Table Of ContentRESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN
ARTS, SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN ARTS,
SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
Surbhi Jain
Publishing
www.societypublishing.com
Research Methodology in Arts, Science and Humanities
Surbhi Jain
Society Publishing
2010 Winston Park Drive,
2nd Floor
Oakville, ON L6H 5R7
Canada
www.societypublishing.com
Tel: 001-289-291-7705
001-905-616-2116
Fax: 001-289-291-7601
Email: [email protected]
e-book Edition 2019
ISBN: 978-1-77361-984-2 (e-book)
This book contains information obtained from highly regarded resources. Reprinted material
sources are indicated and copyright remains with the original owners. Copyright for images and
other graphics remains with the original owners as indicated. A Wide variety of references are
listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data. Authors or Editors or Publish-
ers are not responsible for the accuracy of the information in the published chapters or conse-
quences of their use. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or grievance to the
persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or thoughts in
the book. The authors or editors and the publisher have attempted to trace the copyright holders
of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission has
not been obtained. If any copyright holder has not been acknowledged, please write to us so we
may rectify.
Notice: Registered trademark of products or corporate names are used only for explanation and
identification without intent of infringement.
© 2019 Society Publishing
ISBN: 978-1-77361-354-3 (Hardcover)
Society Publishing publishes wide variety of books and eBooks. For more information about
Society Publishing and its products, visit our website at www.societypublishing.com.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Dr Surbhi Jain is the head of Academics at Regenesys Institute of Management.
She has a PhD (management) and an MBA (Marketing and HR).
She has over 10 years of experience. She reads voraciously and writes
eclectically. She has published a book on Business communication and that
is now a prescribed textbook for Mumbai university management course. She
is currently authoring a book on Change management. This is in addition to
4 international research papers and 3 international case studies that she has
published within the last 4 years. She has supervised 137 MBA students over
the last 10 years for their research dissertations and 6 students are writing their
doctoral thesis under her guidance.
She believes in encouraging young individuals to see the beauty and potential
that is within them and encouraging deep love and respect for others and the
environment.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Figures ................................................................................................xi
Preface........................................................................ .................................xv
PART I: RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES IN THE ARTS
Chapter 1 Introduction ..............................................................................................3
1.1. Definition of The Concept of Research ................................................4
1.2. Positivism and Relativism In Research .................................................8
1.3. Common Types of Research ..............................................................12
1.4. Common Types of Research Designs .................................................15
Chapter 2 Arts-Based Research: The Basics .............................................................19
2.1. Definition of Arts-Based Research .....................................................20
2.2. Research in The Arts: The Process ......................................................25
2.3. Values of Research in The Arts ...........................................................28
2.4. Benefits of Arts-Based Research ........................................................31
2.5. Types of Research In The Arts ............................................................34
Chapter 3 Content Analysis in Research in the Arts .................................................37
3.1. The Definition of Content Analysis ....................................................38
3.2. The Process of Content Analysis ........................................................40
3.3. Content Analysis in the Arts: Advantages and Disadvantages .............42
3.4. Analyzing Data Using Content Analysis Methodology ......................47
PART II: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN THE SCIENCES
Chapter 4 Introduction to Research Methodology in Science ..................................53
4.1. Definition of The Scientific Method ...................................................54
4.2. Aims of Scientific Research ...............................................................57
4.3. Nature of The Scientific Method ........................................................60
4.4. Overview of Scientific Research Process ...........................................63
4.5. Importance of Scientific Research .....................................................66
Chapter 5 Hypothesis in Scientific Research ............................................................69
5.1. Definition of Hypothesis ...................................................................70
5.2. Important Features of Research Hypothesis .......................................71
5.3. Types of Research Hypotheses ..........................................................74
5.4. Functions of Hypothesis In Scientific Research .................................77
5.5. Formulating Research Hypothesis .....................................................79
5.6. Testing Research Hypothesis .............................................................82
5.7. Challenges of Formulating Research Hypothesis ...............................83
Chapter 6 Scientific Research Data .........................................................................87
6.1. What Is Scientific Data? ....................................................................88
6.2. Data Collection Methods In Scientific Research ................................89
6.3. Data Preparation ...............................................................................92
6.4. Research Data Life Cycle ..................................................................94
6.5. Data Management In Scientific Research ..........................................97
Chapter 7 Sampling in Scientific Research .............................................................101
7.1. Sampling: Definition of Terms .........................................................102
7.2. Sampling Methods in Scientific Research ........................................105
7.3. Sample Size in Scientific Research ..................................................108
7.4. Importance of Sampling ..................................................................110
7.5. Bias In Sampling .............................................................................112
Chapter 8 Data Analysis In Scientific Research .....................................................117
8.1. Data Analysis: Definition And Concepts .........................................118
8.2. Similarities Between Quantitative And Qualitative Data
Analysis Methods .........................................................................121
8.3. Differences Between Qualitative And Quantitative Data Analysis ...124
8.4. Data Analysis Methods ...................................................................127
8.5. Importance Of Data Analysis In Scientific Research ........................130
Chapter 9 Experimentation in Scientific Research .................................................135
9.1. What Is Experimentation?................................................................136
9.2. The Experimentation Process ...........................................................138
viii