risk factors and biological markers in early pregnancy for adverse pregnancy outcomes, including

236 Pages·2016·1.87 MB·English

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RISK FACTORS AND BIOLOGICAL MARKERS
IN EARLY PREGNANCY FOR
ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES,
INCLUDING PRE-ECLAMPSIA

Marianne Coolman
Acknowledgments
The general design of the General R Study is made possible by financial support from the
Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), the Netherlands
Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport and
the Ministry of Youth and Families.

The work presented in this thesis was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands in collaboration with
the Generation R Group.

ISBN 978-90-6824-057-3

Coverdesign: Olga de Fielliettaz Goethart, Marianne Coolman
Printing: Druk. Tan Heck, Delft

© 2016 by Marianne Coolman, Delft, The Netherlands
For all articles published or accepted the copyright has been transferred to the respective
publisher. No part of this thesis may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means without prior permission of the author or when
appropriate, of the publisher of the manuscript.
RISK FACTORS AND BIOLOGICAL MARKERS IN EARLY
PREGNANCY FOR ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES,
INCLUDING PRE-ECLAMPSIA

Risicofactoren en biologische markers vroeg in zwangerschap en slechte
zwangerschapsuitkomsten, inclusief pre-eclampsie

Proefschrift

ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam op gezag van de
rector magnificus
Prof.dr. H.A.P. Pols
en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties.
De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op woensdag 9 maart 2016 om 11.30 uur

door

Marianne Coolman
geboren te Smallingerland
PROMOTIECOMMISSIE
Promotoren:
Prof.dr. E.A.P. Steegers
Prof.dr. C.J.M. de Groot
Overige leden:
Prof.dr. E.J.G. Sijbrands
Prof.dr. M.E.A. Spaanderman
Prof.dr. Y.B.de Rijke
CONTENTS
Chapter 1 General introduction 9
Chapter 2 Parental risk factors for the development of gestational 21
hypertensive disorders
2.1 Parental risk factors in early pregnancy associated with gestational 23
hypertension.
2.2 Low socioeconomic status is a risk factor for pre-eclampsia. 49
2.3 Maternal educational level and risk of gestational hypertension. 73
2.4 Validation of a prediction model for hypertension in pregnancy in 97
healthy nulliparous women.
2.5 Medical record validation of maternally reported history of 113
pre-eclampsia.
Chapter 3 Hemostatic and angiogenic factors in pregnancy and 129
adverse outcome
3.1 Concentrations of plasminogen activators and their inhibitors in 131
blood preconceptionally, during and after pregnancy.
3.2 Angiogenic and fibrinolytic factors in blood during the first half of 145
pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes.
3.3 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene -1562C/T polymorphism mitigates 169
pre-eclampsia.
Chapter 4 General discussion 185
Chapter 5 Summary/ Samenvatting 211
Chapter 6 About the author 227
PhD portfolio
Dankwoord
MANUSCRIPTS BASED ON THIS THESIS
Chapter 2.1
Coolman M, de Groot CJM, Hofman A, Bonsel G, Jaddoe VW, Steegers EAP. Parental
risk factors in early pregnancy associated with gestational hypertension; The Generation R
Study. Submitted
Chapter 2.2
Silva LM, Coolman M, Steegers EA, Jaddoe VW, Moll HA, Hofman A, Mackenbach JP,
Raat H. Low socioeconomic status is a risk factor for pre-eclampsia; The Generation R
Study. J Hypertens 2008;26:1200-1208.
Chapter 2.3
Silva LM, Coolman M, Steegers E, Jaddoe VW, Moll H, Hofman A, Mackenbach J, Raat
H. Maternal educational level and risk of gestational hypertension: the Generation R
Study. J Hum Hypertens 2008;22:483-492.
Chapter 2.4
Nijdam ME, Coolman M, Bots ML, Franx A, Grobbee DE, Jaddoe VW, Hofman A,
Steegers EAP, Janssen KJM. Validation of a prediction model for hypertension in
pregnancy in healthy nulliparous women. The Generation R Study. Submitted
Chapter 2.5
Coolman M, de Groot CJM, Jaddoe VW, Hofman A, Raat H, Steegers EA. Medical
record validation of maternally reported history of pre-eclampsia. Medical record
validation of maternally reported history of pre-eclampsia. J Clin Epidemiol 2010;63:932-
7.
Chapter 3.1
Coolman M, de Groot CJM, Steegers EAP, Geurts-Moespot A, Thomas CMG, Steegers-
Theunissen RPM, Sweep CGJ. Concentrations of plasminogen activators and their
inhibitors in blood preconceptionally, during and after pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol
Reprod Biol 2006;128:22-8.
Chapter 3.2
de Groot CJM, Timmermans S, de Groot CJM, Russcher H, Lindemans J, Hofman A,
Geurts-Moespot A, Sweep CGJ, Jaddoe VW, Steegers EAP. Angiogenic and Fibrinolytic
Factors in Blood during the first half of Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes. Obstet
Gynecol 2012;119:1190-1200.
Chapter 3.3
M. Coolman, M. de Maat, W.L. Van Heerde, L. Felida, S. Schoormans, E.A.P. Steegers,
R.M. Bertina, C.J.M. de Groot.Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Gene _1562C/T Polymorphism
Mitigates Pre-eclampsia. Placenta 2007;28(7):709-13.