Roman Rhetoric: Revolution and the Greek Influence

239 Pages·2008·4.421 MB·English

by  Richard Leo Enos

LAUER SERIES IN RHETORIC AND COMPOSITION
Series Editors: Catherine Hobbs, Patricia Sullivan, Thomas Rickert,
and Jennifer Bay
LAUER SERIES IN RHETORIC AND COMPOSITION
Series Editors: Catherine Hobbs, Patricia Sullivan, Thomas Rickert,
and Jennifer Bay
The Lauer Series in Rhetoric and Composition honors the contri
butions Janice Lauer Hutton has made to the emergence of Rhetoric
and Composition as a disciplinary study. It publishes scholarship that
carries on Professor Lauer's varied work in the history of written rheto
ric, disciplinarity in composition studies, contemporary pedagogical
theory, and written literacy theory and research.
Other Books in the Series
Storieso f Mentoring: Theorya nd Praxis,e dited by Michelle F. Eble
and Lynee Lewis Gaillet (2008)
Writm Without Borders:W ritinga nd Teachingi n TroubledT imesb y
Lynn Z. Bloom (2008)
1977:A CulturalM oment in Compositionb, y Brent Henze, Jack
Selzer, and Wendy Sharer (2008)
The Promisea nd Perilso f WritingP rogramA dministration, edited by
Theresa Enos and Shane Borrowman (2008)
UntenuredF acultya s WritingP rogramA dministrators:I nstitutional
Practicesa nd Politics,e dited by Debra Frank Dew and Alice
Horning (2007)
NetworkedP rocessD: issolvingB oundarieso f Procesas nd Post-Procesbs,y
Helen Foster (2007)
Composinga Community:A Historyo f WritingA crosst he Cu"iculum,
edited by Susan H. McLeod and Margot Iris Soven (2006)
HistoricalS tudies of WritingP rogramA dministration:I ndividuals,
Communities,a nd the Formationo f a Disdpline, edited by Barbara
L'Eplattenier and Lisa Mastrangelo (2004). Winner of the WPA
Best Book Award for 2004-2005.
Rhetorics,P oetics,a nd Cultures:R e.figuringC ollegeE nglishS tudies
(Expanded Edition) by James A. Berlin (2003)
Roman Rhetoric
Revolution and the Greek Influence
Revised and Expanded Edition
Richard Leo Enos
Parlor Press
WestL afayette,I ndiana
www.parlorpress.com
Parlor Press LLC, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906
© 2008 by Parlor Press
All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
SA N: 2 5 4 - 8 8 7 9
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Enos, Richard Leo. .
Roman rhetoric : revolution and the Greek influence / Richard Leo Enos.
-- Rev. and expanded ed.
p. cm. -- (Lauer series in rhetoric and composition}
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-60235-079-3 (pbk.: alk. paper} -- ISBN 978-1-60235-080-9
(hardcover: alk. paper} -- ISBN 978-1-60235-081-6 (adobe ebook}
1. Rhetoric, Ancient. 2. Latin language--Foreign elements--Greek. 3.
Rome--Civilization--Greek influences. 4. Greek language--Influence on
Latin. 5. Rome--lntellcctual life. I. Title.
PA3265.E56 2008
808'.0471--dc22
2008041909
Cover image: "Cicero Denouncing Catalina Before the Senate" by Cesare
Maccari (1840-1819). Wallpainting. Palazzo Madama, Rome, Italy. Scala/
Art Resource. Used by Permission.
Title page image: marble bust of a young man of the Julio-Claudian Family.
By permission of The Amecrican School of Classical Studies at Athens:
Agora Excavations
Cover design by David Blakesley.
Printed on acid-free paper.
Parlor Press, LLC is an independent publisher of scholarly and trade titles
in print and multimedia formats. This book is available in paper, hardcover,
and Adobe eBook formats from Parlor Press on the World Wide Web
at http://www.parlorpress.com or through online and brick-and-mortar
bookstores. For submission information or to flnd out about Parlor Press
publications, write to Parlor Press, 816 Robinson St., West Lafayette,
Indiana, 47906, or e-mail [email protected].
In memory of my Great Aunt Giovanna
and my Grandmother Caterina
In spiritu humilitatis, et in animo contritos uscipiamur
a te, Domine: et sicf iat sacrificiumn ostrum in
conspectut uo hodie, ut p/a,ceatt ibi, Domine Deus.

Contents
Acknowledgments xi
Preface xv
1 Etruscan Influences on the Development of
Roman Rhetoric and Literature 3
2 Forces Shaping the Transition from Greek
to Roman Rhetoric 23
3 Kairosi n the Roman Reception of Greek Rhetoric 38
4 When Rhetoric Was Outlawed in Rome: The
Censure of Greek Rhetoric and the Emergence
of Roman Declamation 63
5 The "Latinization" of Greek Rhetoric: A
Revolution of Attitude 79
6 The "Hellenization" of Marcus Tullius Cicero 106
7 Cicero "Latinizes" Hellenic Ethos 123
8 The Effects of the Roman Revolution on the Rhetorical
Tradition of Athens and the Second Sophistic 138
9 A Study of the Roman Patronage of Greek Oratorical and
Literary Contests: The Amphiareion of Oropos 152
10 Rhetoric at Rhodes: Greek Rhetoric
in a Roman World 164
vii
viii Contents
11 Severance and Restraint: Rhetoric in the Greek-
Speaking East and the Latin-Speaking West 180
12 Conclusion: The Symbiotic Relationship of
Greek Rhetoric and Roman Culture 197
Works Consulted 201
Works Cited 205
Index 213
About the Author 221
Illustrations
Figure 1. Ancient Italy. 5
Figure 2. Ancient Etruscan Settlements in Northern Italy. 8
Figure 3. Romanticized Victorian Rendering of Etruscan Warriors. 14
Figure 4. Reproduction of Early Retrograde Etruscan Alphabet. 16
Figure 5. Latin Cursive Alphabet. 17
Figure 6. Comparative Chirographic Alphabets. 18
Figure 7. Southern Italy and Sicily. 27
Figure 8. Southern Italy. 34
Figure 9. The Forum During the Time of the Roman Republic. 40
Figure 10. The Roman Forum in the late Twentieth Century. 41
Figure 11. Rome and Environs. 67
Figure 12. Latinum and Campania. 76
Figure 13. Ancient Sicily. 118
Figure 14. The Dynamics of Ciceronian Ethos. 135
Figure 15. Evidence of Roman Patronage in the Athenian Agora. 143
Figure 16. Model of the Odeion, Phase I, seen from the NW, late 111 Century
BCE. 145
Figure 17.N orth Fa~adeo f the Odeion, mid-2nd Century CE, with addition of
Giants and Titans. 146
Figure 18. Regulationso f the Libraryo f Pantainos in the Athenian Agora. 147
Figure 19. Greece, the Aegean, and Western Asia Minor. 167
ix