Sally-Ann Ashton

225 Pages·2017·14.81 MB·English

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Chapter 3: Evidence for and function of Egyptian-style royal representations

Section 3.1 Pre-Ptolemaic Egyptian-style royal portraiture. 70

Section 3.2 Evidence for Egyptian-style Ptolemaic royal representations. 73

Section 3.3 Third century BC male rulers. 75

Section 3.4 Second to first century BC male rulers. 83

Section 3.5 Third century BC queens. 86

Section 3.6 Second century BC queens. 88

Section 3.7 First century BC queens. 91

Section 3.8 Conclusion. 94
Chapter 4: The interaction between Greek and Egyptian elements
on Ptolemaic royal portraiture

Section 4.1 Introduction 95

Section 4.2 Greek-style portraits manufactured in Egyptian hard stones 98

Section 4.3 Egyptian-style portraits of Ptolemaic queens with Greek 100
features.

Section 4.4 Egyptian-style statues of male rulers with Greek portrait 104
features.

Section 4.5 Function. 116

Section 4.6 Conclusion. 122
Chapter 5: Representations of Isis, Egypt and the Ptolemaic queens

Section 5.1 Introduction. 123

Section 5.2 Chronology and identification. 126

Section 5.3 Origins. 137

Section 5.4 Function of the Egyptian statues. 140

Section 5.5 Hellenistic and Roman Isis. 142

Section 5.6 Conclusion. 146
Chapter 6: Sarapis and the royal house

Section 6.1 Introduction and origins of Sarapis. 147

Section 6.2 Ptolemaic Sarapis. 149
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Section 6.3 Memphis. 150

Section 6.4 The hemicycle. 154

Section 6.5 The dromos. 164

Section 6.6 Discussion and interpretation. 167

Section 6.7 The Sarapieion at Alexandria. 172

Section 6.8 Conclusion. 179
Chapter 7: Conclusions

Section 7.1 Introduction. 182

Section 7.2 The Egyptian-style representations of male rulers. 184

Section 7.3 The Egyptian-style representations of royal women. 185

Section 7.4 Archaism. 189

Section 7.5 Egyptian influence on Greek sculpture. 191

Section 7.6 Conclusion. 193

Appendix I Sculpture 195

Appendix II Non-Sculpture 200

Bibliography 204
List of Illustrations

Table 1 Statues representing Ptolemaic queens, Chapter 5. 125

Figure 1 Plan of the Sarapieion, Memphis. 153
After Lauer and Picard (1955).

Figure 2 Suggested reconstruction of the hemicycle, Memphis. 155
After Lauer and Picard (1955).

Figure 3 Suggested reconstruction of the hemicycle, Memphis. 155
After Pietrzykowski (1976).

Figure 4 Suggested reconstruction of the hemicycle, Memphis. 155
Ashton (1999).

Figure 5 Female sphinx from the Sarapieion, Memphis. 166
Egyptian Museum, Cairo 27506.

Figure 6 Column base or altar from Alexandria showing Greek gods. 168

Figure 7 Raphia decree. 171
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Figure 8 Plan of the Sarapieion, Alexandria. After Rowe (1946) 176

Figure 9 Sealings from Edfu, Royal Onatario Museum Toronto. 192
Contents: Volume II
Catalogue of Sculptures
Catalogue number

I. Copenhagen, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek 2300 231

2. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 849 233

3. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 3261 235

4. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 237

5. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 39522 238

6. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3270 239

7. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 19088 242

8. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 23926 243

9. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 3168 244

10. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 2657 246

11. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 4164 248

12. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 39520 250

13. Boston, Boston Museum of Fine Arts 01.8208 252

14. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 19122 254

15. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 56437 255

16. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 22185 256

17. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 3262 257

18. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 3532 258

19. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 24092 260

20. Private Collection, W.K. Simpson 262

21. Boston, Boston Museum of Fine Arts 59.51 264

22. Malibu, California, J.P. Getty Museum 83.AA.330 266

23. Malibu, California, J.P. Getty Museum 83.AA.205 269

24. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 24.660 272
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25. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 42891 274

26. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 3449 276

27. Bonn, Akademisches Kunstmuseum der Universität B284 278

28. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 31877 279

29. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3262 281

30. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3252 283

31. Brooklyn, Brooklyn Museum of Art 16.5 80.82 284

32. Cairo, Egyptian Museum CG 27468 286

33. Mariemont, Musée Royal de Mariemont 161 287

34. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 39518 289

35. Ex-Collection J. Hirsch 290

36. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 39517 292

37. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 39519 293

38. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3260 294

39. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 39525 295

40. Kassel, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen SK. 115 296

41. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 14942 298

42. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3279 300

43. Mariemont, Musée Royal de Mariemont 264 301

44. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3908 303

45. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 3539 305

46. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 3527 307

47. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 23052 308

48. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 37188 309

49. Boston, Boston Museum of Fine Arts 01.8207 310

50. Mantua, Palazzo Ducale L3 312

51. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3274 313

52. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 35334 314

53. Faiyum, Karanis Museum 316

54. Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery 23.6 317

55. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3273 318

56. Paris, Musée du Louvre MA 3546 319
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57. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3420 321

58. Berlin, Antiken Museum 1976.10 322

59. Vatican, Museo Gregoriano Egizio 179 324

60. Cherchel, Cherchel Museum 31 326

61. Alexandria, Sarapieion (west of pillar) 328

62. Alexandria, Sarapieion (east of pillar) 330

63. Brooklyn, Brooklyn Museum of Art 53.75 331

64. Kansas City Missouri, Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art 34-141 333

65. Turin, Museo Egizio 1399 335

66. Brooklyn, Brooklyn Museum of Art 37.37E 337

67. London, British Museum EA 941 339

68. Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg 1585 342

69. Vatican, Museo Gregoriano Egizio 27 344

70. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art 12.187.31 346

71. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 12102 347

72. New Haven, Yale University Art Gallery 1957.7.10 349

73. Santa Barbara, ex-Brundage Collection 2-97 350

74. Private Collection of Christos G. Bastis 353

75. Paris, Musée du Louvre A 28 354

76. New Haven, Yale University Art Gallery 1.1.1953 356

77. London, British Museum EA 27390 358

78. Brussels, Musée Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire E. 1839 360

79. London, British Museum EA 659 362

80. Paris, Musée du Louvre E 8061 363

81. Munich, Agyptisches Sammlung 5339 365

82. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 22979 367

83. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art 1981.224.1 368

84. Vatican, Museo Gregoriano Egizio 25 370

85. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art 38.10 372

86. Brooklyn, Brooklyn Museum of Art 86.226.32 373

87. Private Collection, J.A. Josephson 374

88. Cairo, Egyptian Museum CG 678 376
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89 Kassel, Kassel Museum SK 77 378

90 New York, Ex-collection of the Synod of the Archbishops of the

Russian Orthodox Church outside Russia 381

91. Leiden, Rijksmuseum F 1938/7.20 384

92. Toronto, Royal Ontario Museum 910.75 386

93. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum no number 388

94. New York, E. Brummer Collection 389
(ex-Brooklyn Museum of Art TL 72.150.2)

95. San Jose, California, Rosicrucian Museum 1582 392

96. Turin, Museo Egizio 1385 394

97. Paris, Musée du Louvre E 13102 397

98. Mariemont, Musée Royal de Mariemont E 49 399

99. Brooklyn, Brooklyn Museum of Art 70.91.3 401

100. Copenhagen, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek I.N. 586 403

101. Copenhagen, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek 1472 405

102. London, British Museum GR 1926.4-15.15 407

103. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 21992 408

104. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 25264 410

105. Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum 406 411

106. Toronto, Royal Ontario Museum 950.69.1 412

107. Cairo, Egyptian Museum JE 12108 413

108. Berlin, Agyptisches Museum 14568 415

109. Berlin, Agyptisches Museum 13457 416

110. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3357 417

111. Athens, National Museum 108 419

112. Erlangen, Archaologisches Museum no number 423

113. Narmouthis, Temple of Sobek 426

114. Narmouthis, Temple of Sobek 427

115. Alexandria, Kom El-Dikka 105 429

116. Alexandria, Kom El-Dikka 1001 430

117. Milan, Musei e Gallerie di Milano E 193 431

118. Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum 5787 433
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119. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 12070 435

120. Berlin, Agyptisches Museum 14079 436

121. Copenhagen, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek 294 438

122. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3364 440

123. Athens, National Museum ANE 88 442

124. New York, Private Collection L. Stem 444

125. Warsaw, National Museum 148171 447

126. Brooklyn, Brooklyn Museum of Art 54.117 449

127. Bologna, Museo Civico Archaeologico di Bologna KS 1803 451

128. Mantua, Palazzo Ducale 98 454

129. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 11275 457

130. Boston, Boston Museum of Fine Arts 1990.3 14 459

131. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 11335 461

132. Alexandria, Greco-Rornan Museum 31448 463

133. Cairo, Egyptian Museum CG 27472 464

134. Paris, Musée du Louvre E 11197 466

135. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 344 467

136. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art 20.2.2 1 468

137. New Haven, Yale University Art Gallery 1931.106 471

138. Alexandria, Kom El-Dikka no number and 106 473

139. Alexandria, Kom E1-Dikka 1005 476

140. Ma'amura. Present location unknown. 477

141. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 31424 479

142. Brooklyn, Brooklyn Museum of Art 74.220 480

143. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3222 481

144. St. Petersburg, Hermitage Museum 3936 482

145. Brooklyn, Brooklyn Museum of Art 71.12 484

146. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art 89.2.660 486

147. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 18370 489

148. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum E27. 1981 491

149. Cairo, Egyptian Museum 27473 493

150. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3916 494
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151. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 3912 496

152. Alexandria, Greco-Roman Museum 14941 497

153. Memphis Sarapieion 498

154. Memphis Sarapieion 500

155. Memphis Sarapieion 502

156. Memphis Sarapieion 504

157. Memphis Sarapieion 505

158. Memphis Sarapieion 506

159. Memphis Sarapieion 508

160. Memphis Sarapieion 509

161. Memphis Sarapieion 510

162. Memphis Sarapieion 511

163. Memphis Sarapieion 512

164. Memphis Sarapieion 513

165. Memphis Sarapieion 515
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Abbreviations
AA Archaologischer Anzeiger
AF Archaologische Forschungen
AGWG Abhandlungen der Gesellschaft der
Wissenschaft zu Gottingen
AJA American Journal ofArchaeology
Alexandria and Alexandrianism The J. Paul Getty Museum, Alexandria and
Alexandrianism: Papers Delivered at a
Symposium Organized by The J. Paul Getly
Museum and The Getty Center for the History
of Art and the Humanities and Held at the
Museum, April 22-25, 1993 (Malibu, California
1996).
AM Athenische Mitteilungen
AMGR Annuaire du Musée Gréco-Romain
AntCl L 'Antiquité Classique
AntK Antike Kunst
Arch. Cl. Archeologica Classica
AS Ancient Society
ASAE Annales du Service des Antiquités de 1 'Egypte
AsAtene Annuario della regia scuola archeologica di
Atene
ASP American Studies in Papyrology
BES Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar
BdA Bolletino d'Arte
BHM Bulletin of the Hermitage Museum
BICS Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies
BIE Bulletin de 1 'Institut de 1 'Egypte
BIFA 0 Bulletin de 1 'Institut Fran cais de 1 'Archéologie
Orientale
BJRL Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
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BMA The Brooklyn Museum ofArt
BMMA Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum ofArt
BMNHBA Bulletin du Musée National Hongrois des
Beaux-Arts
BSAA Bulletin de la Société Archéologique
d 'Alexandrie
CAH VII Cambridge Ancient History VII. 1: The
Hellenistic World (2 ed. 1984)
CAJ Cambridge Archaeological Journal
CdE Chronique d 'Egypte
CEA Connaissance de l'Egypte Ancienne.
DiE Discussions in Egyptology
EPRO Etudes Préliminaires aux Religions Orientales
dans 1'Empire Romain
ET Etudes et Travaux
FIFAO Fouilles de 1'Institut Francais de 1'Archeologie
Orientale
GLEES Comptes Rendus du Groupe Linguistique
d 'Etudes C'hamito-Sémitiques
GM Gottinger Miszellen
GMJ The J. Paul Getly Museum Journal
HCS Hellenistic Culture and Society
Hefte Hefte des Archaologischen Seminars der
Univerität Bern
JARCE Journal of the American Research Center in
Egypt
JBM Jahrbuch der Berliner Museen
JDI Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archaologischen
Inst it uts
JEA Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
JHS Journal of Hellenic Studies