Ruppel’s Manual of Pulmonary Function Testing

1237 Pages·2017·44.19 MB·English

by  Carl Mottram

Ruppel's Manual
of Pulmonary
Function Testing
ELEVENTH EDITION
Carl D. Mottram, RRT, RPFT,
FAARC
Associate Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine,
Rochester, Minnesota
2
Table of Contents
Cover image
Inside Front Cover
Symbols and Abbreviations Used in Pulmonary Function Testing
Title page
Copyright
Contributors/Reviewers
Foreword
Preface
Distinctive features
Changes to this edition
Using this book
Evolve ancillaries
Acknowledgments
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Chapter 1: Indications for Pulmonary Function Testing
Pulmonary function tests
Indications for pulmonary function testing
Patterns of impaired pulmonary function
Preliminaries to patient testing
Test performance and sequence
Summary
Case study
Self-assessment questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Chapter 2: Spirometry
Vital capacity
Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, and forced expiratory
flow
Flow-volume curve
Peak expiratory flow
Maximum voluntary ventilation
Before- and after-bronchodilator studies
Summary
Case studies
Self-Assessment Questions
Entry-level
Advanced
4
Chapter 3: Diffusing Capacity Tests
Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity
Summary
Case studies
Self-Assessment Questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Chapter 4: Lung Volumes, Airway Resistance, and Gas Distribution
Tests
Lung volumes: functional residual capacity, residual volume, total lung
capacity, and residual volume/total lung capacity ratio
Airway resistance and conductance
Gas distribution tests: single-breath nitrogen washout, closing volume,
and closing capacity
Multiple breath nitrogen washout, lung clearance index, and phase III
slope analysis
Summary
Case studies
Self-Assessment Questions
Entry-level
Chapter 5: Ventilation and Ventilatory Control Tests
Tidal volume, rate, and minute ventilation
Respiratory dead space and alveolar ventilation
Ventilatory response tests for carbon dioxide and oxygen
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High-altitude simulation test
Summary
Case studies
Self-Assessment Questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Chapter 6: Blood Gases and Related Tests
pH
Carbon dioxide tension
Oxygen tension
Hemoximetry
Pulse oximetry
Capnography
Shunt calculation
Summary
Case studies
Self-assessment questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Chapter 7: Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing and Field Tests
Field tests
Six-minute walk test (6MWT) reference set
Exercise protocols
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Exercise workload
Cardiovascular monitors during exercise
Ventilation during exercise
Oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and respiratory
exchange ratio during exercise
Exercise blood gases
Cardiac output during exercise
Summary
Case studies
Self-assessment questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Chapter 8: Pediatric Pulmonary Function Testing
Infant, toddler, and preschool pulmonary function testing
Spirometry
Diffusion capacity
Lung volumes
Bronchoprovocation challenges
Exhaled nitric oxide standards for testing
What the future holds for pediatric pulmonary function laboratories
Summary
Case studies
Self-assessment questions
Entry-level
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Advanced
Chapter 9: Bronchoprovocation Challenge Testing
Bronchoprovocation challenge testing
Summary
Case studies
Self-assessment questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Chapter 10: Specialized Test Regimens
Respiratory muscle strength testing
Exhaled nitric oxide
Forced oscillation technique
Preoperative pulmonary function testing
Pulmonary function testing for social security disability
Metabolic measurements: indirect calorimetry
Summary
Case studies
Self-assessment questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Chapter 11: Pulmonary Function Testing Equipment
Volume-displacement spirometers
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Flow-sensing spirometers
Peak flowmeters
Body plethysmographs
Breathing valves
Pulmonary gas analyzers
Blood gas analyzers, oximeters, and related devices
Computers for pulmonary function testing
Summary
Self-assessment questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Chapter 12: Quality Systems in the Pulmonary Function Laboratory
Quality manual
Quality system essentials
Path of workflow
Summary
Case studies
Self-assessment questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Chapter 13: Reference Values and Interpretation Strategies
Selecting and using reference values
Establishing what is abnormal
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Pulmonary function testing interpretation, “bringing it all together”
Interpretation algorithm
Summary
Case studies
Self-assessment questions
Entry-level
Advanced
Appendix A: Answers to Self-Assessment Questions
Chapter 1, Indications for pulmonary function testing
Chapter 2, Spirometry
Chapter 3, Diffusing capacity tests
Chapter 4, Lung volumes, airway resistance, and gas distribution tests
Chapter 5, Ventilation and ventilatory control tests
Chapter 6, Blood gases and related tests
Chapter 7, Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and field tests
Chapter 8, Pediatric pulmonary function testing
Chapter 9, Bronchoprovocation challenge testing
Chapter 10, Specialized test regimens
Chapter 11, Pulmonary function testing equipment
Chapter 12, Quality systems in the pulmonary function laboratory
Chapter 13, Reference values and interpretation strategies
Glossary
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