Rural Development and Microfinance Projects in Sudan: With Special Attention to Community Participation

489 Pages·2012·19.816 MB·English

by  Nawal El-gack, John Overton, Regina Scheyvens

RU L DEVELOPMEi
AND MICROFINANCE PROJECTS
IN SUDAN
With Special Attention
to Community Participation
Nawal El-Gack
With a Foreword by
John Overton
and
Regina Scheyvens
The Edwin Mellen Press
Lewiston. Queenston•Lampeter
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
El Gack, Nawal.
Rural development and microfinance projects in Sudan : with special
attention to community participation / Nawal El-Gack ; with a foreword
by John Overton and Regina Scheyvens.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-7734-3075-4 (hardcover)
ISBN-10: 0-7734-3075-X (hardcover)
1. Rural development--Sudan. 2. Rural development projects--Sudan-
Citizen participation. 3. Sudan--Rural condition. 4. Microfinance--
Sudan. I. Overton, John, 1951- II. Title.
HN787.Z9E4 2012
338.9624--dc23
. 2012034599
hors serie.
A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library.
Copyright © 2013 Nawal El-Gack
All rights reserved. For information contact
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The Edwin Mellen Press The Edwin Mellen Press
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Box 450 Box 67
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Lewiston, New York Queenston, Ontario
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USA 14092-0450 CANADA LOS 1L0
The Edwin Mellen Press, Ltd.
Lampeter, Ceredigion, Wales
UNITED KINGDOM SA48 8LT
Printed in the United States of America
This book is dedicated to all development planners and
practitioners who are concerned about development in practice
and care about genuine community participation.

Table of Cc(cid:9) s
Foreword by John Overton and Regina Scheyvens
Preface(cid:9) iii
Acknowledgements(cid:9) vii
1. INTRODUCTION(cid:9) 1
Background
The Significance of the Study(cid:9) 5
Research Question and Objective(cid:9) 8
Organization of the Book(cid:9) 13
2. RESEARCH METHODS AND FIELDWORK
EXPERIENCE(cid:9) 19
Introduction(cid:9) 19
General Framework(cid:9) 33
Primary Data(cid:9) 39
Data Reduction(cid:9) 52
Limitations(cid:9) 55
Summary(cid:9) 56
3. PARTICIPATORY DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE59
Introduction(cid:9) 59
Participation: Concepts and Definitions(cid:9) 65
Adoption of Participatory Development Approaches(cid:9) 77
Indigenous Values and Knowledge(cid:9) 93
Summary(cid:9) 96
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4. PARTICIPATION IN PRACTICE 99
(cid:9)
Introduction 99
(cid:9)
Role and Impact of Development Providers 100
(cid:9)
The Role of Development Professionals 109
(cid:9)
Formation of Community Organizations 112
(cid:9)
Factors that Influenced People's Participation 119
(cid:9)
Spramary 124
5. SUDAN CONTEXT: BACKGROUND AND
DEVELC?M-Z,NT EFFORTS(cid:9) 127
Introduction(cid:9) 127
Political System: An Overview(cid:9) 129
Modern*zation and Neoliberal Policies(cid:9) 139
Civil Society Organizations(cid:9) 153
Factors that Influenced Development Processes(cid:9) 160
Summary(cid:9) 167
6. THE EXPERIENCE OF THE vriliiITEISILE
AGRICULTURAL SERVICES PIL:.1ECT(cid:9) 169
Introduction(cid:9) 169
The White Nile Setting(cid:9) 175
The Project Mechanisms(cid:9) 182
Interventions and Outcomes(cid:9) 191
New Government Policy(cid:9) 213
Influencing Factors for the WNASP's Outcomes(cid:9) 216
Summary(cid:9) 225
7. NORTH KORDOFAN RURAL DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT: INDIGENOUS ORGANIZATIONS AND
PRACTICES(cid:9) 229
troduction(cid:9) 229
The Project Context (cid:9) 230
forth Kordofan Setting(cid:9) 238
Incigenous Participatory Concepts(cid:9) 260
Representation(cid:9) 266
Summary(cid:9) 278
8. NORTH KORDOFAN PROJECT: APPROACHES,
MECHANISMS AND OUTCOMES(cid:9) 281
Introduction(cid:9) 281
The Project's Approaches(cid:9) 282
Formation of New Organizations(cid:9) 302
Interventions and Outcomes(cid:9) 314
General Concerns(cid:9) 326
Factors Influencing Participation(cid:9) 333
9. REFLECTIONS ON PARTICIPATORY
DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES(cid:9) 337
Introduction(cid:9) 337
Policies and Credibility of Development Providers(cid:9) 338
Development Professionals' Attitudes and Behavior (cid:9) 355
Addressing Power Relationships(cid:9) 358
Formation of Community Organizations(cid:9) 362
Gender Issues(cid:9) 365
Indigenous Values, Structures and Practices(cid:9) 370
Adopting a Moral Commitment Approach(cid:9) 375
Conclusion(cid:9) 378
10. CONCLUSION(cid:9) 381
Specific Research Findings(cid:9) 382
Recommendations for Future Research(cid:9) 398
APPENDICES(cid:9) 401
BIBLIOGRAPHY(cid:9) 413
INDEX(cid:9) 459