Table Of ContentZOOSYSTEMATICA ROSSICA, 21(2): 279–290 25 DECEMBER 2012
Revision of V.I. Belizin’s type material of Alloxysta
(Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) deposited
in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Ревизия типового материала В.И. Белизина по роду Alloxysta
(Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae), хранящегося
в Зоологическом институте Российской академии наук
M. FERRER-SUAY*, J. SELFA & J. PUJADE-VILLAR
М. ФЕРРЕР-СУАЙ, Х. СЕЛФА И ДЖ. ПУДЖАДЕ-ВИЙАР
M. Ferrer-Suay, Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Animal. Avda. Diagonal
645, 08028-Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: [email protected]. *Corresponding author.
J. Selfa, Universitat de València, Facultat de Ciències Biològiques, Departament de Zoologia. Campus de Burjassot-
Paterna, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot (València), Spain. E-mail: [email protected]
J. Pujade-Villar, Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Animal. Avda. Diagonal
645, 08028-Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: [email protected]
A revision of the type material of species of the genus Alloxysta described by V.I. Belizin depos-
ited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences is provided. Six Alloxysta
species were studied, three of which are valid: A. aurata Belizin, 1968, A. proxima Belizin, 1962,
and A. salicicola Belizin, 1973. Valid species are completely re-described and their diagnostic
characters are illustrated. Three remaining species are synonymised with other species of this
genus: Alloxysta brevicella Belizin, 1966 with A. citripes (Thomson, 1862), A. capillata Belizin,
1962 with A. castanea (Hartig, 1841), and A. contineus (Belizin, 1962) with A. victrix (West-
wood, 1833). The characters used to establish these new synonymies are also illustrated.
Проведена ревизия типового материала В.И. Белизина по роду Alloxysta, хранящегося в
Зоологическом институте РАН. Было изучено шесть видов, из которых валидными яв-
ляются три: Alloxysta aurata Belizin, 1968, A. proxima Belizin, 1962 и A. salicicola Belizin,
1973. Валидные виды детально переописаны, и их диагностические признаки проиллю-
стрированы. Остальные три вида, описанные Белизиным, синонимизированы с други-
ми видами этого рода: Alloxysta brevicella Belizin, 1966 с A. citripes (Thomson, 1862); A.
capillata Belizin, 1962 с A. castanea (Hartig, 1841); A. contineus (Belizin, 1962) с A. victrix
(Westwood, 1833). Даны иллюстрации признаков, используемых для обоснования ука-
занных синонимов.
Key words: Figitidae, Charipinae, Alloxysta, Belizin
Ключевые слова: Figitidae, Charipinae, Alloxysta, Белизин
INTRODUCTION ing in an historical taxonomical chaos. Eight
genera are considered as valid within the
Members of subfamily Charipinae are
Charipinae: Alloxysta Förster, 1869 (cos-
very small wasps (0.8–2.0 mm) with a mopolitan), Phaenoglyphis Förster, 1869
smooth and shiny body that are widely dis- (cosmopolitan), Lytoxysta Kieffer, 1909
tributed around the world. Species of Char- (North America), Lobopterocharips Paretas-
ipinae have very few diagnostic features, Martínez et Pujade-Villar, 2007 (Nepal),
and this has always been an obstacle to cor- Dilyta Förster, 1869 (cosmopolitan except
rectly identify charipine specimens result- Australia), Apocharips Fergusson, 1986
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes
280 M. FERRER-SUAY ET AL. BELIZIN’S TYPE MATERIAL OF ALLOXYSTA
(Eastern Palaearctic and Neotropics), Dil- covery V8 compound microscope with an
apothor Paretas-Martinez et Pujade-Villar, attached INFINITYX–21C digital camera
2006 (Australia), and Thoreauana Girault, that fed image data to a notebook or desk-
1930 (Australia). top computer. The programme DeltaPix
Alloxysta is the most species-rich and View-Pro AZ was then used to merge an
widespread genus within subfamily Char- image series (typically representing 20 fo-
ipinae. Alloxysta species, when known, are cal planes) into a single in-focus image. The
biologically characterised as hyperparasit- images obtained from microscope slides
oids of aphids via Aphidiinae (Hymenop- were taken with a Leitz Dialux 20 miscro-
tera: Ichneumonoidea: Braconidae) and scope with an attached ProRes® C3 digital
Aphelininae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: camera that fed image data to a notebook or
Aphelinidae). This genus includes 111 valid desktop computer with the Prog Res Cap-
species (Ferrer-Suay et al., 2012), but most ture Pro 2.7.7 programme.
of them are only briefly described and their All material studied is deposited in the
main features are unclear. Thus, Alloxysta is Zoological Institute of the Russian Acad-
a problematic genus where limits between emy of Sciences (Saint Petersburg, Russia;
species are not clearly defined. The charac- curated by S. Belokobylskij).
ters useful to distinguish Alloxysta species The morphological terms follow Paretas-
are only: 1) proportions of antennal flagel- Martínez et al. (2007). Measurements and
lomeres; 2) size and shape of radial cell; 3) abbreviations include: F1–F12, first and
presence or absence of pronotal carina; and subsequent flagellomeres. Measures in an-
4) presence or absence of propodeal carina tennal formula are given by length (width)
and their shape (Ferrer-Suay et al., 2011). from the pedicel to F4. The width of the ra-
We have studied (Ferrer-Suay et al., un- dial cell is measured from the margin of the
publ.) several Charipinae collections to wing to the beginning of the Rs vein. The
revise the type material of many Alloxysta transfacial line is the distance between the
species of other authors: Thomson (1862, inner margins of the compound eyes, mea-
sured across the face through the antennal
1877), Zettersted (1838), Hartig (1840,
sockets. The malar space is the distance
1841) and Curtis (1838).
from the mouthparts to the ventral margin
We examined the type material of six
of the compound eye. Females and males of
Alloxysta species described by V.I. Belizin
the species described have similar charac-
and deposited in the Zoological Institute of
ters except for those specifically mentioned
the Russian Academy of Sciences, namely:
in the re-descriptions.
A. aurata Belizin, 1968, A. brevicella Beli-
zin, 1966, A. capillata Belizin, 1962, A. con-
tineus (Belizin, 1962), A. proxima Belizin, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1962 and A. salicicola Belizin, 1973. Three
Order HYMENOPTERA
of these species are considered valid and are
here re-described and illustrated. Remain- Family FIGITIDAE
ing three species are synonymised with oth-
Subfamily CHARIPINAE
er species of Alloxysta, and the characters
used to establish these synonymies are also Alloxysta Förster, 1869
illustrated.
Alloxysta aurata Belizin, 1968
(Fig. 1)
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Alloxysta aurata Belizin, 1968: 716.
To preserve the type material, all speci-
Holotype: female, «Vladivostok, Akadem-
mens were studied using stereomicroscopy. gorodok, M. Kozlov, 9.8.61», «Holotypus Al-
The images were obtained with a Zeiss Dis- loxysta aurata m V. Belizin det. ♀» (red label).
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 21(2): 279–290
M. FERRER-SUAY ET AL. BELIZIN’S TYPE MATERIAL OF ALLOXYSTA 281
Fig. 1. Holotype of Alloxysta aurata: a, forewing; b, pronotum; c, antenna; d, propodeum; e, meso-
scutum.
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 21(2): 279–290
282 M. FERRER-SUAY ET AL. BELIZIN’S TYPE MATERIAL OF ALLOXYSTA
Fig. 2. Holotype of Alloxysta capillata (=Alloxysta castanea): a, forewing; b, pronotum; c, antenna;
d, propodeum. All pictures were taken from the type material of A. capillata.
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 21(2): 279–290
M. FERRER-SUAY ET AL. BELIZIN’S TYPE MATERIAL OF ALLOXYSTA 283
Fig. 3. Holotype of Alloxysta brevicella (=Alloxysta citripes): a, forewing; b, antenna; c, radial cell; d,
pronotum; e, propodeum; f, body.
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 21(2): 279–290
284 M. FERRER-SUAY ET AL. BELIZIN’S TYPE MATERIAL OF ALLOXYSTA
Fig. 4. Holotype of Alloxysta proxima: a, forewing; b, pronotum; c, propodeum; d, antenna; e, body.
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 21(2): 279–290
M. FERRER-SUAY ET AL. BELIZIN’S TYPE MATERIAL OF ALLOXYSTA 285
Fig. 5. Holotype of Alloxysta salicicola: a, forewing; b, pronotum; c, antenna; d, propodeum.
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 21(2): 279–290
286 M. FERRER-SUAY ET AL. BELIZIN’S TYPE MATERIAL OF ALLOXYSTA
Fig. 6. Holotype of Alloxysta contineus (=Alloxysta victrix): a, radial cell; b, pronotum; c, antenna;
d, propodeum.
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 21(2): 279–290
M. FERRER-SUAY ET AL. BELIZIN’S TYPE MATERIAL OF ALLOXYSTA 287
Diagnosis. Alloxysta aurata is morpho- brous in center, wider laterally. T3 and T4
logically similar to A. castanea (Hartig, clearly distinguished.
1841): both species having the radial cell Distribution. Russia, Primorskiy Kray
partially open, the pronotal and propodeal (Belizin 1968: 716).
carinae present. These two species differ in Hosts. Unknown.
the ratio length/width of the flagellomeres
that are longer in A. aurata (Fig. 1c) than Alloxysta castanea (Hartig, 1840)
in A. castanea; proportions between the (Fig. 2)
flagellomeres, F2 shorter than F3 in A. au-
Xystus castanea Hartig, 1841: 352.
rata (Fig. 1c) while F2 subequal to F3 in A.
Alloxysta capillata Belizin, 1962: 128. Syn. nov.
castanea; size of the radial cell, 3.0 times as
long as wide in A. aurata (Fig. 1a) and 2.4 Holotype of A. capillata: female, «Burevest-
times in A. castanea. nik, Iturup I., 29.X.56, R. Vasiliev», «Holotypus
Alloxysta capillata m V. Belizin det ♀» (red label).
Remark. The study of the type material
Re-description (male unknown)
of A. capillata evidences that this species is a
Colouration. Head, mesosoma and meta- new synonym of A. castanea (Hartig, 1840)
soma yellowish brown. Scape, pedicel, F1– as it has the radial cell partially open (Fig.
F3 dark yellow; F4–F11 yellowish brown. 2a), F1 longer than the pedicel and F2, F2–
Legs dark yellow. Veins yellowish brown. F4 subequal in length (Fig. 2c), the pronotal
Head. Transversally ovate, smooth and and propodeal carinae present (Fig. 2b, d).
shiny, slightly wider than high in anterior
view. With setae below, between and a few
Alloxysta citripes (Thomson, 1862)
above toruli; no setae on vertex, and many
(Fig. 3)
on face. Transfacial line 1.3 times height of
compound eye. Malar space 0.5 times height Allotria citripes Thomson, 1862: 410.
of compound eye. Alloxysta brevicella Belizin, 1966: 6. Syn. nov.
Antenna. Filiform, 13-segmented (Fig.
Holotype of A. brevicella: female, «Kishinev
1c). All antennomeres with sparse setae. MSSP, 28.IX–2.X.62, Talitskiy», «Holotypus Al-
F1–F3 slender and smoother than remain- loxysta brevicella m V. Belizin det ♀» (red label).
ing flagellomeres, F4–F11 with rhinaria, Remark. The study of the type material
club-shaped. Antennal formula: 2.5 (1.0); of A. brevicella evidences that this species
4.0 (0.7); 3.6 (0.7); 4.0 (0.7); 4.0 (0.7); F4– is a new synonym of A. citripes (Thomson,
F11 subequal in length, width and similar 1862) as it has the radial cell small and
in shape. partially open (Fig. 3c), from pedicel to F3
Mesosoma. Pronotum with sparse setae, subequal in length (Fig. 3b), the propodeal
two carinae present (Fig. 1b). Mesoscutum carina wide and not protruding, covered by
smooth and shiny, round in dorsal view, with many setae (Fig. 3e), and the pronotal cari-
few scattered setae. Scutellum smooth and nae present (Fig. 3d).
shiny, with few scattered setae abundant on
apex (Fig. 1e). Propodeum with setae, with Alloxysta proxima Belizin, 1962
two carinae forming a plate covered by few (Fig. 4)
setae (Fig. 1d).
Forewing. Longer than body. Covered Alloxysta proxima Belizin, 1962: 128.
with dense pubescence; marginal setae pre-
Holotype: female, «Preobrazhenskoe, o.
sent. Radial cell partially open, 3.0 times as Mednyi, K. Gorodkov, 1959», «Holotypus Al-
long as wide. R1 short and slightly curved; loxysta proxima m V. Belizin det ♀» (red label).
Rs long and curved (Fig. 1a). Diagnosis. The combination of mor-
Metasoma. Smooth and shiny. Anterior phological characters of A. proxima clearly
part with an incomplete ring of setae, gla- differentiates it from other Alloxysta spe-
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 21(2): 279–290
288 M. FERRER-SUAY ET AL. BELIZIN’S TYPE MATERIAL OF ALLOXYSTA
cies, namely: a completely open radial cell, «Holotypus Alloxysta salicicola m V. Belizin det
pronotal and propodeal carinae absent. ♀» (red label).
Diagnosis. Alloxysta salicicola is simi-
lar to A. macrophadna (Hartig, 1841): both
Re-description (male unknown)
species having the radial cell partially open,
Colouration. Head, mesosoma and meta- the pronotal carinae present, and the pro-
soma dark brown. Scape, pedicel and F1– podeal carinae absent. These two species
F3 dark yellow; F4–F11 yellowish brown. can be differentiated by the proportion of
Legs dark yellow. Veins yellowish brown. flagellomeres: F2–F4 subequal in length in
Head. Transversally ovate, smooth and A. salicicola (Fig. 5c) while F2 longer than
shiny, slightly wider than high in anterior F3 and F3 subequal to F4 in A. macroph-
view. With setae below, between and a few adna, and size of the radial cell: 2.6 times as
above toruli. Scarce setae on vertex, many long as wide in A. salicicola (Fig. 5a) and 3.0
setae on face. Transfacial line and malar times in A. macrophadna.
space can not be measured due to the posi-
tion of the type specimen. Re-description (male unknown)
Antenna. Filiform, 13-segmented (Fig.
Colouration. Head, mesosoma and meta-
4d). All antennomeres with sparse setae.
F1–F3 slender and smoother than remain- soma brown. Scape, pedicel and F1 dark
ing flagellomeres, F4–F11 with rhinaria, yellow; F2–F11 yellowish brown. Legs yel-
club shaped. Antennal formula: 2.9 (1.9); low. Veins yellowish brown.
5.0 (1.2); 5.5 (1.3); 4.5 (1.3); 4.5 (1.6); F4– Head. Transversally ovate, smooth and
F11 subequal in length, width and shape. shiny, slightly wider than high in anterior
Mesosoma. Pronotum with abundant se- view. Transfacial line 1.4 times the height
tae, lacking visible carinae (Fig. 4b). Mes- of compound eye. Malar space 0.8 times the
oscutum smooth and shiny, round in dorsal height of compound eye.
view, with few scattered setae. Scutellum Antenna. Filiform, 13-segmented (Fig.
smooth and shiny, with few scattered setae 5c). All antennomeres with sparse setae.
abundant on apex. Propodeum with setae, F1–F2 slender and smoother than remain-
lacking carinae (Fig. 4c). ing flagellomeres, F3–F11 with rhinaria,
Forewing. Longer than body. Covered club shaped. Antennal formula: 3.0 (1.7);
with dense pubescence; marginal setae pre- 6.5 (1.0); 5.0 (1.1); 4.5 (1.4); 4.5 (1.4); F4–
sent. Radial cell open, 2.3 times as long as F11 subequal in length, width and shape.
wide. R1 short and slightly curved; Rs long Mesosoma. Pronotum with numerous
and curved (Fig. 4a). setae, two carinae present (Fig. 5b). Mes-
Metasoma. Smooth and shiny. Anterior oscutum smooth and shiny, round in dorsal
part with an incomplete ring of setae, gla- view, with a few scattered setae. Scutellum
brous at center, wider laterally. T3 and T4 smooth and shiny, with scattered setae,
clearly distinguished. abundant on apex. Propodeum with abun-
Distribution. Russia, Sakhalin Prov- dant pubescence, lacking carinae (Fig. 5d).
ince, Mednyi I. (Belizin 1962: 128). Forewing. Longer than body. Covered
Hosts. Unknown. with dense pubescence; marginal setae pre-
sent. Radial cell partially open, 2.6 times as
Alloxysta salicicola Belizin, 1973 long as wide. R1 short and slightly curved;
(Fig. 5) Rs long and curved (Fig. 5a).
Metasoma. Smooth and shiny. Anterior
Alloxysta salicicola Belizin, 1973: 36. part with an incomplete ring of setae, gla-
Holotype: female, «Severo-Kurilsk, Paramu- brous in center and wider laterally. T3 and
shir I., aphids on Salix, 5.VIII.964» (red label), T4 clearly distinguished.
© 2012 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 21(2): 279–290
