Table Of ContentSpringer Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry
Constantin Andronache E ditor
Remote
Sensing of
Clouds and
Precipitation
Springer Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/10182
Constantin Andronache
Editor
Remote Sensing of Clouds
and Precipitation
123
Editor
ConstantinAndronache
BostonCollege
ChestnutHill,MA,USA
ISSN2198-0721 ISSN2198-073X (electronic)
SpringerRemoteSensing/Photogrammetry
ISBN978-3-319-72582-6 ISBN978-3-319-72583-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72583-3
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018933177
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Preface
The objective of this book is to present a series of advanced research topics on
remote sensing of clouds and precipitation. The motivation of this project comes
from the recognized importance of the role that clouds and precipitation play in
the weather and climate and their applications. Clouds influence the atmospheric
radiative balance and hydrological cycle of the Earth. Reductions in the current
uncertaintiesinweatherforecastandclimateprojectionsrequireobtainingaccurate
cloudobservationsandimprovingtheirrepresentationinnumericalmodels.Inthis
effort to better understand the role of cloud systems, the remote sensing of clouds
and precipitation presents particular challenges and opportunities, many of them
illustratedinthisbook.
Thebookhastwoparts,coveringawiderangeoftopics.Thefirstpart,“Ground-
Based Remote Sensing,” contains articles on weather radar and its use in meteo-
rological applications of detection, characterization, and forecasting of tornadoes,
storms, and thunderstorms. The material also illustrates recent developments of
radarsystemsformeteorologicalandhydrologicaluse.Onechapterpresentstheuse
ofcloudradaranditsapplications.Thesecondpart,“SpaceborneRemoteSensing,”
coverssatelliteremotesensingofprecipitation,illustratingmajorprogramssuchas
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Measure-
ment(GPM),aswellasrecentprogressinclouddetectionandcharacterizationusing
cloud radar in satellite missions. It presents observations of cloud structure from
CloudSat and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation
(CALIPSO) and their implications for future satellite missions. Since water vapor
plays a major role in the climate system and in cloud and precipitation processes,
the book includes a chapter on water vapor detection using satellite microwave
sensors.Anotherchapterdiscussesadvancesincloudmodelinginnumericalmodels
supportedbyremotesensingobservations.Recentresearchshowsthatusingremote
sensingdatacanimprovetheperformanceofnumericalweatherpredictionsystems
andquantitativeprecipitationestimation.
While the topic of remote sensing of clouds and precipitation is very broad,
this book brings evidence of the enormous power and potential of increasing
refined remote sensing observation techniques at multiple scales. These methods
v
vi Preface
havesignificantsocietalbenefits,andwillcontributesubstantiallytosolvecomplex
problemsoftherolecloudsystemsplayinEarthsciences.Thebookisaddressedto
upper-levelundergraduates,graduatestudents,researchersinatmosphericsciences,
meteorology,environmentalsciences,hydrology,andremotesensing,andengineers
involvedinweatherandcloudradartechnologyandapplications.
Boston,MA,USA ConstantinAndronache
October2017
Acknowledgments
The publication of this book would not have been possible without the help,
interest, and enthusiasm of the contributing authors. I would like to thank all
authors and their supporting institutions for making this project possible. For
many suggestions during the review process, I am particularly grateful to Dr.
Scott Collis (Argonne National Laboratory, USA), Dr. Susanne Crewell (Institute
of Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Germany), Dr. Raquel
Evaristo (Meteorological Institute, University of Bonn, Germany), Dr. Patrick N.
Gatlin (National Aeronautics and Space Administration, USA), Dr. Karen Kosiba
(Center for Severe Weather Research, USA), Dr. Hirohiko Masunaga (Institute
for Space-Earth Research Institute, Nagoya University, Japan), and Dr. Angela
Rowe (Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA). I
would like to thank the American Geophysical Union, the European Geosciences
Union,andtheAmericanMeteorologicalSocietyforaseriesofrecentstimulating
conferencesonremotesensingandtheirapplications.IamgratefultoJohnWiley&
Sons,Inc.,forpermissiontouseasetoffigurespublishedintheirjournals.Finally,
itisapleasuretoacknowledgeZacharyRomano,SusanWestendorf,AaronSchiller,
KalaiselviRamalingam,andJohnRamKumarfromSpringerfortheirwillingness
andenthusiasticassistanceduringtheproject.
vii
Contents
PartI GroundBasedRemoteSensing
Introduction ...................................................................... 3
ConstantinAndronache
WeatherRadars.................................................................. 15
MatthewR.Kumjian
Ground-BasedRadarTechnologiesforTornadoObservations............. 65
DavidJ.BodineandJamesM.Kurdzo
Ground-BasedWeatherRadartoInvestigateThunderstorms ............. 113
LucaBaldini,NicolettaRoberto,MarioMontopoli,andElisaAdirosi
CloudRadars..................................................................... 137
TakeshiMaesaka
PartII SpaceborneRemoteSensing
TheTropicalRainfallMeasuringMission..................................... 155
MirceaGrecuandDavidT.Bolvin
GlobalPrecipitationMeasurement(GPM):UnifiedPrecipitation
EstimationfromSpace .......................................................... 175
GailSkofronick-Jackson,WesleyBerg,ChrisKidd,DaliaB.Kirschbaum,
WalterA.Petersen,GeorgeJ.Huffman,andYukariN.Takayabu
Cloud Remote Sensing by Active Sensors: New Perspectives
fromCloudSat,CALIPSOandEarthCARE.................................. 195
HajimeOkamotoandKaoriSato
Atmospheric Water Vapour Profiling over Ocean/Land
andforClear/CloudySituationsUsingMicrowaveObservations.......... 215
FilipeAires
ix
x Contents
Advances in Clouds and Precipitation Modeling Supported
byRemoteSensingMeasurements............................................. 257
TakamichiIguchiandToshihisaMatsui
Index............................................................................... 279
