Santosia marshalli gen. nov., spec. nov. – a new genus and species of Corduliinae from Brazil (Anisoptera: Corduliidae)

5 Pages·1992·0.65 MB·English

by  Costa, J M

Odonalologica21(2):235-239 June I.1992
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Santosiamarshalligen. nov., spec. nov. - a new genus
and species of Corduliinaefrom Brazil
(Anisoptera: Corduliidae)
J.M.Costa andT.C. Santos
DepartmentofEntomology,Museu Nacional,Universidade FederaldoRiode Janeiro,
QuintadaBoa Vista,BR-20942 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Received January 15, 1991 / Revised andAccepted January 19, 1992
The new sp.is described and illustrated froma single cJ (NovaFriburgo, Hotel
Fazenda SaoJoao, Picodo MonroSao Joao, Riode Janeiro,alt, 1820 m, 10-III-1990),
depositedin Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. It fits wellin the subfamily and is
separatedfrom otherBraziliangeneraby: sectors ofarculusseparated atoriginin all
wings,superiorappendagesdivergingdistally,andsynthoraxwithmetallic bluereflec-
tions.Akey toBrazilian Corduliinae ispresented.
INTRODUCTION
The Corduliidae are poorly represented in the neotropical region, in both
numberofspecies andnumberofindividuals, withonly 7 generaand26species.
Nine species belong to the subfamily Corduliinaeand 17 are in the subfamily
Gomphomacromiinae. ThegenusNeocorduliaisthemostrepresentative inBrazil,
with 6 species, followedby Aeschnosoma with 4 species, Dorocorduliawith 2
species and Paracordulia with 1 species.
Dorocorduliais a genusofnearctic distributionand itsexistence inBrazil is
alittledoubtful:thisdoubtcanberesolvedifweanalyse theproblem withrespect
totwo aspects already suggested by SANTOS (1968). Thatauthor,in a note on
D. errans Calvert, reaffirmedthat although nearctic and neotropical faunaand
flora had acontact through thePanama isthmus before thePaleoceneandafter
thePliocene, there are no indicationsoffaunalinteractionin the Odonataatthat
time.Otherwisethefaunalexchange occurredafterthePlioceneuntilnow, without
geographical discontinuity.
SANTOS (1968) suggested two hypotheses: (1) D.errans couldbeasurvivor
ofa migration atthe timeof the pre-paleocene continentalunion, in whichcase
236 J.M.Costa &T.C. Samos
it would represent the only known example ofthis kind in the Odonata,or (2)
a new genus shouldbe createdfor D. errans.
DE MARMELS (1988) described D. vagans from Venezuela,which differs
from D. errans by having (1) anexternal subapical toothon the superior appen-
dage,(2) thearculus nearerthesecondantenodal,and(3)thenodusina considera-
bly more distalposition. Thedifferencesdescribedby GEIJSKES (1970)between
the neotropical and nearctical species lead us to accept provisionally Santos’
second hypothesis; however,amore detailedstudy on thisproblem is conducted
atthe moment by ProfessorA.B.M. Machado.
Thescarcity ofCorduliinaeinSouthAmericamaybe duetothefact thatmost
ofthespecies fly atdawn,though thespecimen ofthisnew genuswas collected
duringthe day.
KEYTO THE BRAZILIANCORDULIINAE GENERA
la Supratrianglewithoutcross veins; trianglestraversed ornottraversed; with I cubito-anal cross
vein infore wingand 1 or2 cross veins inhind wing;M3 and M4notundulate 2
b Supratrianglewithcross veins; all triangles traversed,with2or 3 cells;2ormore cubito-anal
cross veins in fore and hind wings; M3 and M4 undulate Aeschnosoma
2a Trianglesoffore andhindwingsnottraversed;I cubito-anal cross vein in fore andhind wings;
analloopelongate,slightlytruncate at distal end; 2rows ofcellsin discoidalfield infore wing;
distal end ofanal loop at level ofmiddle fork ofM;anal areaofhind wing with 2or3 rows
ofcells Dorocordulia
b Triangle in fore wingtraversed butin hind wing nottraversed 3
3a Sectors ofarculus in hind wingconnected forsome distance; nodus offore wingat %length
ofwing; 10-11 antenodalcross veins infore wing; distal endofanal loopslightlytruncated;
superioranal appendagelongerthaninferioranalappendage,curved inward Paracordulia
....
b Sectors ofarculus separated atorigin infore andhind wings; nodusin fore wing at % length
ofwing; 8antenodalcross veins infore wing;distal end anal loopnottruncated; superioranal
appendage'A longerthan inferior anal appendage,divergingapically Santosiagen.nov.
SANTOSIA GEN. NOV.
The position ofthe new genusin the subfamily is supported by thefollowing
structural features: triangle offore wings traversed; subtriangles with 3 cells;
triangles ofhind wings nearto arculus; sectors ofarculus diverging atorigin.
Description. — Triangles offore wings traversed with 2 cells, in hind
wings not traversed;M4and Cu1 offorewings converging distally; M3andM4
in forewings not undulate; sectors ofarculus offore wings diverging atorigin;
7th-10thabdominalsegmentsswollen; anteriorlaminasmall, 1 cubito-analcross
vein in fore andhindwings. We considerthis new genusmost closely alliedto
Paracordulia Martin.
Type species: Santosia marshalligen. n., sp. n.
Santosia marshalli gen.n., sp, n. 237
SANTOSIA MARSHALLI SPEC. NOV.
Figures 1-11
Material. - Holotype<5: NovaFriburgo, HotelFazenda Sao Joao, PicodoMorro Sao Joao,
Rio de Janeiro,alt. 1820 m, 11:00h, 10-III-1990,J.M.Costa & S.A. Marshall leg.,depositedin
Museu Nacional,Rio de Janeiro,
male(holotype). — Large (52 mm), dark brown.
Vertexdark brownwith metallicblueluster; Irons ferrugineous with metallic
blue luster; top offrons with 2 tubercules, separated by a deep, central furrow;
postclypeus, anteclypeus, labrumandlabiumwith ablueluster; occipital triangle
large.
Synthorax dark metallic, coxa and trochanterbrownish; secondpair oftibiae
with keels (Fig. 5).
Fore wings 37 mm long, 11 mm wide (Fig. 1), hind wings 35 mm long, 10
mm wide; venationwith dense net-work of cross veins; distalendofanal area
angulated; triangle offore wing traversed but that ofhind wing not traversed;
pterostigma small, 3 mm long, 1 mm wide; costal side of forewing triangles
straight; subtriangles of fore wings with 3 cells; triangles ofhind wings near
arculus; sectors ofarculus diverging atorigin in fore and hind wings; supratri-
angles in fore and hind wings not traversed; 1 cell between distalend ofanal
loop andhindmarginofwing;basilarspaceinforeandhindwings free; 1 cubito-
-anal cross vein (Cu-a) in fore wing, 2 in hindwing; M3 and M4 not undulate;
discoidal fieldoffore wing parallel sided, slightly narrowed to the distalend
with2 rows ofcells, in themedianregion two columnswith 3cells; MSPLwith
6 cellsin fore and hind wings; RSPLwith 8 cells in fore andhind wings;anal
area beginning with 1 cell, totalling 18cellsuntil distalendofanalloop;arculus
proximal to second antenodalinall wings; 8antenodalsinforewings,5 inright
hind wing and 6in left hind wing;7 postnodals in left fore wing and8 in right
forewing; 8 postnodals in left hind wing and 9 in right hind wing; anal loop
elongate, not truncated, with2 rows of cells, 2 cells inthebase ofanalloop and
4in the end; distalend ofanal loop at level ofmiddlefork ofM; membranule
blackish to darkbrown,extended beyond anal triangle,anal triangle with2cells;
proximal side ofanal triangle '/>of costal side; 2 accessory bridges in left fore
wing; IR2 beginning at distal endofpterostigma inall wings.
Abdomendarkbrown with metalliclusteron first abdominalsegments,2 first
segments swollen, 7-10 dilated; superior anal appendages as long as segments
9+10 (Fig. 7) with tips divergent (Fig. 6), withoutbasal tooth; inferior anal
appendage triangular (Fig. 8), withtip rounded,aboutValength ofsuperior anal
appendage. Genitalia of 2nd segment with small anterior lamina not visible
laterally; hamules with rectangular slender endpoint not parallel to the ventral
carinaof the genital fossa; (Figs 4, 9) genital lobe rounded (Fig. 4), auricles
small, rounded(Figs 2, 3); penis as in Figures 10 and 11.
FEMALE — unknown.
238 J.M.Costa& T.C.Santos
Figs 1-11.Santosia marshalli gen. n.,sp. n„ holotype 3:(I)rightfore and hind wings; — (2) 1st
and 2nd abdominal segments; — (3)auricles; — (4)hamules; — (5)middletibia; — (6)superior
appendages, dorsal view; — (7)anal appendages,lateral view; — (8) inferiorappendage; — (9)
hamules; — (10-11)penis, lateral view.
Santosia marshalli gen. n.,sp. n. 239
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ThisresearchwassupportedbyCNPq andUFRJ.We wouldlike tothankLUISANTONIOALVES
COSTAforthe drawingsthat illustrate this article.
REFERENCES
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DEMARMELS,J.,1988.OdonataordragonfliesfromCerrodelaNeblinaandtheadjacentlowland
between the Rio Baria,the Casiquiareandthe RioNegro(Venezuela).I.Adults.Boln Acad.
Cien.fisic.mat. natur.,Caracas 25: 11-78, 89-91.
GEIJSKES, D.C., 1970. Generic characters oftheSouthAmerican Corduliidae,withdescriptionsof
thespecies foundin theGuyanas.Stud.Fauna Suriname 12(44): 1-42,pis 1-2excl.
SANTOS, N.D., 1968. Notas sobreDorocordulia erransCalvert, 1909 (Odonata: Corduliidae).Alas
Soc.Biol.Rio deJ. 11(6):201-202.