Review of the Federal Strategy for Nanotechnology-Related Environmental, Health, and Safety Research

48 Pages·2009·0.342 MB·English

by  Council, N.R.;Sciences, D.E.P.;Board, N.M.A.;Studies, D.E.L.;Toxicology, B.E.S.;Committee for Review of the Federal Strategy to Address Environmental, H.S.R.N.E.N.M.

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ge bry ins Summary of the Workshop
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m terr The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished
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ps The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy
original ed, and othfe S sceileenccteiosn, aosf a i tpsa mraelmlelb oerrgs,a snhizaaritniogn w oift ho uthtset aNnadtiinogn aeln Agicnaedeersm. yIt oisf Sauctioennocemso tuhse irne siptso andsmibiinliitsyt rfaotrio and vanisdi nign
he ain the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at
m tret meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of
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ed frat bnnot engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
ea The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the
es crer, c services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to
L filwev the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of
XMho Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative,
m g, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute
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the original work has bation of and other typesettiding styles,itative version for attributiauthor StIowhnfcwe sitt ehwsintecu.c inNteeeansa t ottiaiioffno inMdcna aatellh-nd aeRdi cc eNeaisnndaeegteai.imr onDcnehiraee. l Csr BA.ioonrcruguagn ccdceoei Almm. lmyb euornft siEt ainengsd.i nTDeher.er Wi Cngmo ui.nn A cp.ir lWo ivsu iadlfdi nmagrie ns ceishrtvaeiircremeds a jtnoo i anthntledy g vboiycv eeb rconhtmha iAernmcta,a dnthe, emr episeupsbe lacintcid,v aetnlhyde,
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ge bry ins NATIONAL MATERIALS ADVISORY BOARD
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ginay JOHN A.S.GREEN, The Aluminum Association, Washington, D.C.
m the orierrors m TAHLOLAMNA JS. JHAACROTBWSOICNK, ,U TnRivWer s(irteyt ioref dH),o Sunstoohno, mHioshu,s tWona,s Theinxgatson
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ooyp SHEILA F.KIA, General Motors Research and Development, Warren, Michigan
er bme t HARRY A.LIPSITT, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
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he original ained, and RJHUOELNBIRAERY PT HR CIAL.CPLFKIPA, SHC, lLSe,ma Mnsdooinato NUroanltiaivo, enSracslih tLayu,a mCbolbereamrtgos,or iInel,ls i,Sn Aoouilsbthu qCuaerroqluinea, New Mexico
m tret KENNETH L.REIFSNIDER, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
oe T.S.SUDARSHAN, Modification, Inc., Fairfax, Virginia
ed frat bnnot JULIA WEERTMAN, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
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original typmay have NatioTnhael MWaoterkrisahlso pA dovni sSortryu cBtouarardl N(NaMnoAmBat)e orifa ltsh,e pNlaantinoenda la Rnde seoarrgcahn iCzeodu nbcyil (thNeR Cm)e, mwbaesr sc oannddu cstteadf fu nodf etrh ae
he ors contract with the U.S. Army’s National Ground Intelligence Center (NGIC). NGIC sponsored the workshop to
m terr help its Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies Working Group, under the auspices of the
k, not froographic pnSaocniienontm”t iafaitrcee raaiasn ldsth . TaNte GcahrIenC i dciaenlet emInnedtdesl lctiorgi etuincscaeel tChtoeo tmihnemp usittct iegeean,i tniifdeiedcn , fttriefoycmh t nhtohel iosk gewiyco aerlnk, asahbnoldipn gcao stm eacm hgneuroicdlioeag l aieansdd,v jaruennfcecertmeunreecnset, ioannf dds rt“arucfthcitonukgre aa-l
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ps Appendix A lists the workshop participants and the agenda. The objectives of this workshop were as follows:
original ed, and (cid:127) Develop a consistent definition of the terms used in the field, to include nanoscale, nanotechnology,
he ain nanoscience, nanophase, nanoparticle, nanotube, nanolayer, nanomaterial, nanostructure, and
m tret nanostructural material.
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ed frat bnnot (cid:127) aIdreeanst:ify the scientific and technological challenges and the commercial opportunities in the following
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XMho (cid:127) Characterization of nanomaterials, and
m g, (cid:127) Potential structural applications of nanomaterials.
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eakerte Maurice Gell, University of Connecticut
ge bry ins Terence Langdon, University of Southern California
Paall Evan Ma, Johns Hopkins University
s. ent Sara Majetich, Carnegie Mellon University
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al typhave Joseph W.Piche, Eikos Inc.
ginay James Rawers, Albany Research Center, Department of Energy
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he ors Stephen Ridder, National Institute of Standards and Technology
m terr Ganesh Skandan, Nanopowder Enterprises
k, not froographic TK.lSa.uSsu Tdoarmshaannts,c Mhgaeter,r iIanltse gMraond iTfieccahtinoonl oIngcie.s
op Julia Weertman, Northwestern University
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paso Danny Xiao, Inframat Corporation
original ed, and JNacMkiAe YBi ntgh,a Mnkasss atchheu sseetstss iIonnst itcuhtea iorfs :T eJcuhlinao loWgyeertman, Northwestern University; T.S. Sudarshan, Materials
he ain Modification Inc.; Delcie Durham, National Science Foundation; Robert Dowding, Army Research Laboratory;
m tret Lawrence Kabacoff, Office of Naval Research, and Thomas Gates, NASA-Langley Research Center. It is
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es creer, ca technTichails esxupmermtiasery, inh aasc cboeredna nrceev iwewitehd p rino cderdaufrte sfo arpmp rboyv eidn dbiyv itdhuea Nlsa tcihoonsael nR feosre atrhcehi rC doiuvnecrsile’ sp (eNrsRpCec’tsi)v Rese paonrdt
L filwev Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will
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k, not froographic SESSION 2: FABRICATION AND PRODUCTION 9
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original ed, and SESSION 5: MODELING AND SIMULATION 25
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ea A WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS AND AGENDA 33
es crer, c B LIST OF ATTENDEES 39
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original typmay have of heJru lciao -Wcheaeirr,t mTa.Sn .Sofu dNaorsrhthawn eostfe rMn aUtenriivaelsr siMtyo odpifeincaetdi otnh eI nwco.,r kNshaotipo nbayl wMealcteormiailns gA thdev ipsoarrtyi cBipoaanrtds o(Nn MbeAhaBlf)
he ors project director Julius Chang, and the NMAB staff. Before describing the goals and hoped-for outcomes of the
m terr workshop, she briefly went through the many materials-related terms that involve the prefix “nano.” Most of
k, not froographic nothnaenes oetf ee“canhtaunnrooel- oX(gX”y ) t aehsrm ausss e—ad eil.negn t.g,h tenh ap nrsoecssacelanel te lc,e onsnsa tnetoxhpta hnrea fs~ee1r,s 0n t0ao n ntohmlea .yp erNro,ad nnuaocnstiocoimnen aactneedr i aiusls , etn hoaenf otshscetir eunncactnueo r-eoX—fs .itnhdei cnaaten oth-Xats ,a tw lehailset
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original ed, and (cid:127)(cid:127) CExhaamrapctleersi zoaf tsiotrnu cotfu nraaln noamnaotmeraiatelsri;als currently in use;
he ain (cid:127) Potential applications of nanomaterials;
m tret (cid:127) Gaps in understanding of synthesis, assembly, chemical, and physical characterization and the need for
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es crer, c The workshop then moved on to the first session, on synthesis, assembly, and processing.
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us INTRODUCTION 2
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