Table Of ContentDUFFELS
J. p.
InstituteofTaxonomieZoology (ZoologicalMuseum), UniversityofAmsterdam
REVISION OF THE GENUS CHAMPAKA
(HOMOPTERA, CICADIDAE) FROM BORNEO AND
SULAWESI
DuffelsJ.P.,1991.RevisionofthegenusChampaka(Homoptera,Cicadidae)fromBorneo
andSulawesi. -Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 134: 177-182, figs. 1-7. [isSN 0040-7496].
Published 18December 1991.
ThegenusChampakaanditsspeciesareredescribed.ThegenusincludesC.celebensis(=
NW
C. maculipennissyn. n.) from SulawesiandC.viridimaculata (=C.harveyisyn.n.),
a widespreadspecies in Borneo. Lectotypes aredesignated. The relationshipsofCham-
pakaarediscussed.
DMri.ddJ.enP.laDaufnfe6l4s,,1I0n1s8titDutHeoAfmsTtaexrodnaomm,ieThZoeolNoegtyh,erDleanpdasr.tmentofEntomology,Plantage
During our ongoing studies of the cicadas of Homoptera collection (Coll. Müller) and Institute
Sulawesi, we have noted that the cicada-fauna of ofTaxonomieZoology(ZoologicalMuseum),Uni-
this islandis highlyendemicandamixtureoftaxa versity ofAmsterdam,The Netherlands (ZMA).
with Oriental and Australian relationships (Duf-
fels 1990). The cicada genus Champaka, Distant, Taxonomy
1905, revised in the present paper, has Oriental
affinities. The distribution of the genus reflects a The references to thegenus and the species are
biogeographic coherence between Sulawesi and a selectionofthe most relevant literature; further
Borneo. references can be obtained from thecatalogues by
The genus Champaka was erected by Distant Metcalf (1962, 1963) and Duffels «& Vander Laan
(1905) forPomponiaviridim-aculataDistant, 1889, (1985).
fromNorthBorneo,whichisthusthetype-species
by monotypy. Later, the same author added two
Champaka Distant
otherspecies tothegenus,viz., Cham-pakaharveyi
Distant,1912fromBorneoandChampakaceleben- ChampakaDistant, 1905:60,70.-Distant 1906:49,71;
sisDistant, 1913 fromCelebes [=Sulawesi].Some Distant 1912: 39, 56; Moulton 1923: 82, 116, 166. -
years laterHaupt (1917) described Champakama- Type-speciesbymonotypy: Champakaviridimaculata
culipennisfromCelebes.Thepresentstudyreveals (Distant, 1889).
thesynonymyofthetypes fromBorneo,aswellas
those from Sulawesi. Diagnosis. -Postclypeusglobular. Headconsid-
erably broader than mesonotum. Head about as
longas wide betweeneyes. Male abdomenconsid-
Depositories
erably longer than head and thorax together. Lat-
Abbreviations for depositories ofmaterial used eralmarginsofpronotumampliatedanddistinctly
inthispaper: NaturalHistoryMuseum (formerly: toothed at midlength. Male operculum triangular,
BritishMuseum (NaturalHistory)),London,Uni- short, reachingjustbeyond anteriormarginofab-
ted Kingdom (BMNH); California Academy of dominalsegment3 ortohalf-lengththissegment.
Sciences, Department of Entomology, San Fran- Greatest width of tegmen less than a third of its
cisco,USA (CAS);DeutschesEntomologischesIn- length.
stitut, Eberswalde,Germany (DEI); National Mu- CharacterizationofthegenusCham.pakabysyn-
seumofNatural History (formerly: Rijksmuseum apomorphies must await phylogenetic analysis of
van Natuurlijke Historie), Leiden, The Nether- the characters of the species of Champaka and
lands (RMNH); private collection Professor Dr. related genera. The combination of the elongate
H.J.Müller,Jena,Germany,containingH.Haupt's body-shape and the short opercula of the male
177
TijdschriftvoorEntomologie,volume 134, 1991
/
Duffels: RevisionofChampaka
sonotum disk; abdomen dorsally with scattered cave lateral margin
silvery pilosity in a median and two lateral bands. Genitalia (fig. 3). Pygofer one and a half times
Underside ofbody somewhat lighter brown. as longaswide; widestathalf-length. Both,lateral
Head: Postclypeus forthegreaterpartdarkcas- marginsofapical halfofpygoferandsidesofbasal
taneouswithmedial,oval,greenishspotatanterior cup of pygofer pronounced. Uncus lobes broad,
marginandlightbrownlateralparts.Aroundblack lateral margins weakly concave, apical margin
spotenclosing theocelli; three pairs ofvery small weakly convex to attenuate laterodistal corner.
spots are situated laterallyofocelli. Rostrum with Measurements in mm (6 $). Body length 49.0-
dark brown apex passing hindcoxae. 61.0 (52.9 ± 3.8); head width 13.8-15.5 (14.5 ±
Thorax:Pronotumwithonebroad,darkcastane- 0.7); pronotum width 14.7-16.4 (15.3 ± 0.6); teg-
ous,centralfasciawhichwidenstotheanteriorand men length 55.7-62.5 (60.5 ± 2.3).
to the posterior, a pair of juxtaposed or fused,
small,blackspots in thecentralfasciajust in front Distribution (fig. 7)
ofpronotaicollar, apairoffairly large, half-moon This species was collected in Palu and in an
NW
shaped, black-brown spots between the two pairs unknown locality in Sulawesi. The specimen
ofoblique fissures and twopairs ofshort, narrow, from Palu in the RMNH was collected from a
black-brown lines just above and below proximal window-pane of a restaurant in town in 1985. In
ends of posterior oblique fissures. The narrow, spiteofratherintensivecollectingnearPaluandin
black-brown coloration of posterior oblique fis- other areas of Sulawesi in recent years, no more
suresbroadens distallyandcontinues along lateral specimens ofthis species became available.
partofambientfissureasafasciaofvariablewidth.
sProonnoottuaml wcoiltlharvalagtueeralmleydwiiatnhfdasacrika,saufpfauisrioon.f nMaer-- Champaka virtdimaculata (Distant)
row,black-brown,slightlyconvergingparamedian (figs. 1,4,6.7)
fasciae reaching to half the mesonotum length, a PomponiaviridimaculataDistant,1889:421.-Lectotype
pairofsmall, round,black-brownspots in frontof $ [here designated] 'Kina Balu / (Whitehead)'
cruciformelevationandapairofverybroadlateral [handwritten], 'viridi- / maculata / Dist'
fasciaeon posterior halfor two-thirds ofmesono- [handwritten], 'Type' [print; red margined round
tum. Cruciformelevation lighterthanmesonotum label], 'Distant coll. / 1911-383' [print] (BMNH)
[examined],
disk; anterior arms of cruciform elevation with Pomponiaviridimaculata;Distant 1891:73,Pl.X,figs.9,
distinctdark mark. 9a-b; Distant 1892: xii; Breddin 1900: 180.
Tegmina and wings: Hyaline. Venation ochre- Champakaviridimaculata;Distant 1905: 66,70;Distant
ous to light brown variegated with black-brown; 1906: 71; Distant 1912: 57, PI. 6, figs.49a-c; Distant
basalcellandextremebasalvenationoftegmenof 1913: 80; Haupt 1917: 306; Moulton 1923: 116, 168.
specimen collected in 1985 with light greenish Champaka harveyi Distant, 1912: 57. - Holotype $:
tinge. Tegmina with infuscations around trans- 'YD)uYtlc-hò2B^or[hnaenodw/ritBtaelna]k,p'aCphpaamnpa/kaHe/nhrayrveHyair/veDiyst/.
verseveins atbasesof2nd, 3rd, 5thand7th apical type' [Distant'swriting],'Type' [print; redmargined
areas; infuscationatbaseof7thapicalareaextend- roundlabel] (BMNH) [examined] (syn. n.).
ing along posterior vein ofthis area. Lectotype of Champakaharveyi;Moulton 1923: 116, 168.
celebensiswithverysmall,marginalspotsatapices Cham-pakaviridimaculataharveyi;Haupt 1917: 306.
of longitudinal veins of tegmina; most of these
spots are missing in theother specimens. Othermaterialexamined.- \$paralectotypePompo-
Legs: Fore femora black-brown with yellowish nia viridimaculata, Kina Balu, Whitehead, Distant coll.
basalor middlepart; middle and hind femoracas- 1911-383 (BMNH). Indonesia,Kalimantan: 2 $,Ponti-
taneous brown, middle femora with black-brown anak,BorneoExp.,MaxWeber (RMNH); 1 $,Sambas,
anteriorline.Tibiaeofalllegsandtarsiofforeand Dr.J. Bosschoo, acq. 1891 (RMNH); 1 $,SangaSanga,
middle legs castaneous brown (tarsi of hind legs H.D.Jansen,1907-203(BMNH).-Malaysia,Sabah:2$,
missing). Mt. Kinabaiu, Tenom Keningau, 4-8.iii.1964,J. Smart,
witOhpearlcmuolsutmst(rfaiig.ght5):latTerrialangaunldarm,edliiaglhtmabrrgoiwnns, 9RN9.o-y2oa7fl9RS,aovncia.ruEi,dxipm1ea6dc0.0u,'l,aBt.2aM6..-D2i19s.9ti6.v4.-(l2B957M00N,(HTB).M;WN5H)$&,;MP1.or(JiC,nLgDa,ab9vuiamWenis,.
and a subacutely rounded apex, reaching to half- (CAS); 1$,Tawau,lO.iv.1970,G.Mendenhall,coll.T.
lengthabdominalsegment3ortoalmostposterior Davies (CAS); 3 $, Tawau, Brumas Camp, xi.l974, C.
margin ofthis segment. Pruett, B. M. 1975-590 (BMNH); 8 2, Sandakan Dist.,
brAobwdnovmeentnr:allCya,stvaernyeoluosngb,raobwonutdo1r.4satlilmyeasnadslliognhgt CR5.u9Jm0.i(dBBir,oMoNRkH.s)L(.aBb-uMkMN,aHl)la6y;-s3i20a.,$i,Sx.aKlre9ad7w3ua,rko:Cn.g1P,$r,uMeoBtiutdl,it,Bo.1n9,M0.7D-i11s99t07a85n,-t
asheadandthoraxtogether.Timbalcoveringwith coll. 1911-383 (BMNH); 4 $, Kedurong, iii.l911,J. C.
weakly convex anterior margin and weakly con- Moulton, 1911-141 (BMNH). - Brunei: 5 $, Brunei,
179
TijdschriftvoorEntomologie,volume 134, 1991
Figs. 3-6. Champakassp. - 3,Malepygoferinventralview, C. celebensis,Sulawesi,Palu, 1985;4,Idem,C. viridima-
culata, Brunei, Badas; 5, Male operculum in ventrolateral view, C celebensis, Sulawesi, Palu, 1985; 6, Idem, C.
viridimaculata,Brunei,Badas.
180
Duffels: RevisionofChampaka
Fig. 7. Distributionof
Champakaviridimaculata
(blackdots) and Champaka
celebensis (triangle).
Waterstradt (BMNH); 2 $, Brunei, booreiland voor de underside of head, with exception of postclypeus,
kust (drilling platform offthecoast), acq. 1969, C. Kra- more thickly covered with long silvery hairs.
nenburg (ZMA); 9$, Badas,Agathis / swamp forest/ Head:PostclypeusmoreglobularthaninC.cele-
secondaryvegetation,27.ii.1982,50-100',G.S.Robinson, bensis; colour dark castaneous with medial, oval,
l1o9w8l2a-n1d56fo(rBesMt,NHl)-3;.ü5i.Sl,98R2,am1p00a'y,oGh.RS..(Rnoobrithn)s,onL,PB19M5, lightochreoustolightbrownishspot.Ablackspot
1982-156 (BMNH); 1 S, S. Selanjak, 4464.1432, man- encloses theocelli andapairoflargedarkspots is
grove, m,8-9.iii.1984,Maj. T. P.G. Helps,B. M. 1984- situated between ocelli and eyes. Rostrum dark
296 (BMNH). brown to apex andjust reachingposterior margin
ofhindcoxae.
Thorax: Pronotum with an, often indistinct,
Synonymy
marking consisting of a pair of central fasciae, a
C. harveyiwas separatedfrom C. viridimaculata pair of spots between the two pairs of oblique
by the immaculate tegmina, thegreyish-white ba- fissures and a dark coloration in these oblique fis-
salmembranesoftegminaandwingsandthemore sures. Mesonotum shiny and often darker brown
pointed male operculum. Study of the holotype of than pronotum but without discernible marking.
C. harveyiled to theconclusionthat this specimen Tegminaandwings:Hyaline.Colourofvenation
is an immature C. viridimaculata. The holotypeof oftegmen as in C. celebensis. Transverse veins of
harveyi has very faint, but still recognizable spots 2nd and 3rd apical areas of tegmen infuscated. A
on the tegmina. White basal membranes in the distinct brown spot is found at apex of anterior
tegmina and wings are also found in specimens of longitudinal veins of 2nd apical area, while some
C. viridimaculata. Theoperculaofharveyiseem to specimens have two or three more, very small,
be more pointed but this is an artefact due to marginal spots. Basal membranes of tegmina and
deformation ofthe soft body. wings vividlygreen. Legs as in C. celebensis.
Male. Operculum (fig. 6): Triangular, dark
brown, with an almost straight medial margin, a
Description
weaklyconvexlateralmargin,andanaboutrectan-
Bodybrown todarkbrownorblack-brownwith gular apex reaching just beyond posterior margin
exception of some parts of mesonotum and pro- of abdominal segment 2.
notum collar, which are light brown or lightly Abdomen: Castaneous brown to black brown
greenish tinged; abdomenofbothsexesoftencas- dorsallyandsomewhatlighterventrally,verylong,
taneous. Pilosity on body as in C celebensis but 1.3-1.5 times as long as head and thorax together.
181
TijdschriftvoorEntomologie,volume 134, 1991
Timbalcoveringdistinctlybroaderthanin C. cele- References
bensis, leaving a smaller part of interior timbal Breddin,G., 1900. HemipteragesammeltvonProfessor
cavity exposed; lateral margin of timbal covering KükenthalimMalayischenArchipel.-Abhandlungen
straightor very slightlyconvex. der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesell-
Genitalia (fig. 4): Pygofer somewhat less than schaft25: 139-202 -(-piate9.
twiceaslongaswide,widestathalf-length.Lateral Distant, W. L., 1889. Descriptions of new species of
marginsofapicalhalfofpygoferandcurvedridges RhynchotacollectedonorneartheKinaBaluMoun-
forming sides of basal pygofer cup strongly pro- tain,NorthBorneo.-AnnalsandMagazineofnatural
History (6) 3: 419-422.
nounced. Uncus with two lobes narrowing to api- Distant,W.L, 1891.AmonographofOrientalCicadidae
ces. Apex ofuncus lobe bidentate, medial teeth of 4: 73-96 + plates vii-ix. - West, Newman & Co.,
bothlobesjuxtaposedandslightlyrecurved,lateral London.
tooth triangular. Distant,W.L., 1892.AmonographofOrientalCicadidae
Female. Operculum: Semicircular shaped and 7:i-xiv-|-145-158+platexv.-West,Newman&Co.,
London.
withslightlyconvexsurfacecoveredwithscattered
Distant,W.L.,1905.Rhynchotalnotes,xxix.-Annalsand
pilosity.Operculumreachingjustbeyondposterior MagazWineofnaturalHistory (7) 15: 58-70.
margin ofabdominal segment 2. Distant, L., 1906. AsynonymiccatalogueofHomop-
Abdomen:Castaneousbrowndorsallyandsome- tera. Part 1.Cicadidae: 1-207.
what lighter ventrally. Dorsal surface scattered Distant, W. L., 1912. Homoptera, Fam. Cicadidae, Sub-
silvery pilose. Abdomen 0.9-1.2 times as long as fam. Cicadinae. - Genera Insectorum 142: 1-64 -|-
head and thorax together. platesW1-7.
$h(1e4a5M.1de8.a5w±s-iu5d16rt..eh10)m;e$(5pn3tr1.so58.n2+ion-t11m5u..m5m8),w(i$(1d15t03.h56c.^$6±,-841095.$..3)2)5.,-(1B4$7o2..d515y2(.±1l76e-.4n1.2g58t.)±h8; DDuifsftai(eannHlngdost,m,tMooJap.gttahPeL.ez.r,,iaHn1,1oe99m19Co3o0if..cpatnDdBaeeotisriuocdorgreauiealsp)ot.gHifir-oasamntpIisohnlr:oyyyfWCon(.if8ec)Jaw.Sd1uiKs2ldp:naaeiwec7ge.i6hse-is-t81bA.&cenilcJno.aandlDga.s-s
0.6), 9 12.3-17.1 (15.0 ± 1.7); tegmen length $ Holloway (eds.).InsectsandtherainforestsofSouth
51.0-66.2 (63.1 ± 1.7), $ 51.7-64.7 (57.6 + 4.6). EastAsia(Wallacea):63-72.RoyalEntomologicalSo-
ciety,London.
Duffels,J.P.&P.A.vanderLaan,1985.Catalogueofthe
Distribution (fig. 7) Cicadoidea (Homoptera. Auchenorhyncha) 1956-
1980. -SeriesEntomologica34: i-xiv+ 1-414.
This species is an endemic of Borneo and re- Haupt, H., 1917. Fünf neue Homopteren des indo-ma-
corded from lowland localities only. layischenFaunengebietes.-StettinerEntomologische
Zeitung78: 303-309.
Metcalf, Z.P, 1962. A bibliography of the Cicadoidea
Acknowledgements (Homoptera,Auchenorhyncha).Generalcatalogueof
theHomoptera8:i-iv+1-229.-NorthCarolinaState
For the loan of material the author is indebted College,Raleigh,N.C.
to the followingpersons: DrP. Arnaud andDrN. Metcalf,Z.P, 1963. Cicadoidea. Generalcatalogueofthe
D. Penny, San Francisco, USA; Dr H. Gaedike, Homoptera8 (1)Cicadidae: i-vii+ 1-585 +586-919.
Eberswalde, Germany; Dr W. Knight, Dr G. S. -NorthCarolinaStateCollege,Raleigh,N.C.
Robinson and Mr M. D. Webb, London, United Moulton,J.C, 1923-CicadasofMalaysia.-Journalofthe
JK.ivnagndoTmol;,DLreiJ.deHn.,MTühlleerN,eJtehnear,laGnedrsm.anTyh,anaknsdaMrre 5F.ederatedMalayStatesMuseum 11: 69-182 +pis. 1-
extended to Mr D. A. Langerak for preparing the
figures, to Mr L. A. van der Laan for making the
photographs, and to Mr G. Verlaan for technical Received: 21 October 1991
assistance. Accepted: 24October 1991
182
