Safe Work in the 21st Century: Education and Training Needs for the Next Decade's Occupational Safety and Health Personnel

265 Pages·2000·8.07 MB·English

by  Committee to Assess Training Needs for Occupational Safety and Health Personnel in the United States

SAFE WORK
i111l1e
i 21ST
CENTURY
-.
"'1lIll1ir
.. llIIlIaIl
- ....
--
.... " ,".
http://www.nap.edu/openbookJ0309070260/html/R1.html. copyright, 2000 The National Academy of Sciences, all rights reserved
SAFE WORK
in the 21 ST CENTURY
fducation and Training Needs for
the Next Decade's Occupational
Safety and Health Personnel
Committee to Assess Training Needs for
Occupational Safety and Health Personnel in the United States
Board on Health Sciences Policy
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, DC
http://www.nap.edu/openbookJ0309070260/html/R2.html. copyright, 2000 The National Academy of Sciences, all rights reserved
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS· 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW • Washington, DC 20418
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board
of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the
National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of
Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for this report were chosen for their
special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
Support for this project was provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the U'S. Department of
Veterans Affairs, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the American
Association of Occupational Health Nurses, and the American Academy of IndustrialHy-
gicnc. This support docs not constitute endorsement of the views expressed in the report.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Safe work in the 21st century: education and training needs for the next decade's
occupational safety and health personnel / Committee to Assess Training Needs for
Occupational Safety and Health Personnel in the United States, Health Sciences Policy
Division, Institute of Medicine.
p,em
Includes bibliographical references,
ISBN 0-309-07026-0
1. Industrial hygiene. 2. Industrial safety. 1.Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee
to Access Training Needs for Occupational Safety and Health Personnel in the United
States.
RC967.s215 2000
616,9'803---dc21 00-055005
Additional copies of this report arc available for sale from the National Academy Press,
2l(J1 Constitution Avenue, NW, Box 285, Washington, DC 20055. Call [phone] or (202)
334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area), or visit the NAP's on-line bookstore at
www.nap.edu.
The full text of the report is available on-line at www.nap.edu.
For more information about the Institute of Medicine, visit the 10M home page at
www.iom.edu.
Copyright 2000 by the National Academy of Sciences, All rights reserved,
Printed in the United States of America.
Cover photograph: Window Washer on the Empire State Building. Photographer: Earl
Dotter,
The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all
cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a
logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the
Staatliche Museen in Berlin.
http://www.nap.edu/openbookJ0309070260/html/R3.html. copyright, 2000 The National Academy of Sciences, all rights reserved
"Knowing is not enough)' we must apply.
Willing is not enough; we must do..1'
-Goethe
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE
Shaping the Future for Health
http://www.nap.edu/openbookJ0309070260/html/R4.html. copyright, 2000 The National Academy of Sciences, all rights reserved
L
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
Institute of Medicine
National Research Council
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating soci-
ety of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedi-
cated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general
welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863,
the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on
scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National
Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter
of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding
engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its mem-
bers, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advis-
ing the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors
engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education
and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. William
A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of
Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in
the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The
Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences
by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon
its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr.
Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sci-
ences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with
the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal gov-
ernment. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the
Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the
National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in pro-
viding services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering
communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the
Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman
and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.
http://www.nap.edu/openbookJ0309070260/html/R5.html. copyright, 2000 The National Academy of Sciences, all rights reserved
COMMITTEE TO ASSESS TRAINING NEEDS FOR
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PERSONNEL IN THE
UNITED STATES
JAMES A. MERCHANT (Chair), Dean, College of Public Health,
University of Iowa, Iowa City
LINDA HAWES CLEVER, Chairperson, Department of Occupational
Health, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco
RUTH HANFT, Independent Health Policy Consultant, Charlottesville,
Virginia
RONALD KUTSCHER, Retired Associate Commissioner, Office of
Economic Growth and Employment Projections, Bureau of Labor
Statistics, Washington, nc.
JAMES A. OPPOLD, Occupational Safety and Health Consultant,
Raleigh, North Carolina
M.E. BONNIE ROGERS, Director, Occupational Health Nursing
Program, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill
SCOTT SCHNEIDER, Director, Occupational Health and Safety
Program, Laborers' Health and Safety Fund of North America,
Washington, p.c.
MARTIN SEPULVEDA, Vice President, Global Occupational Health
Services, IBM Corporation, Somers, New York
ROBERT C. SPEAR, Professor of Environmental Health Sciences,
School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley
LOIS E. TETRICK, Professor of Psychology, Department of
Psychology, University of Houston
NEAL A. VANSELOW, Chancellor Emeritus, Professor of Medicine
Emeritus, School of Medicine, Tulane University
M. DONALD WHORTON, Occupational Medicine Practitioner,
President, M. Donald Whorton, Inc., Alameda, California
Board on Health Sciences Policy Liaison
MARK R. CULLEN, Professor of Medicine and Public Health,
Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, Yale
University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
Study Staff
FREDERICK J. MANNING, Project Director
ALDEN B. CHANG II, Project Assistant
v
http://www.nap.edu/openbookJ0309070260/html/R6.html. copyright, 2000 The National Academy of Sciences, all rights reserved
Institute of Medicine Staff
ANDREW POPE, Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy
HALLIE WILFERT, Administrative Assistant
CARLOS GABRIEL, Financial Associate
VI
http://www.nap.edu/openbookJ0309070260/html/R7.html. copyright, 2000 The National Academy of Sciences, all rights reserved
INDEPENDENT REPORT REVIEWERS
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for
their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with pro-
cedures approved by the National Research Council's Report Review
Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid
and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its pub-
lished report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets
institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to
the study charge. The content of the review comments and draft manu-
script remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative pro-
cess. We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in
the review of this report:
JOHN M. DEMENT, Associate Professor, Division of Occupational and
Environmental Medicine, Department of Community and Family
Medicine, Duke University Medical School
BERNARD D. GOLDSTEIN, Director, Environmental and
Occupational Health Sciences Institute, University of Medicine and
Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
JOSEPH LADOU, Professor of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology,
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University
of California at San Francisco
JANE A. LIPSCOMB, Associate Professor, School of Nursing,
University of Maryland, Baltimore
EDWARD B. PERRIN, Professor Emeritus, Department of Health
Services, Center for Cost and Outcomes Research, University of
Washington
GORDON REEVE, Corporate Epidemiologist, Health Care
Management, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan
JONATHAN D. ROSEN, Director, Health and Safety Department, New
York Public Employees Federation, Albany
DAVID ROSNER, Professor of History and Public Health, and
Codirector, Program in History of Public Health and Medicine,
Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University
GAVRIEL SALVENDY, Professor of Industrial Engineering, Purdue
University
DAVID TOLLERUD, Director, Center for Environmental and
Occupational Health, CP. Hahnemann University School of Public
Health, Philadelphia
While the individuals listed above provided many constructive com-
ments and suggestions, responsibility for the final content of the report
rests solely with the authoring committee and the Institute of Medicine.
VII
http://www.nap.edu/openbookJ0309070260/html/R8.html. copyright, 2000 The National Academy of Sciences, all rights reserved
http://www.nap.edu/openbookJ0309070260/html/R9.html. copyright, 2000 The National Academy of Sciences, all rights reserved
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AAIHN American Association of Industrial Nurses
AAOHN American Association of Occupational Health Nurses
AAOM American Academy of Occupational Medicine
ABET Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology
ABOHN Accreditation Board for Occupational Health Nurses
ABIH American Board of Industrial Hygiene
ABPM American Board of Preventive Medicine
ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists
ACGME Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
ACOEM American College of Occupational and Environmental
Medicine
ADA Americans with Disabilities Act
AEP Associate Ergonomics Professional
AHC academic health center
AIHA American Industrial Hygiene Association
AMT advanced manufacturing techniques
AOMA American Occupational Medicine Association
ASP Associate Safety Professional
ASSE American Society of Safety Engineers
BCPE Board of Certification in Professional Ergonomics
BCSP Board of Certified Safety Professionals
IX