Samuel’s Manual of Neurologic Therapeutics

1218 Pages·2017·4.4 MB·English

by  Martin A. Samuels

SAMUELS’S MANUAL
OF NEUROLOGIC
THERAPEUTICS
Ninth Edition
EDITORS
Martin A. Samuels, MD, DSc (hon), FAAN, MACP, FRCP,
FANA
Chairman
Department of Neurology
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Miriam Sydney Joseph Professor of Neurology
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Allan H. Ropper, MD, FACP, FAAN
Executive Vice-Chairman
Department of Neurology
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Professor of Neurology
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Executive Editor: Rebecca Gaertner
Acquisitions Editor: Chris Teja
Editorial Coordinator: Emily Buccieri
Strategic Marketing Manager: Rachel Mante Leung
Production Project Manager: David Orzechowski
Design Coordinator: Joan Wendt
Manufacturing Coordinator: Beth Welsh
Prepress Vendor: Absolute Service, Inc.
Ninth edition
Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer.
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Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Samuels, Martin A., editor. | Ropper, Allan H., editor.
Title: Samuels’s manual of neurologic therapeutics / editors, Martin A.
Samuels, Allan H. Ropper.
Description: Ninth edition. | Philadelphia : Wolters Kluwer Health, [2017] |
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016056638 | eISBN 9781496360342
Subjects: | MESH: Nervous System Diseases—diagnosis | Nervous System
Diseases—therapy | Outlines
Classification: LCC RC349.8 | NLM WL 18.2 | DDC 616.8/046—dc23 LC
record
available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016056638
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Dedication
This edition of Samuels’s Manual of Neurologic Therapeutics is dedicated to
H. Richard Tyler who died during the preparation of this book. Rick was a
brilliant neurologist, teacher, and bibliophile, who preceded one of us (MAS)
as the Chief of Neurology at the Brigham. He arrived at the then Peter Bent
Brigham Hospital in 1951 as an intern, having received his medical degree
from Washington University. He then trained in neurology at the Boston City
Hospital. After stints at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
in London and the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris, he was recruited back to the
Brigham to become the first full-time neurologist and then in the Department of
Medicine. During his 32-year tenure in that leadership role, neurology was
greatly expanded. Through merger with the Boston Hospital for Women and the
Robert Breck Brigham Hospital, the institution became the Brigham and
Women’s Hospital in 1975 in which Rick led neurology until he stepped down
in 1988. After leaving the leadership position in Brigham Neurology, he
continued to practice full-time, right up until his sudden death in 2016.
As the lone neurologist in a general hospital, Rick Tyler focused on the
neurologic aspects of medical and surgical diseases, particularly those in
which the Brigham was a leading institution. He characterized the physiologic
nature of asterixis and tremor, the typical movement disorders seen in patients
with metabolic encephalopathies. The Brigham was the site of the first renal
transplantation, so Rick became the reigning expert on the neurologic
manifestation of chronic kidney disease, including renal replacement therapy,
dialysis, and transplantation. He was expert in the neurologic manifestation of
alcoholism and malnutrition, including vitamin and mineral deficiency
syndromes. He also articulated the most important neurologic aspects of
congenital heart disease in adults.
Rick Tyler was a serious medical historian and collector of rare books. His
extraordinary collection was donated to the American Academy of Neurology
where it is curated and displayed at his medical alma mater, Washington
University in St. Louis. Residents and students from several generations were
treated to his dissertations on important landmarks in neurologic history,
illustrated by one or more of his rare books. The library in the Department of
Neurology at the Brigham is dedicated to Rick and serves as the epicenter of
all of the academic activities of the department.
Harvard medical students from several eras all remember his compelling
lectures on neurology, which emphasized his dedication to a careful neurologic
history and examination. His patients adored and respected him, realizing that
he would always be there to help them with their suffering—always willing to
listen and to offer new ideas for relief. To him, medicine was a calling, not just
an occupation. He worked days, nights, weekends, and holidays. Rick Tyler
represented a brand of personalized medicine that we can only hope to emulate
in the modern era.
Despite his dedication to work, he demonstrated a deep commitment to his
family, his wife and children, many of whom paid him the greatest compliment
by becoming distinguished physicians and surgeons in their own rights. The
editors and authors, almost all of whom are now working in the Department of
Neurology at the Brigham, are delighted and honored to dedicate this ninth
edition of Samuels’s Manual of Neurologic Therapeutics to one of great
treating neurologists, H. Richard Tyler.
Martin A. Samuels
Allan H. Ropper
Cover design adapted with permission from Leavitt S, Tyler HR. Studies in
asterixis, part I. Arch Neurol. 1964;10(4):360–368. Figure 9, page 366.
Copyright © (1964) American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Association of asterixis with an absolute silent period, synchronous in three
muscle groups.
Contents
Contributing Authors
Foreword by Thomas Sabin
Preface
Preface to the First Edition
1 Coma, Head Trauma, and Spinal
Cord Injury
Galen V. Henderson and Matthew B. Bevers
2 Epilepsy
Rani A. Sarkis and Barbara Dworetzky
3 Dizziness
Gregory T. Whitman and Robert W. Baloh
4 Back and Neck Pain
Allan H. Ropper
5 Sleep Disorders
Milena Pavlova
6 Cancer Neurology
Eudocia Quant Lee and Patrick Y. Wen
7 Multiple Sclerosis and Related
Disorders
Maria K. Houtchens and James M. Stankiewicz
8 Autoimmune Disorders
Ivana Vodopivec and Henrikas Vaitkevicius
9 Neuromuscular Junction Disorders
and Myopathies
Anthony A. Amato and Mohammad Kian Salajegheh
10 Motor Neuropathies and Peripheral
Neuropathies
Mohammad Kian Salajegheh and Anthony A. Amato
11 Chronic Pain
Daniel D. Vardeh
12 Headache and Facial Pain
Paul B. Rizzoli and Elizabeth Loder
13 Stroke and Cerebrovascular
Disorders
Henrikas Vaitkevicius and Steven K. Feske
14 Movement Disorders
Jordan D. Paulson and Lewis R. Sudarsky
15 Behavioral and Cognitive
Neurology
Seth A. Gale and Kirk Daffner
16 Management of Neurologic
Disorders in Resourc e-Limited
Settings
Aaron L. Berkowitz
17 Neuroophthalmology
Robert M. Mallery and Sashank Prasad
18 Toxic and Metabolic Disorders
Shamik Bhattacharyya and Martin A. Samuels
19 Infectious Diseases
Jennifer Lyons and Tracey A. Cho
Drug Index
Subject Index
Contributing Authors
Anthony A. Amato, MD
Chief, Division of Neuromuscular Diseases
Department of Neurology
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Professor of Neurology
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Robert W. Baloh, MD
Director, Neuro-otology Clinic and Laboratory
Ronald Reagan Medical Center
Professor of Neurology and Head and Neck Surgery
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Los Angeles, California
Aaron L. Berkowitz, MD, PhD
Director, Global Neurology Program
Department of Neurology
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Assistant Professor of Neurology
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Matthew B. Bevers, MD, PhD
Neurointensivist, Division of Critical Care Neurology
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Instructor in Neurology
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, MS
Associate Neurologist
Brigham and Women’s Hospital