Role of RNA and DNA in Brain Function: A Molecular Biological Approach

332 Pages·1986·10.12 MB·English

by  B. B. Kaplan

ROLE OF RNA AND DNA IN BRAIN FUNCTION
TOPICS IN THE NEUROSCIENCES
Other books in the series:
Rami Rahamimoff and Sir Bernard Katz, eds.: Calcium, Neuronal
Function and Transmitter Release. ISBN 0-89838-791-4.
Robert C.A. Frederickson, ed.: Neuroregulation of Autonomic,
Endocrine and Immune Systems. ISBN 0-89838-800-7.
ROLE OF RNA AND DNA
IN BRAIN FUNCTION
A Molecular Biological Approach
edited by
Antonio Giuditta
Department of General and Environmental Physiology
University of Naples, ITA L Y
Barry B. Kaplan
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA
Claire Zomzely-Neurath
Office of Naval Research
London Branch, UNITED KINGDOM
Martinus Nijhoff Publishing
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The picture on the cover originally appeared in KOS magazine, edited by Franco Maria Ricci
(via Durini 19, 20122 Milano, Italy) in the issue of January I, 1986, and is reprinted with
permission.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Role of RNA and DNA in brain function.
(Topics in the neurosciences)
Based on the Symposium "Role of DNA in Brain Activity"
held in Ravello, Italy on May 27-29, 1985, as a
satellite meeting of the 10th Meeting of the International
Society for Neurochemistry, held in Riva del Garda,
Italy on 19-24 May 1985.
Includes indexes.
1. Brain-Congresses. 2. Neurogenetics-Congresses.
3. Gene expression-Congresses. 4. Nerve proteins
Congresses. 5. Nucleic acids-Congresses. I. Giuditta,
Antonio. II. Kaplan, Barry B. III. Zomzely-Neurath,
Claire. IV. Symposium "Role of DNA in Brain Activity"
(1985 : Ravello, Italy) V. International Society for
Neurochemistry. Meeting (lOth : 1985 : Riva, Italy)
VI. Series. [DNLM: 1. Brain-physiology-congresses.
2. DNA-physiology-congresses. 3. RNA-physiology
Congresses. QU 58 R7443 1985]
QP376.R64 1986 591.1 '88 86-12525
ISBN-13: 978-0-89838-814-5 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-2321-1
001: 10. 1007/978-1-4613-2321-1
Copyright © 1986 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishing
Reprint of the original edition 1986
All rights reserved. No part of this publication my be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher, Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, 101 Philip
Drive, Assinippi Park, Norwell, Massachusetts 02061.
CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS ix
PREFACE xi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xiii
I. BRAIN GENE PRODUCTS
1. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE DIVERSITY OF
GENE EXPRESSION IN BRAIN 1
B.B. Kaplan. A.E. Gioio. C. Perrone Capano
and A. Giuditta
2. MESSENGER RNA IN THE BRAIN 10
W.E. Hahn. N. Chaudhari. J. Sikela and G. Owens
3. GENE EXPRESSION IN THE MAMMALIAN BRAIN 23
J.G. Sutcliffe. R.D. McKinnon and A.-P. Tsou
4. EXPRESSION OF BRAIN-SPECIFIC PROTEINS 32
R.J. Milner
5. MESSENGER RNA IS PRESENT IN THE AXOPLASM
OF SQUID GIANT AXONS 42
A. Giuditta. T. Hunt. C. Perrone Capano. L. Santella
and B.B. Kaplan
II. CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF BRAIN GENES
6. MOLECULAR GENETICS OF TYROSINE
HYDROXYLASE 57
J. Mallet. A. Berod. F. B1anot. C. Boni. M. Buda.
N. Faucon Biguet. B. Grima, Ph. Horellou, J. -F. Julien,
A. Lamouroux and J. Powell
vi
7. ANALYSIS OF SYNAPSIN I AND G-SUBSTRAT E GENE
EXPRESSION BY eDNA CLONING AND IN SITU
HYBRIDIZATION HISTOCHEMISTRY 71
L.J. DeGennaro, M. W. Kilimann and C.A. Haas
8. THE EXPRESSION OF MICROTUBULE PROTEINS
DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM 81
1. Ginzburg and U. Z. Littauer
9. REGULATION OF EXPRESSION OF THE HUMAN
PROENKEPHALIN GENE IN HETEROLOGOUS
CELL SYSTEMS 90
E. Herbert, M. Comb, G. Thomas, D. Liston,
A. Seasholtz, H. Rosen and B. Thorne
10. THE REGULATION OF PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN
GENE EXPRESSION BY ESTROGEN IN THE
RAT HYPOTHALAMUS 112
J.L. Roberts, J.N. Wilcox and M. Blum
III. THE MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF NEUROLOGICAL
DISEASES
11. DNA ANALYSIS OF DUCHENNE AND BECKER
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES 123
K.E. Davies, H.R. Dorkins, S. McGlade, S.P. Ball,
S. J. Kenwrick, T. Smith, S. Forrest, L. Wilson, 1. Lavenir,
A. Speer and Ch. Coutelle
12. GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE FRAGILE X-MENTAL
RETARDATION SYNDROME WITH POLYMORPHIC
DNA MARKERS 131
1. Oberli, G. Camerino, B. Arveiler, J. Boue, M. G. Mattei,
J.F. Mattei and J.L. Mandel
13. BRAIN MESSENGER RNA IN ALZHEIMER'S
DISEASE 142
M.R. Morrison, W.S. T. Griffin and
C.L. White, III
14. THE EFFECT OF TRISOMY-21 (DOWN'S SYNDROME)
ON BRAIN TRANSCRIPTION 160
L. Lim, C. Hall, T. Leung and S. Whatley
vii
IV. BRAIN DNA
A. Neuronal Chromatin Structure and DNA Content
15. NEURONAL CHROMATIN DURING
DEVELOPMENT 174
I.R. Brown
16. POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS OF
CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS IN NEURONAL AND
GLIAL NUCLEI FROM DEVELOPING RAT BRAIN 182
I. Serra and A.M. Giuffrida
17. DNA CONTENT IN NEURONS 197
O. Bernocchi and E. Scherini
B. Enzymes Related to DNA Metabolism
18. ENZYMOLOGY OF DNA REPLICATION AND
REPA IR IN BRAIN 211
C.c. Kuenzle
19. BRAIN DNases AND THEIR FUNCTIONAL
IMPORTANCE 224
K. Subba Rao
20. POLYADP-RIBOSE POLYMERASE AND
ADP-RIBOSYLATION REACTION 233
P. Mandel, C. Niedergang, M.E. IUel, H. Thomassin
and A. Masmoudi
c.
DNA Turnover
21. DNA SYNTHESIS AND CELL NUMBER
HOMEOSTASIS IN THE BRAIN 247
V. Mares
22. BRAIN DNA CHANGES DURING LEARNING 256
S. Reinis
viR
23. ROLE OF DNA IN BRAIN INFORMATION
PROCESSING 268
A. Giuditta, M. V. Ambrosini, F. Morelli,
C. Perrone Capano, T. Menna, C. Buono, C. Lamberti,
A. Cerbone and A. Sadile
V. SPECIAL LECTURE
24. RNA AND LEARNING 280
H. Hyden
VI. POSTERS
25. MOLECULAR GENETICS OF THE NERVE CELL
ADHESION MOLECULE N-CAM: EVIDENCE FOR
MULTIPLE, DEVELOPMENTA LLY REGULATED,
mRNA SPECIES 294
G. Gennarini, M.R. Hirsch, M. Hirn and C. Goridis
26. THE CHARACTERIZATION OF eDNAs ENCODING
BRAIN-SPECIFIC AND UBIQUITOUS mRNA BY
HYBRID-SELECTED TRANSLATION 296
C. Hall, T. Leung and L. Lim
27. OPIOID PEPTIDE PRECURSORS IN THE
AMPHIBIAN XENOPUS LAEVIS 299
G.J.M. Martens, O. Civelli and E. Herbert
28. SENSITIVE HYBRIDIZATION TECHNIQUES AS
POWERFUL TOOLS IN MOLECULAR GENETICS
TO IDENTIFY BRAIN-SPECIFIC GENE PRODUCTS 303
T.A. Rhyner, A.A. Borbe/y and J. Mallet
29. MOLECULAR CLONING AND NUCLEOTIDE
SEQUENCES OF eDNA AND GENOMIC DNA FOR
THE RAT BRAIN S-I00 PROTEIN 308
Y. Takahashi, R. Kuwano, H. Usui, T. Maeda and
T. Iwanaga
AUTHOR INDEX 313
SUBJECT INDEX 315
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
G. Bernocchi, Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, Universita di Pavia,
Piazza Botta 10, 1-21700 Pavia, Italy
I.R. Brown, Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, West Hill,
Ontario, MIC lA4 Canada
G. Camerino, Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Universita di
Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
K.E. Davies, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe
Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, England
L.J. DeGennaro, Abteil ung Neurochemie, Max-Pl anck-Inst itut fUr Psi chi atrie,
Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-8033 Planegg-Martinsried, FRG
G. Gennarini, Centre d' Immunologie INSERM-CNRS, Case 906, F-13288
Marseille, France
I. Ginzburg, Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of
Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
A. Giudttta, Dipartimento di Fisiologia Generale e Ambientale, Universita
di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134 Naploli, Italy
A.M. Giuffrida, Istituto di Chimica Biologica, Facolta di Medicina,
Universita di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95100 Catania, Italy
W.E. Hahn, Department of Anatomy, University of Colorado School of
Medicine, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
C. Hall, Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neurology, The
National Hospital, Queen Square, London WCIN 3BG, England
Eo Herbert, Insti tute of Bi omedi cal Research and Department of Bi ochemi stry,
Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road,
Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
H. Hyden, Institute of Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, University of G6teborg, Fack S-400 33 G6teborg 33, Sweden
B.B. Kaplan, Molecular Neurobiology Program, Department of Psychiatry,
Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania 15213, USA
c.c. Kuenzle, Institut fUr Pharmakologie und Biochemie, Universitat
ZUrich-Irchel, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 ZUrich, Switzerland
x
L. Lim, Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neurology, The National
Hospital, Queen Square, London WCIN 3BG, England
J. Mallet, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie, Cellulaire et Moleculaire,
CNRS, F-9II90 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
P. Mandel, Centre de Neurochimie, CNRS, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084
Strasbourg, France
V. Mares, Institute of Physiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences,
Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czechoslovakia
G.J.M. Martens, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of
Nijmegen, Toernooiveld, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
R.J. Milner, Division of Preclinical Neuroscience and Endocrinology,
Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla,
California 92037, USA
M.R. Morrison, Department of Neurology, University of Texas, Health
Science Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
s. Reinis, Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo,
Ontario, N2L 3Gl Canada
T. A. Rhyner, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie, Cellulaire et Moleculaire,
CNRS, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
J.l. Roberts, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University, 630
West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA
K. Subba Rao, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, 500 134
Hyderabad, AP, India
J.G. Sutcliffe, Department of Molecular Biology, Research Institute of
Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California,
92037, USA
Y. Takahashi, Department of Neuropharmacology, Brain Research Institute,
Niigata University, Asahimachi I, Niigata City 951, Japan