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THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED.
Sponsoring Committee: Professor Brian E. Tomlinson
Professor William P. Seers end Associate
Professor Philip J. Lletchin
RORSCHACH ISI;1CAT10*;S FOR i'H'•.T.ICTIHO PROFICILhCY
Ilf THE SKLIvCTiOM HP PIfYSlCIAMS FOR TRAINI’fO
in PSYCHIATRY IN A RESIDENCY PKOOUAM
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Vi ALTER KASS
Submitted in partial fulfillm ent of the
retirem ents for the degree of Doctor of
Philosophy in the School of Education of
'few York University
1952
AlhvNOV; LEDOiEKT 3
Tills study wrs undertaken at the suggestion of Dr. iiobert
U. Holt find Dr. Lester n, Luborsky ns part of their extensive
research on "The ''election of Fodiofil Men for Psychiatric
Training". The general conception nncl design followed in this
Horachach study wop aevoloped by thorn in their investigations
with the Thematic /■ppercoption Test r.nri other- selection tech
niques.
hrsfceful appreciation is expressed to Dr. Kobert K. Holt
for statistical consultation end generous help in analysis of
the detn.
Miss Lolfifcye Coyne assisted with the statistical compu
tations.
Thanks are duo Dr. Sibylle K. F.scalons, General Director,
Department of rie search, The hennlngor Foundation, for the
opportunity provided to carry out the investigation, and for
allocating deportment funds for ita support. For about three
and b half months in 1949, the study »ps financed entirely by
funds from s VetorsnB /dminlatr^tlo.n grant to the "Selection
P roject". F acilities end time-off from clin ical duties for
the remainder of this research were generously provided by the
Menninger Foundation.
TABLE OF C0tfTE"T3
CHAPTER PACE
I The Problem 1
Statement of the Problem 1
Specific Problems 1
Definition of Terns 2
Delimitations 3
Basic Hypothesis 5
Significance of the Problem 5
II Related Literature 9
The Rorschach Test 9
The Projective Baais 9
Variety of Applications 11
The Problem of Validation 12
Appropriate Statistical Treatment 13
Rorsoheoh Research Methodology 15
Present Status of Rorschach Research 91
Korsohsch Studies 23
C linical Applications 23
Industrial end Vocational Studies 28
Armed Forces studies 45
Educational Adjustment Studies 57
Studies of Professions 68
III Procedure 79
Plan of Investigation 79
The Population 80
The Criterion 82
The PredictiveI nstrument 84
The Small Sample Study 85
First Cross-Validation 88
Retrospective Analysis and
Revision of the Manual 90
Further Validity Studies of the
Devised Rorsoheoh Hating Method 92
Inter-Rater R eliability 92
IV Presentetion and Analysis of Results 93
The Small Sample Study 93
rThe Cues 95
First Cross-Validation 147
Retrospective Analysis and Revision
of the Manual 148
Final Cross-Validation 154
CRAPTRft PAGE
IV Further Validity studios 164
R eliability of the Devised
Rorschach Rating Method 167
Comparison of the Revised Rorschach Hating
Method with Other Selection Techniques 167
V Summery and Conclusions 16©
ourannry 169
Conclusions 173
VI Discussion 176
The Problem cjf Ocreoning end ''■election 176
Implications 161
Bibliography 182
Appendix I
Appendix II
iv
r v c- •» m o r»r c*
i.v.
plhk
Distribution of in Ten Crass of Highly
Proficient (Higha) r.nd Ten Cusoa of Non-
Proficient (bows) Psychiatric -oeldsnts 96
IX Distribution of Pf^ in Ton Cmes of Highly
proficient (Highs) me Ten ‘Joses of Non-
frofioisnt (Lows) Psychintric Residents 97
III Distribution of Prfl in Ton Cases of Highly
Proficient (Highs) and Ten Case a of Non-
Proficient (LoiVs) Psychiatric Residents 99
IV Distribution of Space lie3*10:1303 in Ton Cases
of Highly Proficient (Highs) and Ten Cases
of Non-Proficient (Lowa) Psychiatric Rosi-
denta 10G
V Distribution of ft In Ten Gases of highly Pro
ficien t (Highs) and Ton Ccr.os of Non-
Proficient (Lows) Psychiatric Residents1 01
VI Inoidence of Less then Throe Response® Per
Card in Ton Cr.sea of Highly Proficient
(Highs) end Tori Cases of ’Ion-Proficient
(Lavra) Psychiatric Residents 102
VII Distribution of for Cent Popular Responses
(p£) in Ten Gesos of Highly Proficient
(High3 ) End Ten. Cases of Non-Proficient
(Lows) Psychiatric Kesidonts 103
VIII Distribution of Failure to Give Popular Re
sponses In Ton Ceses of Highly Proficient
(Higha) end Ten Gases of Non-Proficiont
(Lows) Psychiatric Residents 104
IX Number of Popular Responses In Ten Cases of
Highly Proficiont (Highs) end Ton Cases
of Non-Proficiont (Lows) Psychiatric Resi
dents 10S
NUKBER PAQF.
X D istribution of Purs Form Per Cent (P*£) in
Ten Cases of Highly P roficient (Highs)
and Ten Case a of N on-Proficient (Lows)
Psychiatric Residents 106
XI D istribution of Dominant Form Per Cent
in Ten Ceaes of Highly P roficient (Highs)
end Ten Cesea of N on-Proflciont (Lows)
Psychiatric Residents 107
XII D istribution of D ifferences Between Dominant
Form Per Cent end Pure Form Per Cent (P®#-
FljS) in Ten Ceaes of Highly P roficient
(Highs) Br»d Ten Cases of N on-Proficient
(Lows) Psychiatric Residents 108
XIII D istribution of Pur© Form-Plus Per Cent
(PjA^) in Ten Cases of Highly P roficient
(Highs) and Ten Cases of N on-Proficient
(Lows) Psychiatric Residents 108
XIV D istribution of Dominant Fom -Plus Per Cent
(F/% ) in Ten Cases of Highly P roficient
(Highs) end Ten Cases of Non-Profiolent
(Lows) Psyohlatrlo Residents 110
XV D istribution of D ifferences Between Dominant
Form-Plus Per Cent and Pure Forw-Plus Per
Cent (F/2$-F/*$) in Ten Cases of Highly
P roficient (Highs) and Ten Cases of Non-
P roficient (Lows) Psychiatric Residents 111
XVI D istribution of Aohrometie Color Scores in
Ten Cases of Highly P roficient (Highs) and
Ten Cases of N on-Proficient (Lows) Psychi
a tric Residents 112
XVII D istribution of Sum U in Ten Cases of Highly
P roficient (Hlgha) end Ten Cases of Non-
Prof io ien t (Lows) Psychiatric Residents 114
XVIII D istribution of Movement Responses in Ten
Cases of Highly P roficient (Highs) and Ten
Cases of N on-Proficient (Lows) Psychiatric
Residents 115
XIX D istribution of Bum C in Ten Cases of Highly
P roficient (Highs) and Ten Cases of Non-
P roficient (Lows) Psychiatric Residents 120
vi
huh us® PAOK
xx D istribution of Color Scorea Ooourrlng With
end W ithout ether Determinants In Ten. Cases
of Highly P roficient (Hlgha) end Ten Cases
of N on-Proficient (Loss) Psychiatric Resi
dents 121
XXI D istribution of the Three Beale Color doores
la Ton Cases of Highly P roficient (Highs)
end Ten Gases of M on-Proficient (Lows)
Psychiatric Residents 1FS
XXII Total Humber of Color Scorea in Ten Cases of
Highly Frofioient (Highs) end Ten Cases of
Hon-I*rof icio n t (Lows) Psychiatric Residents 123
XXXII Card by Card D istribution of Color Responses
In Ten Case;? of Highly P roficient (Highs)
end Ten Cases of Noiv-Proflclent (Lows)
P sychiatric Residents 124
XXIII A Card by Card D istribution of Color Responses
in Ten Cases of Highly P roficient (Highs)
and Ten Cases of H on-Proficient (Lows)
P sychiatric Residents 125
XXIII D Card by Csrd D istribution of Color Responses
in Ten Cases of Highly P roficient (Highs)
and Ten Cases of Hon-Profici»nt (Lows)
Psychiatric Residents 126
XXIV D istribution of Bum (CF/C) In Ten Cases of
Highly F rofioient (Highs) and Ten Cases of
H on-Froficiont (Lows) P sychiatric Resi
dents 129
XXV D istribution of Sun PC in Ten Cases of Highly
P roficient (Highs) and Ten Cases of Non-
P roficient (Lows) Psychiatric Residents 130
XXVI R elationship of Sum PC to Sum (CF/C) in Ten
Cases of Highly F rofioient (Highs) and Ten
Cases of N on-Proficient (Lows) Psyohiatrlo
Residents 131
XXVII R elationship of Sum U to Sins C in Ten Cases
of Highly F rofioient (Highs) snd Ten Cases
of N on-Proflolent (Lows) Psychiatric Resi
dents: Sum M G reater than Bum C 132
XXVIII R elationship of Bum 2 to Bum C in Ten Cases
of Highly F rofioient (Highs) and Ten Cases
of H on-Proficient (Lows) Psychictrie Resi
dents: Bum C G reater then Rum M 133
v il
NUMB'K PAOa
XXIX D istribution of Per Cent Anafcoiuy Responses
(At£?) in fen Cgicb of Highly P roficient
(Highs) etui fen Cases of N on-Proficient
(Lowe) Psychiatric Residents 139
XXX D istribution of Per Cent Hex Responses
(Sex£) in fen O ses of Highly P roficient
(Highs) rind fen Case a of N on-Proficient
(Lous) Psychiatric residents 140
XXXI D istribution of Per Cent Huaen Responses
{It;') In Ten Cases of HI$aly P roficient
(Highs) and Ten Ceaes of H on-Proficlent
(Lows) Psychiatric Residents 143
XXXII D istribution of Per Cent Animal Responses
(AJ$) In Ten Cases of Highly P roficient
(Hlgha) and Ten Cases of H on-Proflcient
(Lous) Psychic; trie Residents 144
XXXIII Hcsttergram of L. orach ©oh Eatings of Psychi
atric Proficiency Versus C riterion Ratings
of Psychiatric Proficiency In F ifty Cases
of Psychiatric Residents of All Degrees of
Profiolenoy: Threefold C riterion end
Threefold Rorschach C lassificatio n 157
XXXIV Scettorgram of Rorschach Eatings of Psyohi-
etric ProfIclency Versus C riterion Ratings
of Psychiatric Profiolenoy In F ifty Cases
of Psychiatric Residents of All Degrees of
Proficiency: Sevenfold Rorsoheoh and Four
fold C riterion classific atio n 167
XXXV Comparison of the C oefficients of C orrelation
Obtained Between Two C riterion Measures of
Psychiatric Profiolenoy and the Combined
Ratings of Two Psychologists A fter Review
of the Rorsoheoh, C redentials, and a Pic
ture Reaction Toots Aooepted Residents
Only Versus Accepted Plus "Drop-Outs" 164
XXXVI C oefficients of C orrelation Between the Cri
terio n and .Rorsoheoh Ratings Independently
Made by Three Psychologist* Using the De
vised Rorschach Rating Method in Combina
tion with Other Predictive Instrum ents 166
XXXVII C oefficients of C orrelation Between the C ri
terion and Various Predictive Techniques
for Rating Psychictrio Profiolenoy 166
v lli
