Saline Lakes: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Athalassic (inland) Saline Lakes, held at Banyoles, Spain, May 1988

312 Pages·1990·14.05 MB·English

by  A. V. Arakel, G. Jacobson, W. B. Lyons (auth.), Franciso A. Comín, Thoma G. Northcote (eds.)

Saline Lakes
Developments in Hydrobiology 59
Series editor
H. J. Dumont
Saline Lakes
Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium
on Athalassic (inland) Saline Lakes, held at 8anyoles, Spain, May 1988
Edited by
F. A. Comin and T. G. Northcote
Reprinted from Hydrobiologia, vol. 197 (1990)
Kluwer Academic Publishers
Dordrecht / Boston / London
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
International Symposium on Athalasslc (Inland) Saline Lakes (4th
1988 : Banyoles, Spain>
Saline lakes: proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium
on Athalassic (Inland) Saline Lakes, held at Banyoles, Spain, May
1988 I edited by F.A. Comin andtT.G. Northcote.
p. cm. -- (Developments and hydrobiology : 59)
1. Salt lakes--Congresses. 2. Salt pans (Geology)--Congresses.
I. Comin, F. A. (Francisco A.) II. Northcote. T. G. III. Title.
IV. Series.
OH95.9.1571988
574. 5' 2636--dc20 90-4665
ISBN-13: 978-94-010-6759-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-0603-7
DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-0603-7
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v
Contents
Editors' preface by F. A. Comin & T. G. Northcote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VIi
List of participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1X
Group photograph ................................................................. Xli
1. Sediment-water interaction as a control on geochemical evolution of playa lake systems in
the Australian arid interior
by A. V. Arake, G. Jacobson & W. B. Lyons ................................... 1
2. Metal concentrations in surficial sediments from hypersaline lakes, Australia
by W. B. Lyons, A. R. Chivas, R. M. Lent, S. Welch, E. Kiss, P. A. Mayewski,
D. T. Long & A. E. Carey ................................................... 13
3. Heavy metals in the Dead Sea and their coprecipitation with halite
by M. Stiller & L. Sigg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 23
4. The evolution of saline lake waters: gradual and rapid biogeochemical pathways in the B asotu
Lake District, Tanzania
by Peter Kilham & Paul L. Cloke ............................................. 35
5. Hydrogeochemistry of Lake Gallocanta (Arag6n, NE Spain)
by F. A. Comin, R. Julia, M. P. Comin & F. Plana.............................. 51
6. Recent carbonate sedimentation and brine evolution in the saline lake basins of the Cariboo
Plateau, British Columbia, Canada
by R. W. Renaut ........................................................... 67
7. Nutrients in pore waters from Dead Sea sediments
by Arie Nissenbaum, Mariana Stiller & Aminadav Nishre ........................ 83
8. Influence of salinity on the concentration and rate of interchange of dissolved phosphate
between water and sediment in Fuente Piedra lagoon (S. Spain)
by V. Clavero, J. A. Fernandez & F. X. Niell ................................... 91
9. Solubility of oxygen in the Dead Sea brine
by A. Nishri & S. Ben Yaakov ............................................... 99
10. Vernal microstratification patterns in a meromictic saline lake: their causes and biological
significance
by T. G. Northcote & K. J. Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 105
11. Production and decomposition processes in a saline meromictic lake
by K. J. Hall & T. G. Northcote .............................................. 115
12. Autumnal mixing in Mahoney Lake, British Columbia
by P. R. B. Ward, K. J. Hall, T. G. Northcote, W. Cheung & T. Murphy ........... 129
13. Changes in lake levels, salinity and the biological community of Great Salt Lake (Utah, USA),
1847-1987
by Doyle W. Stephens ...................................................... 139
14. Large-scale patterns of Nodularia spumigena blooms in Pyramid Lake, Nevada, determined
from Landsat imagery: 1972-1986
by David L. Galat, James P. Verdin & Lori L. Sims. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 147
15. The photosynthesis of Dunaliella parva Lerche as a function of temperature, light and salinity
by C. Jimenez, F. X. Niell & J. A. Fernandez. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 165
vi
16. Distribution and abundance of littoral benthic fauna in Canadian prairie saline lakes
by U. T. Hammer, J. S. Sheard & J. Kranabetter ............ .................... 173
17. Distribution and abundance of the alkali fly (Ephydra hians) Say at Mono Lake, California
(USA) in relation to physical habitat
by David B. Herbst. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 193
18. Distribution patterns of ostracods in iberian saline lakes. Influence of ecological factors
by Angel Baltanas, Carlos Montes & Paloma Martino ........................... 207
19. Anostraca, Cladocera and Copepoda of Spanish saline lakes
by M. Alonso .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 221
20. Artemia monica cyst production and recuitment in Mono Lake, Catifornia, USA
by Gayle L. Dana, Robert Jellison & John M. Melack ........................... 233
21. Comparative limnology of Sambhar and Didwana lakes (Rajasthan, NW India)
by G. R. Jakher, S. C. Bhargava & R. K. Sinha. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 245
22. Salinity as a determinant of salt lake fauna: a question of scale
by W. D. Williams, A. J. Boulton & R. G. Taaffe ................................ 257
23. Multivariate analysis of diatoms and water chemistry in Bolivian saline lakes
by S. Servant-Vildary & M. Roux ............................................. 267
24. Hydrochemistry from Sr and Mg contents of ostracodes in Pleistocene lacustrine deposits,
Baza Basin (SE Spain)
by P. Anad6n & R. Julia .................................................... 291
25. Absolute dating of sedimentation on Lake Torrens with spring deposits, South Australia
by R. M. Schmid ........................................................... 308
Hydrobiologia 197: vii-viii, 1990.
F. A. Comin and T. G. Northcote (eds), Saline Lakes. vii
Editors' preface
The IV International Symposium on Athalassic (Inland Saline Lakes took place in Banyoles
(NE Spain) during 2-8 May 1988. Participants from Australia, Japan, India, Canada, USA,
Mexico, Zambia, Israel, Austria, West Germany, France and Spain enjoyed the friendly
atmosphere of Banyoles during the formal proceedings as well as the landscape and beauty
throughout Monegros, Lake Gallocanta and La Mancha, during the excursion to visit Spanish
saline lakes. The Symposium was funded by Ministry of Education and Science, Diputacion
General de Aragon, Generalitat de Catalynya and Diputacio, and was honored by the City
Hall of Banyoles.
The studies presented by the participants included an interesting range of subjects on
different scientific aspects of saline lakes, now presented in this volume. Geochemical and
related hydrological subjects are the focus of the first group of papers (1-9), which include
both general overviews and detailed studies of particular interest. An example of the remark-
able microstratifications and temporal changes which can occur in meromictic lakes is also
presented (10-12). Two different approaches, review of historic data and satelite imagery,
clearly establish the necessity and value of long-term studies of saline lakes (13, 14). Several
papers take different types of organisms as the primary data source to focus on autoecology,
population and community ecology (15-22), including experimental and descriptive, field and
laboratory works. Paleoecological studies (23-25) complete the set of papers, which are
representative of the saline lake research developed around the world during the three years
between symposia. In addition to the formal presentations, informal discussions focussed on
the past, present and future perspectives of saline lake research.
With a view towards future symposia on saline lakes we would urge workers in this field,
especially from eastern and middle Asia, from Africa, from Central and South America and
from eastern and southeastern Europe - all areas from which there have been very few
participants at previous symposia - to contribute their studies. Furthermore international,
national and local agencies from the private as well as the public sector should be the first
to be encouraged to facilitate participation of researchers from these geographic regions in
such symposia. Their support would do much to promote international communication which
ultimately will be reflected not only in broadening of human knowledge but also in improve-
ment of cooperation and economic conditions. An excellent opportunity lies ahead in 1991,
with the V Saline Lakes Symposium beingheld in Bolivia (Convenor: Prof. Stuart Hurlbert,
Department of Biology, San Diego State University, California 92182, USA).
Unfortunately, during the editing of these proceedings Peter Kilham died working on
African lakes. We deeply regret this loss. The Kilham & Cloke paper in this volume is an
outstanding and valuable scientific work and his vigorous contributions to discussions during
presentations will be missed in future symposia.
Many people contributed to the organization of the IV Saline Lakes Symposium. Con-
venors of previous symposia - W. D. Williams, U. T. Hammer, J. M. Melack - gave useful
advice. The Department of Ecology of the University of Barcelona provided the basic facilities
and assistance. Special thanks are given to the postgraduate students Pilar Comin, Mayte
Martin and Olga Delgado, who took care of the hundreds of details to be resolved before and
during the Symposium, in addition to their management of technical, treasurership and travel
viii
arrangements. Regarding the field excursions to Spanish saline lakes, we are particularly
grateful for the contribution and guidance of J. J. Pueyo, R. Julia and J. A. De la Pefia.
All the papers were critically refereed by two independent and well qualified peers, revised
by the authors and edited before being accepted for publication. In this regard, on behalf of
the authors and ourselves, we gratefully acknowledge the help of L. Albright, J. Armengol,
W. Barnes, J. Bischoff, L. J. Borowitzka, E. R. Byron, P. Carbonel, E. Carmack, J. Cloem,
P. DeDeckker, D. L. Galat, H. L. Golterman, K. J. Hall, S. Hurlbert, J. Imberger, R. Julia,
P. Kilham, S. Kilham, J. Landwehr, W. Last, P. Lenz, B. Lyons, R. Margalef, S. McIntyre,
J. M. Melack, T. Murphy, A. Nishri, A. Nissembaum, A. Parsons, T. F. Pedersen, N. Prat,
R. Renaut, B. Timms, X. Tomas, D. Schindler, L. Sigg, G. G. E. Scudder, 1. Valiela, C. C.
van der Boch, R. F. Weiss and W. D. Williams.
The editing of the papers was greatly enhanced by the enthusiastic and meticulous assis-
tance ofP. Comin during the typing required for publication. The keen help of A. M. Domingo
in preparing drawings is also appreciated.
Finally, we strongly encourage researchers on saline lakes to attend and participate in future
sympOSIa.
FRANCISCO A. COMiN & THOMAS G. NORTH COTE
Hydrobio[ora 197: ix-xii, 1990.
F. A. Comzn and T. G. Northcote (eds), Saline Lakes. IX
List of participants
Adachi, Wakako Burk, Vincie (11) Delgado, Olga (50)
Dpt. of Earth Sciences Dpt. Ecologia
Nihon University Busson, Georges Fac. Biologia
3-25-40. Sakurajosui Laboratoire de Geologie du Museum Univ. Barcelona
Setagayaku d'Historie N aturelle Diagonal 645
Tokyo 156 43 Rue de Buffon 08028 Barcelona
Japan 75005 Paris Spain
France
Alcocer, Javier (46) Escobar, Elba (38)
Calle 15 Cabrera, LIuis Calle 15 No. 64
No. 64. San Pedro de los Pinos Dpt. Geologia Dinamica San Pedro de los Pinos
03800 Mexico Fac. Geologia 03800 Mexico
D.F. Mexico Univ. Barcelona D.F. Mexico
08028 Barcelona
Alonso, Miguel (47) Spain Everson, Robert Garth (37)
LIMNOS, SA Queenland Institute of Technology
Bruc 168 entIo. 2a Clavero, Vicente (18) GPO Box 2434
08037 Barcelona Dpt. Ecologia Brisbane
Spain Fac. Ciencias Queensland Q 4001
Universidadde Malaga Australia
Amat, Francisco (40) Campus Teatinos
Inst. Acuicultura Torre de la Sal. 29071 Malaga Everson, Floranne J. (17)
CSIC Spain
Ribera de Cabanes Fernandez, Jose A. (26)
Caste1l6n Comin, Francisco A (49) Dpt. Fisiologia Vegetal
Spain Dpt. Ecologia Fac. Ciencias
Fac. Biologia Univ. Malaga
Anadon, Pere Univ. Barcelona Campus Teatinos
Inst. Geol. Jaume Almera. CSIC Diagonal 645 29071 Malaga
Martti i Franques sin 08028 Barcelona Spain
08028 Barcelona Spain
Spain Galat, David (21)
Comin, Pilar (48) Dpt. Zoology
Arakel, Aro V. (42) Dpt. Ecologia Arizona State University
Dpt. Applied Geology Fac. Biologia Tempe, AZ 85287-1501
Queensland Institute of Technology Univ. Barcelona USA
GPO Box 2434 Diagonal 645 New Address:
Brisbane Q 4001 08028 Barcelona Missouri Cooperative Fish & Wild-
Australia Spain life Research Unit
112 Stephens Hall
Baltanas, Angel Dana, Gayle (14) Univ. of Missouri
Museo Nacional de Ciencias Natu- Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Columbia, MO 65211
rales Lab USA
Jose Guutierrez Abascal 2 Univ. of California
28006 Madrid Rt 1. Box 198
Spain Mammoth Lakes, CA 93546
USA
Numbers in parentheses refer to identities in the group photograph.
x
Galvez, Jose Angel (10) Jehl, Joseph R. Jr. (3) Martin, Mayte (51)
Dpt. Ecologia Sea World Research Institute Dpt. Ecologia
Fac. Ciencias Hubbs Marine Research Center Fac. Biologia
Univ. Malaga 1700 South Shores Rd. Univ. Barcelona
Campus Teatinos San Diego, CA 92109 Diagonal 645
29071 Malaga USA 08028 Barcelona
Spain Spain
Jimenez, Carlos (39)
Garcia, Carlos M. (8) Dpt. Ecologia Martinez, Asunci6n (27)
Dpt. Ecologia Fac. Ciencias Dept. Zoologia
Fac. Ciencias Univ. Malaga Fac. Biologia
Univ. Malaga Campus Teatinos Univ. Sevilla
Campus Teatinos 29071 Malaga 21080 Sevilla
29071 Malaga Spain Spain
Spain
Julia, Ram6n Martino, Paloma
Hall, Ken J. (19) Inst. Geol. Dpt. Ecologia
Westwater Research Center Jaume Almera CSIC Fac. Ciencias
Univ. of British Columbia Marti i Franques sin Ciudad Universiataria Canto Blanco
Vancouver, B.C. 08028 Barcelona Univ. Aut6noma de Madrid
Canada V6T IW5 Spain 28049 Madrid
Spain
Hall, Shannon (20) Kilham, Peter (12)
Miracle, Rosa (28)
Hammer, U. Theodore (35) Kilham, Susan (53) Dpt. Ecologia
Biology Dpt. Dpt. Biology Univ. Valencia
Univ. of Saskatchewan Univ. of Michigan Dr. Moliner 50
Saskatoon, Sask Ann Arbor, MI 48109 46100 Burjasot
Canada SIN OWO USA Valencia
Spain
Herbst, David B. (7) Konig, Dietrich (31)
Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Sandkoppel39 Montes, Carlos
Lab. D-2300 Kronshagen b. Kiel Dpt. Ecologia
Univ. of California FGR Fac. Ciencias
Rt 1. Box 198 Ciudad Universitaria Canto Blanco
Mammoth Lakes, CA 93546 Lyons, W. Barry (36) Univ. Aut6noma de Madrid
USA EOS University of New Hampshire 28049 Madrid
Durham, NH 03824 Spain
Hontoria, Francisco (41) USA
Inst. Acuicultura Torre de la Sal Niell, F. Xavier (15)
CSIC Maest, Ann S. (13) Dpt. Ecologia
Ribera de Cabanes U.S. Geological Survey Fac. Ciencias
Caste1l6n MS 420 Universidadde Malaga
Spain Menlo Park, CA 94025 Campus Teatinos
USA 29071 Malaga
Hurlbert, Stuart (2) Spain
Dpt. Biology Margalef, Ram6n (16)
San Diego State University Dpt. Ecologia Nishri, Aminadav (54)
San Diego, CA 92182 Fac. Biologia IOLR
USA Univ. Barcelona The Kinneret Limnological Labora-
Diagonal 645 tory
Jakher, Ganga R. (32) 08028 Barcelona POB 345
Dpt. of Zoology Spain Tiberias 14102
Univ. of Jodhpur Israel
Jodhpur 342 003
India