Table Of ContentResearch Ethics in Behavior Analysis
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Research Ethics in
Behavior Analysis
From Laboratory to Clinic and Classroom
Edited by
David J. Cox
Institute for Behavioral Studies, Endicott College, Beverly,
MA, United States
Noor Y. Syed
SUNY Empire State College and the Center for Autism Advocacy:
Research, Education, and Supports, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States;
Anderson Center International, Staatsburg, NY, United States; Endicott
College, Beverly, MA, United States
Matthew T. Brodhead
Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special
Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
Shawn P. Quigley
Melmark, Andover, MA, United States; Berwyn, PA, United States;
Charlotte, NC, United States
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Dedication
This is dedicated to those who model
perseverance through adversity. For my
colleagues in the Autistic Community and
Anderson Center Internationaldthank you
for enriching the lives of so many and for
making the world a better place. e
Noor
I would like to thank Reviewer 2 for all the
encouragement they have provided
throughout the years. e
Matt
This book is dedicated to the millions of
past, present, and future research
participants. Your gift of your time and
your body to scientific endeavors is
humbling. Without you, none of us would
likely have the careers we do.
Thank you. e
David
I want to recognize the individuals that did
not consent to research. Their stories are
the pillars of research ethics. e
Shawn
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Contents
Contributors xiii
Preface xvii
1. From Fuller to Fawcett: a human rights history of
research ethics in behavior analysis
MalikaPritchett,ShahlaAla’i-Rosales,TraciM.Cihon
andAlicia ReCruz
Introduction: our growingunderstandingofresearchethics 2
Timelinesofprotectionsandthedevelopmentofascience
ofbehaviorchange 4
Exploitationforknowledge 17
Necropolitics 17
Protections 20
Knowledgeseekingwithprotections 21
Belmontreport 21
Institutionalreviewboards 23
Collaborativeknowledge seekingfor well-being 24
Participatoryactionresearch 24
Shiftingperspectives:context,epistemology,ontology,and
axiology 25
Uprisings,agency,andpandemics 26
Conclusion:advancingourunderstandingofresearchethics 28
References 30
2. Ethical principles and values guiding modern scientific
research
DavidJ.Cox,VictoriaD. SuarezandVidesha Marya
Ontermsandfunctions 37
Principlesandvaluesofmodernresearchethics 42
TheBelmontreport 42
Additionalprinciplesofresearchethics 43
Paradigmsofresearchoversight anddecision-making 47
Thefunctionalapplicationofethicalprinciplesandvaluesto
guideresearch 53
Futuredirections 56
Conclusion 57
vii
viii Contents
References 57
Furtherreading 61
3. Equity, diversity, inclusion, and accessibility in research
NoorY.Syed,LeannaMellonandSarahKristiansen
Equity,diversity,inclusion,andaccessinresearch 63
EDIAandevidenced-based practice 65
Ethicaldecision-making toincorporate EDIAconsiderations
duringtheresearchprocess 66
Forminga diverseresearchteam 66
Responsibleparticipantrecruitment 68
Proactivemeasures topreventcolonialistresearchpractices 73
Barrierstobecomingresearchersandpublished authors:
analysisthroughanEDIAlens 75
Conclusionandself-assessment guidingquestions 78
References 81
4. On staying open: thoughts on the ethics of seeking
funding for basic behavioral research
DavidP.JarmolowiczandRogelioEscobar
Onthedangerofethicalcodes 87
Adifferentpath 88
Utilitarianethics 89
Applying utilitarianethicstosupportingbasicresearch 94
Summationandsummary 99
References 100
5. Obtaining resources to support research in applied
clinical settings
AmberL.ValentinoandOliviaM.Onofrio
Identifyingresourcestoconduct appliedresearch 104
Values 105
Systemsofsupport 106
Practicerecommendations 108
Practice1:establishvaluesandconnectthemtoresearch 109
Practice2:obtainleadershipbuy-in 110
Practice3:establishanethicscommittee/RRC 111
Practice4:createopportunities 112
Practice5:createsystems forefficientlyaccessingresources 115
Practice6:createadecision-makingmodelforresearchresourceuse 116
Practice7:buildcommunityconnections 118
Practice8:obtainoutsideconsultationandmentorship 120
Practice9:provide educationandtraining 121
Createorganizationalcultureandawareness 121
Contents ix
Conclusion 122
References 123
Further reading 124
6. Subject recruitment, consent, and assent
AllisonN.White, JessicaL.Herrod,HollyM.Long
andMatthewT.Brodhead
Introduction 125
Generalethicaloversight 126
Humansubjectsrecruitment 127
Respectforpersons 128
Beneficence 131
Justice 133
Informed consent andassent 137
Coreprinciplesunderlyingconsent 138
Additionalconsiderationsforvulnerablepopulations 142
Consenttoshareresearchfindings 143
Conclusion 144
References 145
7. Ethical considerations with balancing clinical
effectiveness with research design
WayneW.Fisher,Ashley M.Fuhrman,BrianD.Greer,
VivianF.Iban˜ez, KathrynM.PetersonandCathleenC.Piazza
Evaluatingeffectivenessinresearchandclinicalpractice 150
Recruitment andretention 153
Considerationsofsingle-casedesignsforresearchand
clinicalpractice 155
Reversaldesigns 155
Multiplebaselinedesign 157
Multielementdesign 159
Otherexperimentaldesignfeatures 159
Protocoldeviationsdue toclinicalneed 160
Participantsafety 163
Billing practices 164
Concludingcomments 165
References 166
