Table Of Content

BOOKS BY HANNAH ARENDT Nonfiction BetweenPastandFuture:SixExercisesinPoliticalThought CrisesoftheRepublic EichmanninJerusalem:A ReportontheBanalityofEyil EssaysinUnderstanding, Z930-Z954 TheHumanCondition TheJewasPariah:JewishIdentityandPoliticsintheModernAge LecturesonKant'sPoliticalPhilosophy TheLifeoftheMind LoyeandSaintAugustine MeninDarkTimes OnReyolution OnViolence The OriginsofTotalitarianism RahelVG.rnhagen: TheLifeofaJewish WOman ResponsibilityandJudgment Correspondence BetweenFriends: TheCorrespondenceofHannahArendtand MaryMcCarthy, Z949-Z975 Correspondence, z926-z969(withKarlJaspers) Letters, z925-z975(withMartinHeidegger) WithinFourwalls: TheCorrespondenceBetweenHannahArendtand HeinrichBlucher, Z936-Z968 RESPONSIBILITY AND JUDGMENT \ j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j . j j j j j j j j j j j j RES PON SIB I LITY JUDGMENT Hannah Arendt EditedandwithanIntroduction byJeromeKohn SCHOCKEN BOOKS, NEW YORK Copyright©2003by TheLiteraryTrustofHannahArendtandJeromeKohn AllrightsreservedunderInternationalandPan-AmericanCopy right Conventions. Published inthe United Statesby Schocken Books,adivisionofRandomHouse,Inc.,NewYork,andsimul taneously in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto.DistributedbyPantheonBooks,adivisionofRandom House,Inc.,NewYork. Schockenandcolophonareregisteredtrademarksof RandomHouse,Inc. Portionsofthisworkhavepreviouslyappearedinthefollowing publications: Dissent; The Listener; New .YOrk Herald Tribune Maga{ine; New .YOrk Review of Books; Social Research; The American Experiment, edited by S. B. Warner; Amor Mundi, editedbyJamesBernauer;andAuschwit{byBerndNaumann. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Arendt,Hannah. Responsibility and judgment / Hannah Arendt; edited and withanintroductionbyJeromeKohn. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferences. ISBN0-8°)2-4212-0 1.Politicalethics. 2.Responsibility. 3.Judgment. 4.Politicalparticipation. I.Kohn,Jerome. II.Title. JA79·A732003 I72---dc2I 2003045737 www.schocken.com BookdesignbyPeterA.Andersen PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica FirstEdition 24 6 8 973 CONTENTS IntroductionbyJeromeKohn vii ANoteontheText xxxi Prologue I RESPONSIBILITY PersonalResponsibilityUnderDictatorship 17 t36'tl Some QuestionsofMoralPhilosophy 49 '6,-) - !~" CollectiveResponsibility 147 ';f~,'(, ThinkingandMoral Considerations II JUDGMENT ReflectionsonLittleRock 193 (~53 The Deputy: GuiltbySilence? 214" AuschwitzonTrial 227 /G~ HometoRoost 257'7S I~in'lrr.J·\ 0'" !;(,I(.., Notes 277 Index 287 j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j INTRODUCTION BY JEROME KaHN "Particular questions must receive particular answers; and if the series of crisesinwhichwehavelived since thebeginningofthe century can teach us anythingat all, itis, I think, the simple fact that there are no general standards to determine our judgments unfailingly,nogeneralrulesunderwhichtosubsumetheparticu larcaseswithanydegreeofcertainty."WiththesewordsHannah Arendt (1906-75) encapsulated what throughout her life she regarded as the problematic nature of the relationofphilosophy topolitics,oroftheorytopractice,or,moresimplyandprecisely, ofthinkingtoacting. Atthetimeshewasaddressingalargeaudi ence that had gathered from across the nation in Manhattan's Riverside Churchtoattendacolloquiumon"The Crisis Charac ter of Modern Society."* The year was 1966 and a particular political crisis, the escalation of the war in Vietnam, was upper most in the minds of the citizens who had come together to expresstheirconcernoverAmerica'spolicyinSoutheastAsiaand todeliberateonwhatthey,individuallyandcollectively,coulddo to change thatpolicy. Believingthat their nation's devastationof an ancient culture and of apeoplewho posed no threat to itwas "Arendt'sbriefremarkswerelaterpublishedinChristianityandCrisis:aChristianJournal ofOpinionvol.26,no.9(May30,1966):II2-!4. YEl Introduction morally wrong, they turned to Arendt and the other speakers whoseexperience ofpastcriseswould, theyhoped, shed lighton thepresentone. At least with Arendt they were in for something of a disap pointment.Despitethefactthattotalitarianismandothercrisesof thetwentiethcenturyhadbeenthefocusofherthoughtformany years, she offered them "no general standards" to measure the wrongthathadbeendone,muchlessany"generalrules"toapply to the wrong that was nowbeing done. She said nothing to sub stantiate the convictions they already held, or to render their opinions more convincing to others, or to make their antiwar efforts more effective. Arendt did not believe that analogies derived retrospectively from what had or had not worked in the pastwould avert the pitfalls of the presentsituation. As she saw it, the spontaneityof political action isyoked to the contingency of its specific conditions, which renders such analogies unavail ing. That "appeasement" had failed in Munich in 1938, for in stance,didnotentailthatnegotiationswerepointlessin1966.And whileArendtbelievedthattheentireworld,foritsownsake,must remain vigilant in resisting such elements as racism and global expansionism which had crystallized in totalitarianism, she ob jected to the indiscriminate, analogizing application of the term "totalitarian"towhateverregimetheUnitedStatesmightoppose. Arendtdid notmeanthatthepastas suchwasirrelevant-she nevertiredofrepeatingWilliamFaulkner'sepigram"Thepastis neverdead, it'snotevenpast"-butthatapplying "so-calledles sons ofhistory" toindicatewhatthe future holdsinstore is only slightlymoreusefulthanexaminingentrailsorreadingtealeaves. In otherwords, her view of the past, clearly stated in "Home to Roost,"thelastpieceincludedinResponsibilityandJudgment, was more complicated and less confident than that contained in San- VlU

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Responsibility and Judgment gathers together unpublished writings from the last decade of Arendt’s life, where she addresses fundamental questions and concerns about the nature of evil and the making of moral choices. At the heart of the book is a profound ethical investigation, “Some Questions
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Responsibility and Judgment gathers together unpublished writings from the last decade of Arendt’s life, where she addresses fundamental questions and concerns about the nature of evil and the making of moral choices. At the heart of the book is a profound ethical investigation, “Some Questions

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