Root Development (Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 37)

397 Pages·2009·4.37 MB·English

by  Tom Beeckman

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ANNUAL PLANT REVIEWS
VOLUME 37
i
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ANNUAL PLANT REVIEWS
VOLUME 37
Root Development
Edited by
Tom Beeckman
VIBDepartmentofPlantSystemsBiology
GhentUniversity,Ghent,Belgium
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
iii
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Thiseditionfirstpublished2010
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Rootdevelopment/editedbyTomBeeckman.–1sted.
p.cm.–(Annualplantreviews;v.37)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-1-4051-6150-3(hardback:alk.paper)
1. Roots(Botany)–Development. I.Beeckman,Tom. II.Series:Annualplantreviews;
v.37.
QK644.R642009
575.5(cid:2)438–dc22 2009020434
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
Annualplantreviews(Print) ISSN1460-1494
Annualplantreviews(Online) ISSN1756-9710
(cid:1)
Setin10/12ptPalatinobyAptaraR Inc.,NewDelhi,India
PrintedinSingapore
1 2010
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AnnualPlantReviews
Aseriesforresearchersandpostgraduatesintheplantsciences.Eachvolumein
thisseriesfocusesonathemeoftopicalimportanceandemphasisisplacedon
rapidpublication.
EditorialBoard:
Prof.JeremyA.Roberts(Editor-in-Chief),PlantScienceDivision,Schoolof
Biosciences,UniversityofNottingham,SuttonBoningtonCampus,
Loughborough,Leicestershire,LE125RD,UK;
DrDavidEvans,SchoolofBiologicalandMolecularSciences,OxfordBrookes
University,Headington,Oxford,OX30BP;
Prof.HidemasaImaseki,Obata-Minami2419,Moriyama-ku,Nagoya463,
Japan;
DrMichaelT.McManus,InstituteofMolecularBioSciences,MasseyUniversity,
PalmerstonNorth,NewZealand;
DrJocelynK.C.Rose,DepartmentofPlantBiology,CornellUniversity,Ithaca,
NY14853,USA.
Titlesintheseries:
1. Arabidopsis
EditedbyM.AndersonandJ.A.Roberts
2. BiochemistryofPlantSecondaryMetabolism
EditedbyM.Wink
3. FunctionsofPlantSecondaryMetabolitesandtheirExploitationin
Biotechnology
EditedbyM.Wink
4. MolecularPlantPathology
EditedbyM.DickinsonandJ.Beynon
5. VacuolarCompartments
EditedbyD.G.RobinsonandJ.C.Rogers
6. PlantReproduction
EditedbyS.D.O’NeillandJ.A.Roberts
7. Protein–ProteinInteractionsinPlantBiology
EditedbyM.T.McManus,W.A.Laing,andA.C.Allan
8. ThePlantCellWall
EditedbyJ.K.C.Rose
9. TheGolgiApparatusandthePlantSecretoryPathway
EditedbyD.G.Robinson
10. ThePlantCytoskeletoninCellDifferentiationandDevelopment
EditedbyP.J.Hussey
11. Plant–PathogenInteractions
EditedbyN.J.Talbot
12. PolarityinPlants
EditedbyK.Lindsey
13. Plastids
EditedbyS.G.Moller
14. PlantPigmentsandTheirManipulation
EditedbyK.M.Davies
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15. MembraneTransportinPlants
EditedbyM.R.Blatt
16. IntercellularCommunicationinPlants
EditedbyA.J.Fleming
17. PlantArchitectureandItsManipulation
EditedbyCGNTurnbull
18. Plasmodesmata
EditedbyK.J.Oparka
19. PlantEpigenetics
EditedbyP.Meyer
20. FloweringandItsManipulation
EditedbyC.Ainsworth
21. EndogenousPlantRhythms
EditedbyA.HallandH.McWatters
22. ControlofPrimaryMetabolisminPlants
EditedbyW.C.PlaxtonandM.T.McManus
23. BiologyofthePlantCuticle
EditedbyM.Riederer
24. PlantHormoneSignaling
EditedbyP.HaddenandS.G.Thomas
25. PlantCellSeparationandAdhesion
EditedbyJ.R.RobertsandZ.Gonzalez-Carranza
26. SenescenceProcessesinPlants
EditedbyS.Gan
27. SeedDevelopment,DormancyandGermination
EditedbyK.J.BradfordandH.Nonogaki
28. PlantProteomics
EditedbyC.Finnie
29. RegulationofTranscriptioninPlants
EditedbyK.Grasser
30. LightandPlantDevelopment
EditedbyG.Whitelam
31. PlantMitochondria
EditedbyDavidC.Logan
32. CellCycleControlandPlantDevelopment
EditedbyD.Inze´
33. IntracellularSignalinginPlants
EditedbyZ.Yang
34. MolecularAspectsofPlantDiseaseResistance
EditedbyJaneParker
35. PlantSystemsBiology
EditedbyGloriaM.CoruzziandRodrigoA.Gutie´rrez
36. TheMossPhyscomitrellaPatens
EditedbyCeliaKnight
37. RootDevelopment
EditedbyTomBeeckman
38. FruitDevelopmentandSeedDispersal
EditedbyLarsØstergaard
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CONTENTS
Contributors xi
Preface xv
1 ArabidopsisRootDevelopment 1
MarijnLuijtenandRenzeHeidstra
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Specificationoftheapicalandbasalcelllineage 3
1.3 Rootstemcellnichespecification 10
1.4 Radialpatterning 14
1.5 Stemcellmaintenance 18
1.6 Meristemmaintenanceandrootzonation 22
1.7 Meristemactivation,rootgrowthandcelldivision 25
1.8 Concludingremarks 28
2 VascularMorphogenesisDuringRootDevelopment 39
AnaCampilho,OveLindgrenandYka¨ Helariutta
2.1 Introduction 39
2.2 TheArabidopsisrootvascularsystem 40
2.3 Moleculargeneticsofthestele:arapidly
developingfield 44
2.4 Vasculargenomics–gettingthebigpicture 57
3 RootEpidermalDevelopmentinArabidopsis 64
RebeccaHorn,KekeYi,BenoˆıtMenand,MonicaPernas-Ochoa,
SeijiTakeda,TomWalkerandLiamDolan
3.1 Introduction 65
3.2 EstablishmentoftheepidermisinArabidopsis 65
3.3 Establishmentofdistinctcellfatesinthe
rootepidermis 68
3.4 Roothairinitiationandtipgrowth 70
3.5 Effectsofnutrientsonroothaircelldifferentiation
andmorphogenesis 75
3.6 Roothairsandnutrientuptake 76
3.7 Perspectives 77
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viii (cid:1) Contents
4 LateralRootFormation 83
JocelynE.Malamy
4.1 Introduction 83
4.2 Howdoesasinglelateralrootform? 85
4.3 Howarethenumberandplacementoflateral
rootsdetermined? 107
4.4 Agriculturalimportanceoflateralrootformation 112
5 AdventitiousRootFormation:NewInsightsandPerspectives 127
GaiaGeiss,LaurentGutierrezandCatherineBellini
5.1 Introduction 128
5.2 RoleandoriginofARs 128
5.3 Factorsinfluencingadventitiousrooting 131
5.4 Newinsightsintogeneticsandmolecular
mechanismsinvolvedinadventitiousrooting 142
5.5 Conclusionandperspectives 147
6 RootGravitropism 157
RanjanSwarupandMalcolmJ.Bennett
6.1 Introduction 157
6.2 Gravityperception 158
6.3 Rootgravitropicsignaltransmission 160
6.4 Therootgravitropicresponse 164
6.5 Attenuatingtherootgravitropicresponse 166
6.6 Futuredirections 167
7 MolecularandGeneticDissectionofCerealRootSystem
Development 175
FrankHochholdingerandRomanZimmermann
7.1 Introduction 175
7.2 Morphologyofcerealrootsystems 176
7.3 Morphologicalandanatomicalcomparison
ofArabidopsisandcerealrootsystems 177
7.4 Molecularandgeneticanalysisofcereal
rootformation 178
7.5 Prospects 187
8 FernRootDevelopment 192
GuichuanHouandElisonB.Blancaflor
8.1 Introduction 192
8.2 Overviewofthefernrootsystem–shoot-borneroots 195
8.3 Anatomicalandstructuralaspectsoffern
rootdevelopment 197