207 INSTRUMENTALMETHODSOFANALYSISLAB
Credit:0:0:2 Marks (50+50)
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12experimentswillbenotifiedbytheHODfrom timetotime
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BC208BIOPHYSICS
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Credit:4:0:0 Marks (40+60)
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UNIT I Introduction
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Levels of structures in Biological macromolecules. Central questions in biophysics, basic
strategiesinbiophysics. e
UNIT II ConformationalAnalysis
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Forces that determine protein and nucleic acid structure, basic problems, polypeptide chains
geometrics, potential energy calculations, observed values for rotation angles, hydrogen
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bonding,hydrophobicinteractions and waterstructures ionicinteractions,disulphidebonds.
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UNIT III StructuralAnalysisofMacromolecules
Prediction of proteins structure, nucleic aUcids, general characteristics of nucleic acid
structure, geometrics, glycosidic bond rotational isomers and those puckering backbone
rotational isomers and ribose puckering forces stabilising ordered forms, base pairing, base
stackingtertiarystructureofnucleic acids.
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UNIT IV Kineticsof LigandInteraction
Biochemical Kinetics studies, unimolecular reactions, simple biomolecular multiple
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intermediates, steady state kinetics, catalytic efficiency, relaxation spectrometry,
ribonucleaseasanexample.
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UNIT V TechniquesfortheStudyof BiologicalStructure&Function
Size and shaupe of macromolecules, methods of direct visualisation, macromolecules as
hydrodynamicparticles,macromoleculardiffusion,ultracentrifugation,viscometry
X-ray crystallography – X–ray diffraction, determination of molecular structures ,electron
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microscopy,neutronscattering,lightscattering.
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TextBook
1. CantorR.,SchimmelP.R.,BiophysicalChemistry,Vol.I, II, W.H.Freeman &Co.,
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1985.
ReferenceBook
1. Daniel. M,BasicBiophysicsforBiologists,1998.
SchoolofBiotechnology 5
SUBJECTS(Microbiology)
Code SubjectName Credit
MB101 IntroductiontoBiology 3:0:0 y
MB102 Introductionto BiologyLab 0:0:1
MB201 CellBiology 4:0:t0
MB202 CellBiologyLab 0:0:1
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MB203 Microbiology 4:0:0
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MB204 Microbiologylab 0:0:1
MB205 MolecularBiology 4:0:0
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MB206 MolecularBiologylab 0:0:1
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MB207 Food Microbiology 4:0:0
MB208 Foodmicrobiologylab 0:0:2
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MB101INTRODUCTIONTiOBIOLOGY
Credit:3:0:0 n Marks (40+60)
Unit – 1:Biodiversity
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Biodiversity in living organisms–systems of classification–taxonomic systems-nomenclature
methods.
Principle and working methodology of compound microscope-structure of prokaryotic and

eukaryoticcell- celldivision.
Salient features of fungi and algaae; types and structure of both plant and animal viruses–
diseases caused by them– life cycle of phage and HIV; classification and reproduction mode
ofbacteria –theirbeneficiyalandharmfuleffects.
UnitII- Anatomyofplants
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Tissue and tissue systems – anatomy of Roots: monocot –dicot; Stems: monocot –dicot;
dicotleaf.
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UnitIII -Anatomyof animals
Digestrivesystem– Structureoftongue,teeth,pharynx,oesophagus,stomach,smallintestines
andLiver
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Respiratorysystem – structureofnasalcavity,pharynx,tracheaandlungs
Circulatory system – Components of circulatory system– structure of blood vessels – Types
K ofbloodvessels– Structureofheart
Urinarysystem –Structureof kidneys andnephron
Reproductivesystem– Briefdescriptionofthemaleandfemalereproductive organs
Unit – IV:Physiologyofplant
Cell as a physiological unit-absorption, transport and transpiration of water; Translocation of
minerals and solutes; Photosynthesis : photophosphorylation- C and C pathway–
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Photorespiration (C cycle); mode of nutrition; chemosynthesis; Plant growth; Reproduction
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inangiosperms-Germinationofseeds.
SchoolofBiotechnology 6
UnitV- AnimalandHumanPhysiology
Digestion – process, Absorption and assimilation. Respiration – Process, mechanism of
breathing, gaseous exchange in alveoli, Regulation of respiration. Circulation – Functioning
of human heart, Origin and conduction of heart beat, Cardiac cycle. Blood – compositiyon,
bloodcells.Excretion– mechanismofurineformation
Chemicalco-ordinationsystems
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TextBooks:
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1. Biology (Zoology), Higher Secondary First and Second year, Tamilnadu Text Book
Coporation, Firstedition,2004&2005.
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2. Biology (Botany), H.S.C- First and Second year Tamilnadu Text Book Coporation,
Firstedition,2004&2005. e
MB102INTRODUCTIONTOBIOLOGYLAB
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Credit:0:0:1 Marks (50+50)
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6experimentswillbenotifiedbytheHODfromtimetotime
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MB201CELUL BIOLOGY
Credit:4:0:0 Marks (40+60)
UNIT– IStructureandFunctiono f theCellandIts Organelles
Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells: principles of membrane organization - Micelles, membrane
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proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, contractile proteins – actin & myosin, extra cellular matrix.
Celldivision:mitosis &meiosis,cellcycle, moleculesthatcontrolcellcycle.
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UNIT– IITransportAcrossCellMembranes
Passive & active ntransport, permeases, sodium potassium pump, Ca2+ ATPase pump,
lysosomal and vacuolar membrane ATP dependent proton pumps, co transport, symport,
antiport, tranus-membrane potential coupled ATP generation, ion-selective gated channel
against neuronal cell membrane, Transport into prokaryotic cells, endocytosis and
exocytosis.Entryofvirusandtoxinsintocells.
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UNaIT– IIIReceptorsandModelsofExtraCellularSignalling
Cytosolic, nuclear and membrane bound receptors, examples of receptors, autocrine,
paracrineand endocrinemodelsofaction,quantitationandcharacterisationofreceptors.
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UNIT– IVSignalTransduction
Signal amplification, different models of signal amplifications, role of cyclic AMP, cyclic
GMP and G proteins in signal transduction, biosynthesis of inositol tri phosphates and their
role as messengers, calcium ion flux and its role in cell signaling, phosphorylation and
regulationofprotein kinasesinsignalling,serine – threonine kinasesinsignalling.
SchoolofBiotechnology 7
UNIT– V CellCulture
Techniques for the propagation of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Cell line: generation of
cell lines, maintenance of stock cells, characterization of cells, immunochemistry,
morphological analysis, techniques in cell culture, explant cultures, primary culturyes,
contamination,differentiation,threedimensionalcultures,roleof matrix incell growth.
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TextBooks:
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1. DarnellJ, LodishH,BaltimoreD, MolecularCellBiology, W.H.Freeman;
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2. Ian FreshneyR,Culture ofAnimalCells.,2nd edition,AlanR.Liss, Inc.,NewYork.
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References:
1. KimballT.W., CellBiology, WesleyPublishers; e
2. DeRobertis &DeRobertis,CellBiology;
3. James D.Watson,MolecularBiologyoftheCell.
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MB202CELL BIOLOGYLAB
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Credit:0:0:1 Marks (50+50)
6experimentswillbenotifiedUbytheHODfromtimetotime
MB2 03 MICROBIOLOGY
Credit:4:0:0 Marks (40+60)
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UNIT– IIntroduction
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Basicofmicrobialexistence;historyofmicrobiology,classificationand nomenclatureof
microorganism, microscopicexaminationofmicroorganisms,lightandelectronmicroscopy;
principlesofdifferenntstainingtechniqueslikegramstaining,acidfast,capsularstaining,
flagellarstaining.
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UNIT– IIMicrobes-StructureandMultiplication
Structuralorganizationandmultiplicationofbacteria,viruses,algaeandfungiwithaspecial
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mentionoflifehistoryof actinomycetes, yeast,mycoplasmaandbacteriophage.
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UNIT– IIIMicrobialNutrition, GrowthAndMetabolism
Nutritional requirements of bacteria and different media used for bacterial culture, growth
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curve and different methods to quantitate bacterial growth, aerobic and anaerobic
bioenergetics,utilization ofenergyforbiosynthesis ofimportant molecules.
UNIT– IVControlof Microorganisms
Physicaland chemical controlofmicroorganisms;host-microbeinteractions;anti-bacterial,
anti-fungaland anti-viral agents,modeofactionandresistancetoantibiotics;clinically
important microorganisms.
SchoolofBiotechnology 8
UNIT– VIndustrialandEnvironmentalMicrobiology
Primary metabolites; secondary metabolites and their applications; preservation of food;
production of penicillin, alcohol, Vit.B ; biogas; bioremediation; leaching of ores by
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microorganisms; biofertilizers rhizobia, cyanobacteria, mycorrhizae (AMFungi) aynd
biopesticides;microorganismsandpollutioncontrol;biosensors.
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TextBook
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1. Pelczar MJ, Chan ECS And Krein NR, Microbiology, Tata McGraw Hill Edition,
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NewDelhi, India.
2. Prasad B.N., “A Text Book of Biotechnology”, (2003) Budha Academic Enterprises,
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G.P.O.,Box 20195,Kathmandu,Nepal.
References e
1. Talaron K,TalaronA, Casita,Pelczar andReid.FoundationsinMicrobiology,
W.C.BrownPublishers, 1993.
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2. Prescott LM, Harley JP, Klein DA, Microbiology, 3rd Edition, Wm. C. Brown
Publishers,1996.
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3. Prasad B.N., “Biotechnology in Sustainable Biodiversity and Food Security” (2003),
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Oxford&IBH,NewDelhi.
MB204MICROUBIOLOGYLAB
Credit:0:0:1 Marks (50+50)
6experimentswillbenotifiedbytheHODfromtimetotime

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MB205MOLECULARBIOLOGY
Credit:4:0:0 Marks (40+60)
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UNIT– IClassicalGenetics
Mendelian geneticsn, linkage, crossing over, classical experiments – Hershey and chase;
AveryMcLeod &McCarty.Bacterialconjugation,transductionandtransformation.
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UNIT– IIDNAReplication
Replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, D-loop and rolling circle mode of replication,
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replication of linear viral DNA. Organization of eukaryotic chromosome – cot value,
reaplicationoftelomeresin eukaryotes,DNArepair.
UNIT– IIITranscription
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Prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription, features of promoters and enhancers, transcription
factors,inhibitors,post-transcriptionalmodification- RNAsplicing,ribozyme.RNA editing.
UNIT– IVTranslation
Elucidation of genetic code, process of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, suppressor
mutation,post-translationalmodifications,inhibitorsofproteinsynthesis.
UNIT– VRegulationofGeneExpression
Regulation at various stages of gene expression in eukaryotes and prokaryotes - Lac and trp
operons.
SchoolofBiotechnology 9