Ritual Memory: the Apocryphal Acts and Liturgical Commemoration in the Early Medieval West (C. 500-1215)

351 Pages·2009·2.53 MB·English

by  Els Rose

Ritual Memory
Mittellateinische Studien
und Texte
Editor
Paul Gerhard Schmidt
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
VOLUME40
Ritual Memory
The Apocryphal Acts and Liturgical
Commemoration in the Early Medieval West
(c. 500–1215)
By
Els Rose
LEIDEN•BOSTON
2009
Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Rose,E.(Els)
Ritualmemory:theapocryphalActsandliturgicalcommemorationintheearlymedieval
West(c.500-1215)/byElsRose.
p.cm.--(MittellateinischeStudienundTexte;v.40)
Includesbibliographicalreferences(p.)andindex.
ISBN978-90-04-17171-8(hardback:alk.paper)1.ApocryphalActsofthe
Apostles--Liturgicaluse--Europe--History--To1500.2.Christian
saints--Cult--Europe--History--To1500.3.Apostles.I.Title.II.Series
BS2871.R672009
229’.92506--dc22
2008055422
ISSN: 0076-9754
ISBN:9789004171718
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CONTENTS
Preface ................................................................. xi
Listofabbreviations ................................................... xiii
Generalintroduction .................................................. 1
1. Thequestion ..................................................... 1
2. Choicesanddesign .............................................. 4
3. Thesources ...................................................... 6
3.1. Theliturgyofmass.......................................... 6
3.2. Theliturgyofthehours .................................... 10
3.3. Listsofapostlesandmartyrologies ......................... 14
3.4. Hymns....................................................... 18
3.5. LatinapocryphalActsoftheapostles:theCollectionof
Pseudo-Abdias............................................... 20
Chapter1. TheapocryphalActsandliturgical commemoration... 23
1. Theapocryphal Actsoftheapostles:rejectedorrooted?...... 23
2. Contemporaryapproachestothephenomenonofapocrypha 28
2.1. From‘NewTestamentapocrypha’to‘Christian
apocryphalliterature’ ....................................... 30
2.2. Apocryphaandhagiography ............................... 35
3. Medieval approaches tothephenomenonofapocrypha ...... 42
3.1. Apocryphus:avariety ofmeanings........................... 43
3.2. Apocryphaandheresy...................................... 45
3.3. Apocryphaandcanonicalauthority........................ 49
3.4. Apocryphaandhagiography ............................... 62
3.5. Apocryphaandliturgy...................................... 74
4. Conclusion ....................................................... 77
Chapter2. Bartholomew:apostleagainstidols...................... 79
1. Developmentofthecult ......................................... 79
2. Apocryphaltraditions............................................ 82
viii contents
2.1. ThetraditionofthePassioBartholomaei:Bartholomewin
India ......................................................... 82
2.2. The‘Lycaoniantradition’:BartholomewinAsiaMinor.. 85
2.3. TheArmenian tradition:Bartholomewflayedalive....... 85
3. Listsofapostlesandmartyrologies.............................. 86
3.1. Breviariumapostolorum ........................................ 86
3.2. Deortuetobitupatrum......................................... 87
3.3. Medieval martyrologies:Bede,Florus,Ado,Usuard,
andHrabanus Maurus...................................... 87
4. Theliturgyofmass .............................................. 89
4.1. Gaul ......................................................... 89
4.2. Spain......................................................... 90
4.3. Italy.......................................................... 99
4.4. England......................................................101
5. Theliturgyofthehours .........................................103
6. Hymns............................................................118
6.1. Beneventanhymns..........................................118
6.2. OldSpanishhymns .........................................120
7. Conclusion .......................................................122
Chapter3. PhilipandJames:brothersincult .......................125
1. Developmentofthecult .........................................126
2. Apocryphaltraditions............................................129
2.1. GreekActsofPhilip...........................................129
2.2. Philip:martyrornonmartyr?TheLatintraditions.......130
2.3. PhilipintheCollectionofPseudo-Abdias:apeaceful
death.........................................................131
2.4. James:martyrinthetemple ................................132
3. Listsofapostlesandmartyrologies..............................135
3.1. Breviariumapostolorum ........................................136
3.2. Deortuetobitupatrum.........................................139
3.3. MartyrologiumHieronymianum.................................140
3.4. Medieval martyrologies:Florus,Ado,andUsuard........140
4. Theliturgyofmass ..............................................142
4.1. Rome,FrankishGaul,andnorthernItaly .................142
4.2. Spain.........................................................144
4.3. England......................................................148
5. Theliturgyofthehours .........................................151
contents ix
6. Hymns............................................................155
6.1. AhymninhonourofPhilip:Fulgetcoruscans ...............156
6.2. HymnsinhonourofJamestheLess .......................159
7. Conclusion .......................................................161
Chapter4. Matthew:sinnerandsaint ...............................163
1. Developmentofthecult .........................................163
2. Apocryphaltraditions............................................167
2.1. TheGreekMartyriumMatthaei anditsmedieval Latin
translation ...................................................168
2.2. TheLatinPassioMatthaei intheCollectionof
Pseudo-Abdias...............................................170
3. Listsofapostlesandmartyrologies..............................174
3.1. Breviariumapostolorum ........................................174
3.2. Deortuetobitupatrum.........................................175
3.3. MartyrologiumHieronymianum.................................175
3.4. Medieval martyrologies:Hrabanus,Florus,Ado,and
Usuard.......................................................176
4. Theliturgyofmass ..............................................178
4.1. Gaul .........................................................178
4.2. Spain.........................................................185
4.3. Italy..........................................................193
4.4. England......................................................193
5. Theliturgyofthehours .........................................194
5.1. Thevisionofthefourlivingcreatures: Ezechieland
John’sApocalypse...........................................195
5.2. Themissionoftheapostlesandevangelists................197
6. Hymns............................................................198
6.1. HymnsfromItaly:Salerno .................................198
6.2. HymnsfromSpain..........................................206
7. Conclusion .......................................................210
Chapter5. SimonandJude:brothersinmartyrdom................213
1. Developmentofthecult .........................................213
2. Apocryphaltraditions............................................216
3. Listsofapostlesandmartyrologies..............................222
3.1. Breviariumapostolorum ........................................222
3.2. Deortuetobitupatrum.........................................223
3.3. Medieval martyrologies:Hrabanus,Florus,Ado,and
Usuard.......................................................223