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Rethinking the Wild Coast, South Africa. Eco-frontiers vs livelihoods in Pondoland Sylvain Guyot, Julien Dellier To cite this version: Sylvain Guyot, Julien Dellier. Rethinking the Wild Coast, South Africa. Eco-frontiers vs livelihoods in Pondoland. VDM VERLAG, pp.236, 2009. hal-00420064 HAL Id: hal-00420064 https://hal.science/hal-00420064 Submitted on 29 Sep 2009 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Rethinking the Wild Coast, South Africa Eco-frontiers vs livelihoods in Pondoland Sylvain Guyot Julien Dellier (Eds.) 5 (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) This(cid:2)book(cid:2)is(cid:2)dedicated(cid:2)to(cid:2)Chloé(cid:2)and(cid:2)Héloïse(cid:2) 7 Contents(cid:2) (cid:2) Contents...............................................................................................................7(cid:2) Foreword............................................................................................................11(cid:2) Acknowledgements ............................................................................................15(cid:2) Authors...............................................................................................................17(cid:2) Chapter(cid:2)1:(cid:2)General(cid:2)Introduction .........................................................................23 1.(cid:2)Background(cid:2)to(cid:2)the(cid:2)book....................................................................................23 2.(cid:2)A(cid:2)book(cid:2)to(cid:2)clarify(cid:2)current(cid:2)territorial(cid:2)dynamics(cid:2)in(cid:2)Pondoland.............................27 3.(cid:2)Presentation(cid:2)of(cid:2)the(cid:2)different(cid:2)chapters.............................................................29(cid:2) Chapter(cid:2)2:(cid:2)The(cid:2)Wild(cid:2)Coast:(cid:2)the(cid:2)Contested(cid:2)Territory............................................33 1.(cid:2)Introduction(cid:2)to(cid:2)Eco(cid:3)frontiers(cid:2)and(cid:2)spatial(cid:2)process.............................................33 2.(cid:2)Introduction(cid:2)to(cid:2)the(cid:2)Wild(cid:2)Coast(cid:2)of(cid:2)the(cid:2)Eastern(cid:2)Cape,(cid:2)South(cid:2)Africa....................35 3.(cid:2)TRALSO’s(cid:2)involvement(cid:2)in(cid:2)the(cid:2)Wild(cid:2)Coast..........................................................37 4.(cid:2)The(cid:2)nature(cid:2)of(cid:2)conflicts(cid:2)in(cid:2)the(cid:2)Wild(cid:2)Coast:(cid:2)What(cid:2)are(cid:2)the(cid:2)issues? ......................39 5.(cid:2)Control(cid:2)and(cid:2)Management(cid:2)of(cid:2)Resources ...........................................................43 6.(cid:2)Conclusion.........................................................................................................53 References............................................................................................................56(cid:2) Chapter(cid:2)3:(cid:2)The(cid:2)Fight(cid:2)for(cid:2)Land(cid:2)Rights(cid:2)Versus(cid:2)Outsider’s(cid:2)‘Appetites’:(cid:2)Wild(cid:2)Coast(cid:2)Eco(cid:3) Frontier(cid:2)Dynamics...............................................................................................59 1.(cid:2)Introduction......................................................................................................59 2.(cid:2)National(cid:2)policies(cid:2)of(cid:2)land(cid:2)conflicts(cid:2)resolution....................................................63 3.(cid:2)The(cid:2)Wild(cid:2)Coast,(cid:2)a(cid:2)dynamic(cid:2)eco(cid:3)frontier(cid:2)marked(cid:2)by(cid:2)competition(cid:2)and(cid:2)conflicts 65 4.(cid:2)Four(cid:2)“variations”(cid:2)on(cid:2)eco(cid:3)frontiers(cid:2)and(cid:2)land(cid:2)conflicts.......................................71 5.Perspectives.......................................................................................................95 References............................................................................................................97(cid:2) 8(cid:2) Chapter(cid:2)4:(cid:2)Ambiguous(cid:2)Spaces:(cid:2)Natural(cid:2)Resource(cid:2)Management(cid:2)Buffer(cid:2)Zones(cid:2)and(cid:2) Rural(cid:2)Livelihoods(cid:2)in(cid:2)Pondoland,(cid:2)South(cid:2)Africa....................................................101 1.(cid:2)Introduction....................................................................................................101 2.(cid:2)Pondoland(cid:2)Case...............................................................................................104 3.(cid:2)Conclusion.......................................................................................................113 References..........................................................................................................114(cid:2) Chapter(cid:2)5:(cid:2)Subsistence(cid:2)Fishing(cid:2)among(cid:2)Indigenous(cid:2)People(cid:2)in(cid:2)the(cid:2)Eastern(cid:2)Cape’s(cid:2) ‘Wild(cid:2)Coast’(cid:2)in(cid:2)South(cid:2)Africa:(cid:2)The(cid:2)Case(cid:2)of(cid:2)Scambeni(cid:2)and(cid:2)Caguba(cid:2)Villages...........117 1.(cid:2)Introduction....................................................................................................117 2.(cid:2)Study(cid:2)Area.......................................................................................................118 3.(cid:2)The(cid:2)International(cid:2)Experience..........................................................................120 4.(cid:2)The(cid:2)South(cid:2)African(cid:2)Experience.........................................................................121 5.(cid:2)Subsistence(cid:2)in(cid:2)Caguba(cid:2)and(cid:2)Scambeni(cid:2)Villages................................................122 6.(cid:2)Conclusion.......................................................................................................126 References..........................................................................................................126(cid:2) Chapter(cid:2) 6:(cid:2) Questioning(cid:2) Homogenous(cid:2) Degradation(cid:2) Narratives(cid:2) in(cid:2) Transkei:(cid:2) Livelihoods(cid:2)and(cid:2)Natural(cid:2)Resource(cid:2)Use(cid:2)in(cid:2)two(cid:2)Pondoland(cid:2)Villages.....................129 1.(cid:2)Introduction....................................................................................................129 2.(cid:2)The(cid:2)African(cid:2)degradation(cid:2)narrative..................................................................131 3.(cid:2)The(cid:2)degradation(cid:2)narrative(cid:2)in(cid:2)Transkei............................................................135 4.(cid:2)Study(cid:2)area:(cid:2)description(cid:2)of(cid:2)the(cid:2)villages(cid:2)and(cid:2)livelihood(cid:2)activities.....................138 5.(cid:2)Research(cid:2)methodology...................................................................................140 6.(cid:2)Calculating(cid:2)the(cid:2)relative(cid:2)value(cid:2)of(cid:2)livelihoods ...................................................141 7.(cid:2)Critical(cid:2)Views(cid:2)of(cid:2)Transkeian(cid:2)Narratives...........................................................152 References..........................................................................................................155(cid:2) Chapter(cid:2) 7:(cid:2) Transhumance(cid:2) and(cid:2) Ticks(cid:2) in(cid:2) Pondoland:(cid:2) a(cid:2) Crisis(cid:2) in(cid:2) Livestock(cid:2) Management(cid:2)on(cid:2)the(cid:2)“Wild(cid:2)Coast” ....................................................................163 1.(cid:2)Introduction....................................................................................................163 2.(cid:2)Background(cid:2)on(cid:2)Mbotyi,(cid:2)research(cid:2)and(cid:2)livestock(cid:2)in(cid:2)the(cid:2)area............................166 3.(cid:2)Keeping(cid:2)animals(cid:2)healthy(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:2)transhumance(cid:2)and(cid:2)grazing...................................169 4.(cid:2)Ticks(cid:2)and(cid:2)Dipping............................................................................................176 5.(cid:2)The(cid:2)Impact(cid:2)of(cid:2)Ticks(cid:2)and(cid:2)Perceptions(cid:2)of(cid:2)Tick(cid:3)borne(cid:2)Diseases..........................183 9 6.(cid:2)Some(cid:2)concluding(cid:2)comments...........................................................................187 References..........................................................................................................188(cid:2) Chapter(cid:2) 8:(cid:2) The(cid:2) Mismatch(cid:2) between(cid:2) Smallholder(cid:2) Realities(cid:2) and(cid:2) Agricultural(cid:2) Development(cid:2)Interventions:(cid:2)from(cid:2)‘Betterment’(cid:2)to(cid:2)the(cid:2)Massive(cid:2)Food(cid:2)Production(cid:2) Programme.......................................................................................................191 1.(cid:2)Introduction....................................................................................................191 2.(cid:2)(Neo(cid:3))colonial(cid:2)representations(cid:2)of(cid:2)Africans,(cid:2)land(cid:2)and(cid:2)development...............193 3.(cid:2)Previous(cid:2)agricultural(cid:2)development(cid:2)programmes(cid:2)in(cid:2)the(cid:2)former(cid:2)homelands...195 4.(cid:2)The(cid:2)Massive(cid:2)Food(cid:2)Production(cid:2)Programme,(cid:2)MFPP..........................................198 5.(cid:2)Local(cid:2)livelihoods(cid:2)and(cid:2)the(cid:2)role(cid:2)of(cid:2)agriculture(cid:2)in(cid:2)the(cid:2)former(cid:2)homelands..........200 6.(cid:2)Description(cid:2)of(cid:2)the(cid:2)study(cid:2)area..........................................................................202 7.(cid:2)Data(cid:2)collection(cid:2)and(cid:2)analysis............................................................................203 8.(cid:2)Local(cid:2)livelihoods(cid:2)and(cid:2)agricultural(cid:2)engagement(cid:2)in(cid:2)Xopozo..............................205 9.(cid:2)Xopozo’s(cid:2)engagement(cid:2)in(cid:2)the(cid:2)MFPP ................................................................210 10.(cid:2)Views(cid:2)of(cid:2)smallholder(cid:2)agriculture(cid:2)in(cid:2)the(cid:2)MFPP..............................................214 11.(cid:2)Discussion(cid:2)and(cid:2)conclusions:(cid:2)Stereotypical(cid:2)views(cid:2)of(cid:2)smallholders(cid:2)are(cid:2)still(cid:2) shaping(cid:2)agricultural(cid:2)development......................................................................217 Recorded(cid:2)interviews...........................................................................................221 References..........................................................................................................221(cid:2) Places(cid:2)of(cid:2)Reference...........................................................................................229(cid:2) List(cid:2)of(cid:2)Figures....................................................................................................231(cid:2) List(cid:2)of(cid:2)Tables.....................................................................................................233 (cid:2)

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population : figures shows that population of Pondoland is growing rapidly. Local people . PhD student in Rural Development and Agroecology at the. Swedish decadent Bantustan ruling elite. The principal .. animals, growing marijuana and marine resources such as crayfish, mussels etc. The.

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