Reunifying Cyprus: The Annan Plan and Beyond (Library of Modern Middle East Studies)

297 Pages·2009·4.08 MB·English

by  Andrekos Varnava

00_i-xii_prelim pages:001-012_prelim pages 11-11-08 18:13 Page i
ANDREKOSVARNAVA
AndrekosVarnavaisAssistantProfessorinHistoryattheEuropeanUniversity,Cyprus.
He was born and raised in Melbourne and completed his PhD in the Department of
HistoryattheUniversityofMelbourne.HisareasofexpertiseareCyprusandtheEastern
MediterraneanandBritishhistory,especiallythehistoryoftheBritishEmpire.Hisaca-
demicresearchfocusesonissuesrangingfromimperialism,strategyandwarfaretoques-
tions about cultural history, oral history, minority studies and identity formation.
AndrekosVarnava’sarticleshavebeenpublishedinawiderangeofpublications,includ-
ing Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, The Cyprus Review the Annual of the Cyprus
Research Centre and in the book Britain in Cyprus: Colonialism and Post-Colonialism
1878–2006. He is the author British Imperialism in Cyprus, 1878–1915: The
InconsequentialPossessionandheisalsoco-editorofTheMinoritiesofCyprus:Development
PatternsandtheIdentityoftheInternal-Exclusion.
HUBERTFAUSTMANN
Hubert Faustmann is Associate Professor in International Relations at the University of
Nicosia, Cyprus. He is the editor of the academic journal The Cyprus Review and presi-
dentoftheCyprusAcademicForum(CAF).Hehaspublishedextensivelyonthehistory
and politics of modern Cyprus. Among his recent publications are ‘History in the
Making? A New Drive for a Solution of the Cyprus Problem’ in Mediterranean Politics
and‘ThePoliticalCultureoftheRepublicofCyprus’inTheGovernmentandPoliticsof
Cyprus.Heisalsotheeditor(withNicosPeristianis)ofBritaininCyprus:Colonialismand
Post-Colonialism 1878–2006 and (with James Ker-Lindsay) of The Government and
PoliticsoftheRepublicofCyprus.
LIBRARY OF MODERN MIDDLE EAST STUDIES
See www.ibtauris.com/LMMES for a full list of titles
62. Identity Politics in the Middle East: 73. The Arab–Israeli Conflict in the Media:
Liberal Thought and Islamic Challenge in Egypt Producing Shared Memory and National Identity
Meir Hatina in the Global Television Era
978 1 84511 135 9 Tamar Ashuri
63. The New Voices of Islam: 978 1 84511 814 3
Reforming Politics and Modernity – A Reader 74. Desert Voices:
Mehran Kamrava (ed.) Bedouin Women’s Poetry in Saudi Arabia
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64. The Political Ideology of Hamas:
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978 1 84511 059 8 Mustafa Bilgin
978 1 84511 350 6
65. Reinventing Jerusalem: Israel’s
76. Satellite Realms: Transnational Television,
Reconstruction of the Jewish Quarter after 1967
Globalization and the Middle East
Simone Ricca
978 1 84511 387 2 Naomi Sakr
978 1 86064 688 1
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Society and the State in Turkey and Iran
John Fox and Nada Mourtada Sabbah
Touraj Atabaki (ed.)
(eds)
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Ella Shohat
978 1 85043 854 0
978 1 84511 312 4
68. Arab Media and Political Renewal:
79. Occidentalism in Turkey:
Community, Legitimacy and Public Life
Questions of Modernity and National
Naomi Sakr (ed.)
Identity in Turkish Radio Broadcasting
978 1 84511 433 6
Meltem Ahiska
69. Imagining the Arab Other: 978 1 84511 653 8
How Arabs and Non-Arabs View
80. Narrating Islam: Interpretations of the
Each Other
Muslim World in European Texts
Tahar Labib
Gerdien Jonker and Shiraz Thobani
978 1 84511 384 1
(eds)
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The Hidden Politics of the Palestinian–Israeli 81. The Muslim Brotherhood and Egypt’s
Water Conflict Succession Crisis: The Politics of Liberalisation
Mark Zeitoun and Reform in the Middle East
978 1 84511 464 0 Mohammed Zahid
71. The Zaza Kurds of Turkey: A Middle 978 1 84511 979 9
Eastern Minority in a Globalised Society 82. Palestine in Israeli School Books:
Mehmed S. Kaya Ideology and Propaganda in Education
978 1 84511 875 4 Nurit Peled-Elhanan
72. Muslims in Modern Turkey: 978 1 84511 813 6
Kemalism, Modernism and the Revolt 83. The Emergence of Modern Istanbul:
of the Islamic Intellectuals Transformation and Modernisation of a City
Sena Karasipahi Murat Gül
978 1 84511 783 2 978 1 84511 935 5
00_i-xii_prelim pages:001-012_prelim pages 11-11-08 18:13 Page iii
Reunifying Cyprus
The Annan Plan and Beyond
Edited by
Andrekos Varnava
and
Hubert Faustmann
00_i-xii_prelim pages:001-012_prelim pages 11-11-08 18:13 Page iv
Publishedin2009byI.B.Tauris&CoLtd
6SalemRoad,LondonW24BU
175FifthAvenue,NewYorkNY10010
www.ibtauris.com
IntheUnitedStatesofAmericaandCanadadistributed
byPalgraveMacmillan,adivisionofSt.Martin’sPress,
175FifthAvenue,NewYorkNY10010
Copyrightselectionandeditorialmatter©2009
AndrekosVarnava&HubertFaustmann
Copyrightindividualchapters©2009TozunBahcheli,CostaCarras,
AchillesC.Emilianides,HubertFaustmann,ErolKaymak,JamesKer-
Lindsay,KlearchosA.Kyriakides,NeophytosG.Loizides,AlexandrosLordos,
DinosLordos,SidNoel,StavroulaPhilippou,ZenonPophaides,TimPotier,
RobertI.Rotberg,PanicosStavrinides,YiouliTaki,NicosTrimikliniotis,
AndrekosVarnava,ChristallaYakinthou
TherightofAndrekosVarnava&HubertFaustmanntobeidentifiedasthe
editorsofthisworkhasbeenassertedbytheeditorsinaccordancewiththe
Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988.
Allrightsreserved.Exceptforbriefquotationsinareview,thisbook,orany
partthereof,maynotbereproduced,storedinorintroducedintoaretrieval
system,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,
photocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenpermission
ofthepublisher.
InternationalLibraryofPoliticalStudies:28
ISBN:9781845116576
AfullCIPrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
AfullCIPrecordisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress
LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:available
PrintedandboundinIndiabyThomsonPressIndiaLtd
fromcamera-readycopyedited,designedandsuppliedbytheeditors
00_i-xii_prelim pages:001-012_prelim pages 11-11-08 18:13 Page v
IdedicatethisbooktoallthosewhobelieveinareunifiedCyprus,whichembracesplu-
ralismandmeritocracyandisfreeofethnicnationalism,inter-communalconflictand
prejudice.
AndrekosVarnava
MeinenEltern
HubertFaustmann
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Contents
Contributors ix
Introduction 1
PartI TheHistory
Chapter1 AHistoryofCyprusPeaceProposals 11
JamesKer-Lindsay
PartII ThePlan
Chapter2 ConsociationalDemocracyandCyprus:TheHousethatAnnanBuilt? 25
ChristallaYakinthou
Chapter3 AComparativeAnalysisoftheFiveVersionsoftheAnnanPlan 40
TimPotier
Chapter4 TheInternationalRelationsAspectoftheAnnanPlan 55
CostaCarras
Chapter5 Contra:ThePoliticalWorkabilityoftheAnnanPlan 68
KlearchosA.Kyriakides
Chapter6 Pro:AnAppraisaloftheFunctionalityofAnnanPlanV 82
NeophytosG.Loizides
Chapter7 Contra:ConstitutionalStructureoftheAnnanPlan 95
AchillesC.Emilianides
Chapter8 Pro:RethinkingtheUn-viabilityoftheConstitutionalArrangement 107
NicosTrimikliniotis
Chapter9 Contra:TheEconomicAspectsofAnnanV– 122
RecipeforGrowthorDestabilisation?
DinosLordos
Chapter10 Pro:EconomicViabilityofAnnanPlanV 133
ZenonPophaides
Chapter11 TheTurkishCypriotViewsonAnnanV 145
ErolKaymak
PartIII TheReferendums
Chapter12 FromSecretDiplomacytoPublicDiplomacy: 163
HowtheAnnanPlanReferendumFailureEarned
theCypriotPublicaSeatattheNegotiatingTable
AlexandrosLordos
Chapter13 ThePlan,PublicDiscourseandtheRole 180
oftheMassMediainGettingto‘No’
YiouliTaki
Chapter14 ConstructionsofSolution(s)totheCyprusProblem: 194
ExploringFormalCurriculainGreekCypriotStateSchools
StavroulaPhilippou&AndrekosVarnava
Chapter15 APsychologicalAnalysisoftheGreekCypriot‘No’ 213
PanicosStavrinides
Chapter16 TheRoleofSecurity:PerceptionsofAdvantageandDisadvantage 224
HubertFaustmann
Chapter17 TheRiseoftheAKPartyandAnkara’sChangingRole: 236
PavingtheWayforthe‘Yes’
TozunBahcheli&SidNoel
PartIV TheAftermath
Chapter18 ReunifyingCyprus:EssentialChallenges
RobertI.Rotberg 251
SelectedBibliography 265
Index 273
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00_i-xii_prelim pages:001-012_prelim pages 11-11-08 18:13 Page ix
Contributors
Contributors(inalphabeticalorderofsurname)
TOZUNBAHCHELI
Tozun Bahcheli is a Professor of political science at King’s University College at the
UniversityofWesternOntario,London,Canada.HehaswrittenwidelyonTurkishfor-
eignpolicyissues,Greek-TurkishrelationsandCypriotpolitics.During1995and1996,
hewasseniorfellowattheUnitedStatesInstituteofPeaceinWashington,D.C.Heisthe
authorofGreek-TurkishRelationsSince1955(WestviewPress,1990)andco-editorofDe
FactoStates:TheQuestforSovereignty(Routledge,2004).
COSTACARRAS
CostaCarrashasfollowedtheCyprusproblemsincehewasaschoolboyinBritaininthe
1950s. He founded the London-based organisation ‘Friends of Cyprus’ in 1974 and has
written articles for most of the issues of its Report ever since. Since 1999, now based in
Athens,hehasbeenGreekcoordinatorofthe‘GreekTurkishForum’,inwhichcapacity
he gave a talk at Tufts University in March 2002 predicting the likely outcome of the
AnnanPlananditsquitepossiblerejectionbytheGreekCypriots.
ACHILLESC.EMILIANIDES
Achilles C. Emilianides is an advocate and a partner of the firm Achilles & Emile C.
Emilianides.HeholdsaPhDinLawandanLLMinHistory,PhilosophyandSociology
ofLawfromtheAristotelionUniversityofThessalonikiandanLLMinEuropeanLawand
Integration from Leicester University. He is the editor of the ‘Cyprus and European Law
Review’,co-editorofthe‘CyprusYearbookofInternationalRelations’, theDirectorofthe
‘Cyprus Institute of State and Church Relations’, the Vice – President of ‘Citizenship
Association’, the Secretary - General of ‘Human Rights Cyprus’ and a member of the
Board of the ‘Cyprus Institute of Mediterranean, European and International Research’.
Majorrecentpublicationsinclude:ParliamentaryHistoryofCyprus1964–1976(2007in
Greek), Beyond the Cyprus Constitution (2006 in Greek) and Bibliography of Cyprus Law
(2005).
EROLKAYMAK
Erol Kaymak is Chair of the Department of International Relations at Eastern
MediterraneanUniversity,inFamagusta,Cyprus.HehaspublishedontheCyprusprob-
lemandotherissuesofproblematicpoliticalintegrationinjournalsincludingNationalism
andEthnicPoliticsandMediterraneanPolitics.HeauthoredthenorthernCyprussectionof
theCIVICUSCivilSocietyIndexreportforCyprusthatprovidesacomprehensiveanaly-
sisofcivilsociety’sstructure,environment,valuesandimpact.ErolKaymakparticipated
at the technical level negotiations of the ‘Annan Plan’ for a comprehensive settlement to
the Cyprus problem. He is a founding member of the Cyprus Academic Forum (CAF),
whichisactivelyworkingtoenhancedialogueamongacademicsonbothsidesofCyprus.
He also serves on the executive board of the Political Science Association (of northern
Cyprus).
JAMESKER-LINDSAY
James Ker-Lindsay is IAA Senior Research Fellow at the Hellenic Observatory, London
SchoolofEconomics(2008-2009)andaSeniorFellowatKingstonUniversity,London.
Afrequentcommentatoronregionalaffairs,hehasalsocoveredGreekandCypriotpoli-
ticsfortheEconomistIntelligenceUnit.Hehasalsowrittenandeditedanumberofsig-