Table Of ContentRemote Sensing in Archaeology
INTERDISCIPLINARYCONTRIBUTIONSTOARCHAEOLOGY
SeriesEditor:MichaelJochim,UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,California
Founding Editor: Roy S. Dickens, Jr., Late of University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
NorthCarolina
THEARCHAEOLOGIST’SLABORATORY
TheAnalysisofArchaeologicalData
E.B.Banning
AURIGNACIANLITHICECONOMY
EcologicalPerspectivesfromSouthwesternFrance
BrookeS.Blades
EARLIESTITALY
AnOverviewoftheItalianPaleolithicandMesolithic
MargheritaMussi
EMPIREANDDOMESTICECONOMY
TerenceN.D’AltroyandChristineA.Hastorf
EUROPEANPREHISTORY:ASURVEY
EditedbySaurunasMiliasuskas
THEEVOLUTIONOFCOMPLEXHUNTER-GATHERERS
ArchaeologicalEvidencefromtheNorthPacific
BenFitzhugh
FAUNALEXTINCTIONINANISLANDSOCIETY
PygmyHippotamusHuntersofCyprus
AlanH.Simmons
AHUNTER-GATHERERLANDSCAPE
SouthwestGermanyintheLatePaleolithicandNeolithic
MichaelA.Jochim
MISSISSIPPIANCOMMUNITYORGANIZATION
ThePowersPhaseinSoutheasternMissouri
MichaelJ.O’Brien
NEW PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN SACRIFICE AND RITUAL BODY TREATMENTS
INANCIENTMAYASOCIETY
EditedbyVeraTieslerandAndreaCucina
REMOTESENSINGINARCHAEOLOGY
EditedbyJamesWisemanandFaroukEl-Baz
THETAKINGANDDISPLAYINGOFHUMANBODYPARTSASTROPHIESBYAMERINDIANS
EditedbyRichardJ.ChaconandDavidH.Dye
AContinuationOrderPlanisavailableforthisseries.Acontinuationorderwillbringdeliveryof
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Forfurtherinformationpleasecontactthepublisher.
Remote Sensing
in Archaeology
Edited by
JAMES WISEMAN
CenterforArchaeologicalStudies,BostonUniversity
Boston,MA,USA
and
FAROUK EL-BAZ
CenterforRemoteSensing,BostonUniversity
Boston,MA,USA
JamesR.Wiseman FaroukEl-Baz
CenterforArchaeologicalStudies CenterforRemoteSensing
BostonUniversity BostonUniversity
725CommonwealthAvenue 675CommonwealthAvenue
Boston,MA,02215 Boston,MA02215
[email protected] [email protected]
CoverIllustration:
SIR-C1994imageofAngkorWat,Cambodia,andamosaicdetailofAngkorWatand
Kapilapuramound.SeeFigure1,p.186,andFigure14,p.211,forimagesand
detailedexplanations.
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2001012345
HBISBN100-387-44453-X e-ISBN100-387-44455-6 SBISBN100-387-44615-X
HBISBN13978-0-387-44453-6 e-ISBN13978-0-387-44455-0
Printedonacid-freepaper.
©2007SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without
the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring
Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or
scholarlyanalysis.Useinconnectionwithanyformofinformationstorageandretrieval,electronic
adaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafter
developedisforbidden.
Theuseinthispublicationoftradenames,trademarks,servicemarks,andsimilarterms,evenif
theyarenotidentifiedassuch,isnottobetakenasanexpressionofopinionastowhetheror
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Contributors
Turki S.M. Al-Saud. King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology,
Riyadh,SaudiArabia.
Email:[email protected]
JenniferR.Bales.3345GrandAve.,Billings,MT59102
Robert D. Ballard. Institute for Archaeological Oceanography, Graduate
School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, South Ferry Road,
Narragansett,RI02882.
Email:[email protected]
Deborah Blom. Department of Anthropology, University of Vermont, Williams
Hall508,72UniversityPlace,Burlington,VT05405-0168.
Email:[email protected]
RonaldG.Blom.NASAJetPropulsionLaboratory,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,
Pasadena,CA91109.
Email:[email protected]
Stefano Campana. Landscape Archaeology, Department of Archaeology and
History of Arts, University of Siena at Grosseto Convento delle Clarisse, Via
Vinzaglio28,58100Grosseto,Italy.
Email:[email protected]
Nicholas Clapp. Thomas Road Productions, 1551 S. Robertson Blvd. Los
Angeles,CA90035.
Email:[email protected]
Douglas C. Comer. Cultural Site Research and Management, Inc., 4303 N.
CharlesSt.,Baltimore,MD21218.
Email:[email protected]
Lawrence B. Conyers. Department of Anthropology, University of Denver,
2000E.AsburyStreet,Denver,CO80208.
Email:[email protected]
Nicole Couture. Department of Anthropology, McGill University, Stephen
Leacock Building, 855 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 2T7,
Canada.
Email:[email protected]
v
vi CONTRIBUTORS
RobertCrippen.NASAJetPropulsionLaboratory,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,
Pasadena,CA91109.
Email:[email protected]
Farouk El-Baz. Center for Remote Sensing, Boston University, 725 Commonwealth
Avenue,Boston,MA02215.
Email:[email protected]
Charles Elachi. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena,CA91109.
Email:[email protected]
Francisco Estrada-Belli. Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University,
Box6050,Nashville,TN37235.
Email:[email protected]
DianeL.Evans.NASAJetPropulsionLaboratory,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,
Pasadena,CA91109.
Email:[email protected]
Tom G. Farr. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena,CA91109.
Email:[email protected]
William R. Fowler, Jr. Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University,
Box6050-B,Nashville,TN37205.
Email:[email protected]
Riccardo Francovich. Medieval Archaeology, Department of Archaeology
andHistoryofArts,UniversityofSiena,ViaRoma56,53100Siena,Italy.
Email:[email protected]
Tony Freeman. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena,CA91109.
Email:[email protected]
Thomas G. Garrison. Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, 11 Divinity
Avenue,Cambridge,MA02138.
Email:[email protected]
Dean Goodman. Geophysical Archaeometry Laboratory, 20014 Gypsy Lane,
WoodlandHills,CA91364.
Email:[email protected],www.GPR-SURVEY.com
George R. Hedges. Quinn Emanuel Urquhart Oliver & Hedges, LLP, 865 South
FigueroaStreet,10thFloor,LosAngeles,CA90017.
Email:[email protected]
Scott Hensley. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena,CA91109.
Email:[email protected]
CONTRIBUTORS vii
Derrold W. Holcomb. Advanced Sensor Software, Leica Geosystems, GIS &
MappingDivision,2801BufordHighway,Suite300,Atlanta,GA30329.
Email:[email protected]
BurgessF.Howell.UniversitiesSpaceResearchAssociation,NASAGlobalHydrology
andClimateCenter,MarshallSpaceFlightCenter,HuntsvilleAL35805.
Email:[email protected]
Carrie Hritz. Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations,
UniversityofChicago,OrientalInstitute,Chicago,IL60637.
DanielE.Irwin.NASAGlobalHydrologyandClimateCenter,MarshallSpaceFlight
Center,Huntsville,AL35805.
Email:[email protected]
Magaly Koch. Center for Remote Sensing, Boston University, 725 Commonwealth
Avenue,Boston,MA02215.
Email:[email protected]
Kenneth L. Kvamme. Department of Anthropology and Archeo-Imaging Laboratory,
OldMain330,UniversityofArkansas,Fayetteville,AR72701.
Email:[email protected]
KatherineL.R.McKee.IndependentResearcher,Oxnard,CA93036.
Email:[email protected]
David A. Mindell. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building E51-194A,
Cambridge,MA02138.
E-mail:[email protected]
Elizabeth Moore. School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University
of London, Thornhaugh Street, Russel Square London WC1H OXG United
Kingdom.
Email:[email protected]
Yasushi Nishimura. Cultural Heritage Protection Cooperation Office, Asia/Pacific
CulturalCentreforUNESCO(ACCU),Nara-shi,636-8113Japan.
Email:[email protected]
AgamemnonG.Pantel.Pantel,delCueto&AssociatesTorrimar,#11CalleValencia
Guaynabo,PuertoRico00966-3011.
Email:[email protected]
SalvatorePiro.ITABC-CNR,InstituteforTechnologiesAppliedtoCulturalHeritage,
P.O.Box10,00016MonterotondoSc.(Roma)Italy.
Email:[email protected]
Matthew D. Reynolds. Department of Anthropology & Center for Advanced Spatial
Technologies,OldMain330,UniversityofArkansas,Fayetteville,AR72701.
Email:[email protected]
viii CONTRIBUTORS
Benjamin F. Richason III. Department of Geography, St Cloud State University,
StCloud,MN56301.
Email:[email protected]
Cordula A. Robinson. Center for Remote Sensing, Boston University, 725 common-
wealthAvenue;Boston,MA02215.
Email:[email protected]
A. C. Roosevelt. Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Chicago,
1007WestHarrisonStreet,Chicago,IL60607.
Email:[email protected]
William Saturno. Department of Anthropology, University of New Hampshire,
HuddlestonHall,73MainStreet,Durham,NH03824-3532.
Email:[email protected]
Kent Schneider. USDA Forest Service Heritage Program, 1720 Peachtree Rd NW,
Atlanta,GA30309.
Email:[email protected]
ThomasL.Sever.NASAGlobalHydrologyandClimateCenter,MarshallSpaceFlight
Center,Huntsville,AL35805.
Email:[email protected]
Irina Lita Shingiray. Department of Archaeology, Boston University, Boston,
MA02215.
Email:[email protected]
Payson Sheets. Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder,
CO80309-0233.
Email:[email protected]
JohnH.Stubbs.WorldMonumentsFund,949ParkAvenue,NewYork,NY10028.
Email:[email protected]
Patrick Ryan Williams. Field Museum of Natural History, Department of Anthro-
pology,1400LakeShoreDrive,Chicago,IL60605.
Email:[email protected]
JamesWiseman.CenterforArchaeologicalStudies,BostonUniversity,675Common-
wealthAvenue,Boston,MA02215.
Email:[email protected]
Juris Zarins. Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Southwest Missouri State
University,Springfield,MO65804.
Email:[email protected]
Ezra B. W. Zubrow. State University of New York, Department of Anthropology,
P.O.Box610005,Buffalo,NY14260.
Email:[email protected]
Foreword
Over the last few decades, a revolution took place in our ability to observe
and“explore”ourhomeplanetusingspaceborneandairborneremotesensing
instruments. This revolution resulted from the new capability of observing
on a large, regional and global, scale surface patterns and features, and from
using multispectral instruments to observe surface signatures not visible to
the human eye, and to penetrate below the surface cover using microwave
radiation.
Over the last decade, this new technology is being brought to bear in
the field of archaeology. As nicely and comprehensively described in this
book, remote sensing techniques are bringing new powerful tools to help
archaeologists in their quest of discovery and exploration. Even though this
field is still in its infancy, the different articles in this book give us a glimpse
ofthethingstocomeandthegreatpotentialofremotesensinginarchaeology.
Theeditorshavebroughtanexcellentsamplingofauthorsthatillustrate
how remote sensing techniques are being used in the real world of arche-
ological exploration. A number of chapters illustrate how spaceborne and
airborne remote sensing instruments are being used to decipher surface
morphological features in arid (Egypt, Arabia), semi-arid (Greece, Ethiopia,
Italy), as well as tropical regions (Costa Rica, Guatemala, Cambodia) to help
in archeological and paleontological exploration. They illustrate the use of
surface-cover penetration with radars, high-resolution multispectral imaging
onaregionalbasis,aswellastopographicsignaturesacquiredwithspaceborne
and airborne sensors.
A number of articles also illustrate the innovative use of ground
penetrating radar systems which capitalize on recent developments in signal
processing and pattern recognition, as well as the use of visualization and
classification techniques to help extract certain patterns associated with
man-made structures from natural signatures. In addition, the emerging field
of maritime archaeology is addressed where more precision navigation tools
combined with visual and acoustic sensors are enabling new capabilities in
mapping sea-bottom surfaces.
This book provides an excellent and diverse overview of the emerging
capabilityofremotesensingarchaeologyandisaveryvaluableandimportant
text for archaeologists in their quest to use advanced technology to help in
theirstudiesofexploration,andforremotesensingtechnologistsandscientists
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