Table Of ContentBiogeochemistry of Trace Metals
Edited by
Domy C. Adriano
First published 1992 by CRC Press
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Advances in Trace Substances Research
Series Preface
The need to synthesize, critically analyze, and put into perspective the ever-mounting body
of information on trace chemicals in the environment provided the impetus for the creation of
this series. In addition to examining the fate, behavior and transport of these substances, the
transfer into the food chain and risk assessment to the consumers, including humans, will also
be taken into account. It is hoped then that this information will be user-friendly to students,
researchers, regulators, and administrators.
The series will have "topical" volumes to address more specific issues as well as volumes
with heterogeneous topics for a quicker dissemination. It will have international scope and
will cover issues involving natural and anthropogenic sources in both the aquatic and
terrestrial ecosystems. To ensure a high quality publication, volume editors and the editorial
board will subject each article to peer review.
Thus, Advances in Trace Substances Research should provide a forum where experts can
discuss contemporary environmental issues dealing with trace chemicals that hopefully can
lead to solutions resulting in a cleaner and healthier environment.
Domy C. Adriano
Editor-in-Chief
Advances in Trace Substances Research
Editorial Board
Series Editor-in-Chief
Domy C. Adriano
University of Georgia
Savannah River Ecology Laboratory
P.O. Box Ε
Aiken, South Carolina 29802
U.S.A.
Associate Editors
Manfred Anke
Karl-Marx Universitat-Leipzig Jena, Germany
Alina Kabata-Pendias
Laboratory for Trace Elements Pulawy, Poland
Wesley J. Birge
USDA — Human Nutrition Research Center Beltsville, MD 20705
Orville A. Levander
University of Kentucky Lexington, KY 40504
Frans Α. Μ. de Haan
Wageningen Agricultural University 6700 EC Wageningen The Netherlands
Michael C. Newman
University of Georgia Savannah River Ecology Laboratory Aiken, SC 29802
Ivor Ε. Dreosti
CSIRO — Division of Human Nutrition Adelaide, AS 5000, Australia
Donald Β. Porcella
Electric Power Research Institute Palo Alto, CA 94303
John P. Giesy
Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824
P. Suresh Rao
University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611
Armon F. Yanders
Environmental Trace Substances Research Center Columbia, MO 65203
Preface
Trace metals are an important environmental contaminant that affect all the ecosystem
components, both in the aquatic and terrestrial systems. There has been an ever-increasing
body of information that indicates trace metals are continually accumulating in the food
chains. Classical examples are toxic effects in the food chain from the itai-itai disease for
cadmium and the Minamata disease for mercury, both in Japan. And now, lead poisoning in
children is becoming a social and health problem not only in the United States but in most of
the industrialized countries. The present book Biogeochemistry of Trace Metals is yet another
compendium of the most recent information on the effects of trace metals in soil quality and
its potential threat on the transfer of these contaminants to the consumers.
Most of the papers were presented during the First International Conference on the
Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements (formerly Metals in Soils, Plants, Waters and Animals)
held in Orlando, Florida in May of 1990. There are two chapters on background levels of
metals in soils and/or plants — one for western Europe and one for the temperate, humid zone
of Europe; six chapters are devoted to the metal cycling and transfer in the food chain in
agroecosystems; two chapters are devoted to uptake and accumulation of metals by bacteria,
fungi and invertebrate animals; two chapters are devoted to mechanistic aspects of metals —
one on metal tolerance in plants, the other on metal-humic substance complexes; and two
special papers are on the microbial aspects of soil selenium losses and manganese sorption on
soil constituents.
The book should be especially interesting to researchers and practitioners in the field. One
other beneficial aspect of the book is its international coverage and how various special cases
from the application of municipal sewage sludge onto land with respect to cadmium transfer
in the food chain are highlighted. Guidelines in soil levels and diets for cadmium and other
metals are also discussed.
Domy C. Adriano
Domy C. Adriano received his Ph.D. in Soil Science at Kansas State University in 1970. He
is currently Professor and Head of the Division of Biogeochemical Ecology at the University of
Georgia's Savannah River Ecology Laboratory located near Aiken, South Carolina. He has
research stints at the University of California, Riverside and at Michigan State University. He
was an Associate Editor for the Journal of Environmental Quality in 1980-1985 and is Editor-
in-Chief of Advances in Trace Substances Research and Editor of Advances in Environmental
Science. He founded and organized the International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of
Trace Elements (formerly Metals in Soils, Water, Plants and Animals), the first one held in
Orlando, Florida, April 28-May 3,1990. He is currently the Chairperson of its International
Executive Committee. He has received several professional awards, including Fellow of the
Soil Science Society of America and of the American Society of Agronomy.
Dr. Adriano's professional interests include the biogeochemistry of trace contaminants in
the soil-plant system from the application of hazardous wastes, trace element
biogeochemistry, waste management, environmental restoration, and soil remediation.
Acknowledgments
This volume contains information presented and discussed by the plenary speakers for the
International Conference on Metals in Soils, Waters, Plants and Animals held in Orlando,
Florida, April 30-May 3, 1990.
The conference would not have been successful without the assistance of certain key
individuals: J. C. Corey, Westinghouse Savannah River Laboratory; I. P. Murarka, Electric
Power Research Institute; M. Chino, University of Tokyo; B. Davies, University of Bradford; I.
Iskandar, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; J. Ryan, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; R.
Severson, U.S. Geological Survey; C. L. Strojan, M. C. Newman and P. M. Bertsch of the
Savannah River Ecology Laboratory; W. J. Birge, University of Kentucky; J. Huckabee, Electric
Power Research Institute; F. A. M. de Haan, Wageningen, The Netherlands; P. M. Giordano,
Tennessee Valley Authority; T. C. Hutchinson, University of Toronto; D. Sauerbeck,
Braunschweig, Germany and I. Thornton, Imperial College of Science and Technology. The
following organizations and agencies also deserve special acknowledgment for their financial
contributions: the Association of Metropolitan Sewerage Agencies; the Electric Power
Research Institute; the Hitachi Kiden Kogyo Ltd. of Japan; Showa Engineering Co., Tokyo; the
Tennessee Valley Authority; the University of Kentucky; the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
and Wageningen Agricultural University.
I am especially grateful for the excellent secretarial assistance of Ms. Edith Towns and Ms.
Brenda Rosier, who flawlessly handled the reviews of the chapters in this volume.
Undoubtedly the following reviewers enhanced the quality of the manuscripts with their
rigorous criticisms. The reviewers included:
Alloway, B. J. University of London
Angle, J. S. University of Maryland
Baker, A. J. M. University of Sheffield
Baligar, V. C. USDA Appalachian Soil & Water Conservation Research Laboratory
Bloom, P. R. University of Minnesota
Candelaria, L. M. University of California-Riverside
Carlson, C. L. Bowling Green State University
Chang, A. C. University of California-Riverside
Chen, J. Peking University
Chino, M. University of Tokyo
Cronan, C. S. University of Maine
