Responsive polymer surfaces : dynamics in surface topography

264 Pages·2017·20.44 MB·English

by  Broer

ResponsivePolymerSurfaces
Responsive Polymer Surfaces
DynamicsinSurfaceTopography
EditedbyDanqingLiuandDirkJ.Broer
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PrintISBN: 978-3-527-33869-6
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v
Contents
ListofContributors xi
Preface xv
1 Light-responsiveSurface:PhotodeformableCross-linked
Liquid-CrystallinePolymersBasedonPhotochemicalPhase
Transition 1
LangQinandYanleiYu
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 PhotochemicalPhaseTransition 2
1.3 Photodeformation 3
1.3.1 PhotoinducedContractionandExpansion 3
1.3.2 PhotoinducedBendingMovements 4
1.3.3 PhotoinducedTwistingMovements 10
1.4 EffectFactorsofPhotodeformation 13
1.5 DeformationInducedbyVisibleandNIRLight 18
1.6 SoftActuatorsBasedonCLCPs 22
1.6.1 Macro-scaledActuators 22
1.6.2 Micro-scaledActuators 23
1.7 Summary 28
References 30
2 InkjetPrintedLiquidCrystalCilia 35
CasperL.vanOosten,CeesW.M.Bastiaansen,andDirkJ.Broer
2.1 Introduction 35
2.2 ThermalActuationBasedonAnisotropicThermalExpansion 37
2.3 LightStimulatedDeformation 41
2.4 InkjetPrintingActuators:TowardPolymerCilia 44
2.5 Conclusion 53
Acknowledgment 53
References 53
vi Contents
3 LiquidCrystalCoatingsSwitchedbetweenFlatandCorrugated
SurfaceTexture 57
DanqingLiuandDirkJ.Broer
3.1 Introduction 57
3.2 LiquidCrystalNetworks 58
3.3 Thermal-Responsiveness 60
3.4 Photo-ResponsiveLiquidCrystalNetworks 61
3.5 Photo-InducedSurfaceDeformation 62
3.6 Photo-InducedSurfaceDeformationPresetbyPatternedDirector
Orientation 66
3.7 MechanismofSurfaceDeformation 73
3.8 Conclusions 79
References 79
4 ComputationalModelingofLight-triggeredTopography
ChangesofAzobenzene-modifiedLiquidCrystalPolymer
Coatings 85
LingLiuandPatrickR.Onck
4.1 Introduction 85
4.2 Photo-mechanicalModel 88
4.2.1 LightPenetrationModel 88
4.2.2 ConstitutiveEquations 90
4.3 ResultsandDiscussion 92
4.3.1 LightPenetration 93
4.3.2 PolydomainCoatings 94
4.3.3 LinearlyPatternedCoatings 99
4.3.3.1 EffectoftheIn-planeDimensions 101
4.3.3.2 EffectofCholestericPitchLength 102
4.3.3.3 EffectofTransitionArea 104
4.3.4 FingerprintCoatings 105
4.3.5 ComparisonandDiscussion 110
4.4 ConclusionsandOutlook 113
Acknowledgment 114
References 114
5 DynamicTribologyinLiquidCrystalCoatings 123
DanqingLiuandDirkJ.Broer
5.1 Introduction 123
5.2 DynamicFrictionAnalysis 124
5.2.1 CoatingwithaFingerprintTexture 125
5.2.2 CoatingswithaPolydomainTexture 126
5.2.3 LinearProtrusions 128
5.3 StaticFrictionCoefficients 132
5.4 Conclusions 133
References 134
Contents vii
6 ActuatingHydrogelThinFilms 137
LeonidIonov
6.1 Introduction 137
6.2 HydrogelBilayer 138
6.3 PatternedHydrogelFilm 141
6.4 BendingofComplexStructures 142
6.5 IntrinsicAnisotropy 143
6.6 ApplicationsofHydrogelActuators 145
6.6.1 Sensors 145
6.6.2 SmartLenses 145
6.6.3 ImagingDevices 146
6.6.4 SwitchableColoration 146
6.6.5 ElementsofMicrofluidicDevices 147
6.6.6 WalkersandSwimmers 148
6.6.7 3DMicrofabrication 150
6.6.8 Biomaterials 151
6.6.9 Stimuli-responsiveSurfaces 151
6.7 ConclusionsandOutlook 152
References 152
7 PhotoresponsivePolymerHydrogelCoatingsthatChange
Topography 159
JelleE.Stumpel,JeroenterSchiphorst,andAlbertusP.H.J.Schenning
7.1 Introduction 159
7.2 PhotoresponsivePolymerHydrogelCoatings 160
7.2.1 LightInducedHeating 161
7.2.2 PhotochromicDyes 161
7.3 PhotoresponsiveMixingandFlowControlinMicrofluidic
Devices 163
7.4 PhotoresponsiveWettability 167
7.5 PhotoresponsiveCellAdhesion 167
7.6 ConclusionsandPerspectives 169
References 170
8 ElectricallyResponsiveFluoropolymerSurfacesand
Devices 175
HaoWuandRobertA.Hayes
8.1 ElectricallyResponsiveSurfaces 175
8.1.1 TheEffectofGravityonElectrowettingSystems 177
8.1.2 IdealandNon-idealElectrowettingBehavior 178
8.2 ElectrowettingMaterials 179
8.2.1 InorganicInsulators 181
8.2.2 ElectrowettingwithOil 182
8.2.3 ProcessingonTopoftheFluoropolymer 183
8.3 HistoricalDevelopmentandDevices 186
8.4 ElectrofluidicArrays 187
viii Contents
8.5 Industrialization 188
8.6 ChallengesandConclusions 189
References 191
9 FunctionalPolymerSurfacesviaPost-polymerization
Modification 193
WenwenXue,Xiao-LeiGong,andPatrickTheato
9.1 Introduction 193
9.2 PolymerBrushes 193
9.2.1 ActivatedEster-amine 195
9.2.2 Thiol-basedReactions 199
9.2.3 Azide–AlkyneCycloadditions 201
9.3 ReactivePolymerLayers 203
9.3.1 OverviewofCoatings 203
9.3.2 Physisorption 203
9.3.3 Layer-by-LayerSelf-Assembly 204
9.3.4 LbLAssemblyBasedonCovalent-bonding 205
9.3.5 ElectrochemicalPolymerization 206
9.3.6 Self-PolymerizationofDopamine(PDOPA) 207
9.3.7 Au–Sbond 208
9.3.8 PlasmaTreatment 209
9.3.9 OtherMethods 210
9.4 ConcludingRemarks 211
References 211
10 HapticPerceptionofMaterialProperties 225
AstridM.L.KappersandWouterM.BergmannTiest
10.1 Introduction 225
10.2 ExperimentalMethods 225
10.2.1 Discrimination 226
10.2.2 SearchParadigm 226
10.2.3 Matching 227
10.2.4 OrderingandSorting 227
10.3 Roughness 228
10.3.1 SortingExperiment 228
10.3.2 OrderingExperiment 229
10.3.3 Two-dimensionalSearch 231
10.3.4 Three-dimensionalSearch 232
10.3.5 HandMovements 233
10.3.6 DiscriminationandIdentification 234
10.3.7 Discussion 235
10.4 Compliance 236
10.4.1 FreeSorting 237
10.4.2 Discrimination 237
10.4.3 Matching 239
10.4.4 Two-andThree-dimensionalSearch 239
10.4.5 HandMovements 241
Contents ix
10.4.6 Discussion 241
10.5 Temperature 242
10.5.1 DiscriminationofHeatFlow 242
10.5.2 DiscriminationofThermalDiffusivity 243
10.5.3 Three-dimensionalSearch 244
10.5.4 HandMovements 245
10.5.5 Discussion 246
References 247
Index 251
xi
ListofContributors
CeesW.M.Bastiaansen and
EindhovenUniversityofTechnology
EindhovenUniversityofTechnology
DepartmentofChemistryand
InstituteforComplexMolecular
ChemicalEngineering
Systems(ICMS)
DeRondom70
DenDolech2
5612APEindhoven
5612AZEindhoven
TheNetherlands
TheNetherlands
QueenMaryUniversityofLondon Xiao-LeiGong
MaterialsResearchInstitute StateKeyLaboratoryofPolymer
MileEndRd MaterialsEngineering
LondonE14NS PolymerResearchInstituteofSichuan
UK University
No.24SouthSection1YihuanRoad
610065Chengdu
WouterM.BergmannTiest China
RotterdamUniversityofApplied
Sciences RobertA.Hayes
Wijnhaven99 SouthChinaAcademyofAdvanced
Rotterdam Optoelectronics
TheNetherlands SouthChinaNormalUniversity
HigherEducationMegaCenter
WestWaihuanRoad#378,Bldg.#5
DirkJ.Broer
Guangzhou510006
EindhovenUniversityofTechnology
P.R.China
LaboratoryofFunctionalOrganic
Materials&Devices(SFD)
LeonidIonov
DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
UniversityofGeorgia
&Chemistry
CollegeofEngineering
DenDolech2
CollegeofFamily&Consumer
5612AZEindhoven
Sciences
TheNetherlands
Athens,GA30302
USA
xii ListofContributors
AstridM.L.Kappers CasperL.vanOosten
FacultyofBehaviouralandMovement MerckWindowTechnologies
Sciences B.V.,Luchthavenweg10
DepartmentofHumanMovement 5657EBEindhoven
Sciences TheNetherlands
VanderBoechorststraat9
Amsterdam
LangQin
TheNetherlands
FudanUniversity
DepartmentofMaterialsScience
DanqingLiu
220HandanRoad
EindhovenUniversityofTechnology
Shanghai200433
LaboratoryofFunctionalOrganic
China
Materials&Devices(SFD)
DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
AlbertusP.H.J.Schenning
&Chemistry
UniversityofEindhovenTechnology
DenDolech2
DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
5612AZEindhoven
&Chemistry
TheNetherlands
FunctionalOrganicMaterials&
Devices(SFD)
and
HelixBldg.STO0.28
EindhovenUniversityofTechnology HetKranenveld14
InstituteforComplexMolecular 5612AZEindhoven
Systems(ICMS) TheNetherlands
DenDolech2
5612AZEindhoven
JeroenterSchiphorst
TheNetherlands UniversityofEindhovenTechnology
DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
LingLiu &Chemistry
ZernikeInstituteforAdvanced FunctionalOrganicMaterials&
Materials Devices(SFD)
MicromechanicsofMaterials HelixBldg.STO0.28
UniversityofGroningen HetKranenveld14
Nijenborgh4 5612AZEindhoven
9747AGGroningen TheNetherlands
TheNetherlands
JelleE.Stumpel
PatrickR.Onck TampereUniversityofTechnology
ZernikeInstituteforAdvanced LaboratoryofChemistryand
Materials Bioengineering
MicromechanicsofMaterials SmartPhotonicMaterials
UniversityofGroningen FestiaBldg.FC217
Nijenborgh4 Hermiankatu7
9747AGGroningen 33720Tampere
TheNetherlands Finland