Table Of ContentResilience and Mental Health:
Challenges Across the Lifespan
Resilience and
Mental Health
Challenges Across the Lifespan
Edited by
Steven M. Southwick
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
Brett T. Litz
Boston University School of Medicine, Boston
Dennis Charney
The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
Matthew J. Friedman
Dartmouth University School of Medicine, White River Junction
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Resilience and mental health: challenges across the lifespan / [edited by]
Steven M. Southwick ... [et al.].
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-521-89839-3 (hardback)
1. Mental health. 2. Stress (Psychology) 3. Adaptability (Psychology) I. Southwick, Steven M. II. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Mental Health. 2. Resilience, Psychological. 3. Adaptation, Psychological. 4. Stress Disorders,
Traumatic–prevention & control. 5. Stress, Psychological–psychology. WM 105]
RA790.R447 2011
616.89–dc23 2011016713
ISBN 978-0-521-89839-3 Hardback
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Contents
List of contributors page vii
Preface xi
Section 1 Pathways to resilience 1 Section 3 Resilience in families,
Section editor: Brett T. Litz communities, and societies 149
1 Neurobiology of resilience 1 Section editor: Fran H. Norris
Adriana Feder, Dennis Charney, and Kate Collins
10 Family resilience: a collaborative approach in
2 Resilience in the face of stress: emotion response to stressful life challenges 149
regulation as a protective factor 30 Froma Walsh
Allison S. Troy and Iris B. Mauss
11 Community resilience: concepts, assessment,
3 Cognitive factors and resilience: how and implications for intervention 162
self-effi cacy contributes to coping with Fran H. Norris, Kathleen Sherrieb, and
adversities 4 5 Betty Pfef erbaum
Charles C. Benight and Roman Cieslak
12 Trauma, culture, and resiliency 176
4 Personality factors in resilience to Carl C. Bell
traumatic stress 56
Mark W. Miller and Kelly M. Harrington
Section 4 Specifi c challenges 189
5 Social ties and resilience in chronic
Section editor: Matthew J. Friedman
disease 76
Denise Janicki-Deverts and Sheldon Cohen 13 Loss and grief: the role of individual
diff erences 189
6 Religious and spiritual factors in
Anthony D. Mancini and George A. Bonanno
resilience 9 0
David W. Foy, Kent D. Drescher, and Patricia 14 Reorienting resilience: adapting resilience for
J. Watson post-disaster research 200
Jennifer Johnson and Sandro Galea
15 Rape and other sexual assault 218
Section 2 Resilience across the
Heidi S. Resnick, Constance Guille,
lifespan 103 Jenna L. McCauley, and Dean
G. Kilpatrick
Section editor: Dennis Charney
16 The stress continuum model: a military
7 Resilience in children and adolescents 103
organizational approach to resilience and
Ann S. Masten, Amy R. Monn, and
recovery 238
Laura M. Supkof
William P. Nash, Maria Steenkamp,
8 Toward a lifespan approach to resilience and Lauren Conoscenti, and Brett T. Litz
potential trauma 120
17 Resilience in the face of terrorism: linking
George A. Bonanno and Anthony D. Mancini
resource investment with engagement 253
9 Resilience in older adults 135 Stevan E. Hobfoll, Brian Hall, Katie J. Horsey, and
Diane L. Elmore, Lisa M. Brown, and Joan M. Cook Brittain E. Lamoureux
v
Contents
18 Resilience in the context of poverty 264 21 Childhood resilience: adaptation, mastery,
John C. Buckner and Jessica S. Waters and attachment 307
Angie Torres, Steven M. Southwick, and
19 Resiliency in individuals with serious mental
Linda C. Mayes
illness 276
Piper S. Meyer and Kim T. Mueser 22 Military mental health training: building
resilience 323
Carl Andrew Castro and Amy B. Adler
Section 5 Training for resilience 289
23 Public health practice and disaster resilience:
Section editor: Steven M. Southwick
a framework integrating resilience as a worker
20 Interventions to enhance resilience and protection strategy 340
resilience-related constructs in adults 289 Dori B. Reissman, Kathleen M. Kowalski-Trakol er,
Steven M. Southwick, Robert H. Pietrzak, and and Craig L. Katz
Gerald White
Index 3 59
vi
Contributors
Amy B. Adler Sheldon Cohen
Clinical Research Psychologist and Chief of Science, Director of the Laboratory for the Study of Stress,
US Army Medical Research Unit, Europe, Walter Immunity and Disease, Carnegie Mellon University,
Reed Army Institute of Research, Heidelberg, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Germany
Kate Collins
Carl C. Bell
Graduate Assistant, Mount Sinai School of Medicine,
President/CEO, Community Mental Health Council, New York, USA
Inc. and Clinical Professor of Psychiatry and Public
Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA Lauren Conoscenti
National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare
Charles C. B enight
System and Boston University, Boston, MA
Department of Psychology and Trauma, Health, and
Hazards Center, University of Colorado, Colorado Joan M. Cook
Springs, CO, USA Assistant Professor, Psychiatry, Yale School of
Medicine and National Center for PTSD, West Haven,
George A. Bonanno CT, USA
Professor of Education and Psychology, Teachers
Kent D. Drescher
College, Columbia University, New York, USA
Health Science Specialist, Palo Alto VA Healthcare
Lisa M. Brown
System and National Center for PTSD, Menlo Park,
Associate Professor, Department of Aging and Mental CA, USA
Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
Diane L. Elmore
John C. Buckner
Associate Executive Director, Public Interest
Staf Scientist, Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Government Relations Oi ce, American
Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA Psychological Association, Washington, DC, USA
Carl Andrew Castro Adriana Feder
Director, Military Operational Medicine Research Assistant Professor, Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of
Program, US Army Medical Research and Material Medicine, New York, USA
Command, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
David W. Foy
Dennis Charney
Professor, Department of Psychology, GSEP-
Dean and Professor of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and
Pepperdine University, Encino, CA, USA
Pharmacology and Systems h erapeutics, Mount
Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA Matthew J. Friedman
Professor of Psychiatry and of Pharmacology and
Roman Cieslak
Toxicology and Executive Director of the National
Department of Psychology, Warsaw School of Social
Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, US
Psychology and Trauma, Health, and Hazards Center,
Department of Veterans Af airs, Dartmouth Medical
University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
School, White River Junction, VT, USA
vii
List of contributors
Sandro Galea Brittain E. Lamoureux
Gelman Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia
Brett T. Litz
University, New York, USA
Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiological Research
Constance Guille and Information Center, National Center for PTSD,
Clinical Instructor of Psychiatry, National Crime VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University,
Victims Research and Treatment Center, Medical Boston, MA, USA
University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
Anthony D. Mancini
Brian Hall Teachers College, Columbia University, New York,
Research Study Coordinator, Rush Medical College USA
and Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
Ann S. Masten
Kelly M. Harrington Distinguished McKnight University Professor,
VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
PTSD and Division of Psychiatry, Boston University
Iris B. Mauss
School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology,
Stevan E. Hobfoll University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
Professor and Chairperson, Department of Behavioral
Linda C. Mayes
Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
Chair of the Directorial Team at the Anna Freud
Katie J. Horsey Centre, London and Arnold Gesell Professor of Child
Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA Psychiatry and Psychology, Yale Child Study Center,
New Haven, CT, USA
Denise Janicki-Deverts
Jenna L. McCauley
Research Fellow, Carnegie Mellon University,
Pittsburgh, PA, USA Instructor, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,
National Crime Victims Research and Treatment
Jennifer Johnson Center, Medical University of South Carolina,
Research Assistant, Center for Global Health, Charleston, SC, USA
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Piper S. Meyer
Craig L. Katz
Department of Psychology, University of North
Disaster Psychiatry Outreach and Department
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine,
New York, USA Mark W. Miller
VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for
Dean G. Kilpatrick
PTSD and Division of Psychiatry, Boston University
D irector, National Crime Victims Research and
School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
Treatment Center and Vice Chair for Education,
Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Amy R. Monn
Charleston, SC, USA Researcher, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,
MN, USA
Kathleen M. Kowalski-Trakofl er
Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Oi ce of Mining Kim T. Mueser
Safety and Health Research, National Institute for Departments of Psychiatry and of Community and
Occupational Safety and Health, US Centers for Family Medicine, Dartmouth Psychiatric Research
Disease Control and Prevention, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Center, Concord, NH, USA
vviiiiii
List of contributors
William P. Nash Steven M. Southwick
Captain, Medical Corps, US Navy (Retired), VA Professor, Yale University School of Medicine
San Diego Healthcare System, and University of National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder,
California, San Diego, CA, USA and VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven,
CT, USA
Fran H. Norris
Research Professor of Psychiatry and of Community Maria Steenkamp
and Family Medicine, Department of Veterans Af airs Clinical Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA,
National Center for PTSD and National Consortium USA
for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to
Laura M. Supkoff
Terrorism, Dartmouth Medical School, White River
Junction, VT, USA Researcher, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,
MN, USA
Betty Pfeff erbaum
Angie Torres
National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and
Responses to Terrorism, National Child Traumatic Postdoctoral Fellow, Yale Child Study Center, New
Stress Network of the Terrorism and Disaster Center, Haven, CT, USA
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center,
Allison S. Troy
Oklahoma City, OK, USA
Department of Psychology, University of Denver,
Robert H. Pietrzak Denver, CO, USA
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Yale University
Froma Walsh
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
Firestone Professor Emerita and Co-Director of the
Dori B. Reissman Chicago Center for Family Health, University of
Oi ce of the Director, National Institute for Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Occupational Safety and Health, US Centers for
Jessica S. Waters
Disease Control and Prevention and Commissioned
Research Assistant, Department of Psychiatry,
Medical Corps of the US Public Health Service,
Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
Washington DC, USA
Patricia J. Watson
Heidi S. Resnick
National Center for PTSD and VA Medical and
Professor, National Crime Victims Research and
Regional Oi ce Center, White River Junction, VT,
Treatment Center, Charleston, SC, USA
USA
Kathleen Sherrieb
Gerald White
Department of Veterans Af airs National Center for
Co-founder, Survivor Corps, Washington, DC, USA
PTSD and National Consortium for the Study of
Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, Dartmouth
Medical School, White River Junction, VT, USA
ix
