Regenerated Organs: Future Perspectives

346 Pages·2021·17.601 MB·English

by  Chandra P. Sharma

REGENERATED ORGANS
REGENERATED
ORGANS
Future Perspectives
Edited by
C P. S
HANDRA HARMA FBSE
DepartmentofPharmaceuticalBiotechnology,ManipalCollegeofPharmaceuticalSciences,
ManipalUniversity,Manipal,Karnataka
CollegeofBiomedicalEngineering&AppliedSciences,PurbanchalUniversity,Kathmandu,Nepal
BiomedicalTechnologyWing,SreeChitraTirunalInstituteforMedicalSciences&Technology(SCTIMST),
Thiruvananthapuram,India
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Contents
List of contributors ix 3. Engineered surfaces: A plausible
Preface xiii alternative in overviewing critical barriers
for reconstructing modern therapeutics or
biomimetic scaffolds
1
PreetamGuhaRay,RagaviRajasekaran,TrinaRoy,AbirDutta,
Engineering Approaches: From BaisakheeSaha,HemaBora,SubrataK.DasandSantanuDhara
Scaffolding to Bioprinting 3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Currentstatusofmedicaldevicesandrelative
Applications
complicationsinvolved 40
3.3 Substratesdeployedinbiomedical
1. Tissue and organ regeneration: An
applications 41
introduction
3.4 Typesofsurfacemodificationtechniques
WilliPaulandChandraP.Sharma towardsligandspecificactivation 44
3.5 Surfaceengineeringofpolymeric
1.1 Introduction 3 substrates 45
1.2 Guidedtissueregeneration 4
3.6 Surfaceactivationofmetallicsubstrates 50
1.3 Stemcellsintissueregeneration 5
3.7 Engineeringorganoids 54
1.4 Conclusionandfutureperspective 8 3.8 Theconceptofengineeredinvivosystem
References 8
(organ-on-chipdevices) 57
3.9 Engineeredbactericidalsystems(cid:1)amodern
2. Tissue repair with natural extracellular paradigmtoregenerativemicrodevices 63
matrix (ECM) scaffolds 3.10 Futureperspectivesandchallenges 71
References 71
ThomasChandy
4. Strategies of 3D bioprinting and
2.1 Summary 11
parameters that determine cell interaction
2.2 Background 12
2.3 Smallintestinalsubmucosa 15 with the scaffold - A review
2.4 Acellulardermis 18
GreeshmaRatheesh,CedryckVaquette,PrashantSonarand
2.5 Bladderacellularmatrix 18
YinXiao
2.6 Amnioticmembrane 19
2.7 Pericardiumandfascialata 24 4.1 Introduction 81
2.8 ECMforrepairofdamagedmuscle 26 4.2 Typesofbioprinting 82
2.9 Stemcellsforskeletalmuscle 4.3 Hydrogelsfor3Dbioprinting 85
regeneration 27 4.4 Propertiesofabioink 87
2.10 3Dbioprintingfororganregeneration 27 4.5 Parametersthatdeterminesthecellresponses
2.11 Nanosystemdeliveryofcellularmediators 29 ontissueengineeredscaffold 87
2.12 Perspective 31 4.6 Conclusion 90
References 32 References 91
v
vi Contents
5. Multipotent nature of dental pulp stem 7. Engineered cardiac tissue: Concepts and
cells for the regeneration of varied future
tissues (cid:1) A personalized medicine
SoumyaK.Chandrasekhar,FinoshG.Thankam,JoshiC.Ouseph
approach andDevendraK.Agrawal
V.P.Sivadas,D.P.RahulandPrabhaD.Nair 7.1 Introduction 133
7.2 CardiacECM 134
5.1 Introduction 97
7.3 Post-MIscarring 135
5.2 ImportanceofDPSCsinpersonalized
7.4 Cardiactissueengineering 136
regenerativemedicine 98
7.5 BiomaterialsforCTE 139
5.3 UsefulnessofDPSCsinosteogenicregeneration
7.6 DecellularizedECM 140
therapy 99
7.7 Tissue(cid:1)biomaterialinteraction 140
5.4 DPSCsfortheregenerationofneuronaltissues
7.8 FunctionalmodificationsforCTE
andcentralnervoussystem 101
scaffolds 143
5.5 ApplicabilityofDPSCsasastemcellsourcefor
7.9 Bottlenecksandfuture 145
theregenerationofmyocardialandvascular
References 146
tissues 102
5.6 Dentalpulpstemcellsasmediatorsofoptic
8. Vascular regeneration and tissue
systemregeneration 104
engineering: Progress, clinical impact, and
5.7 RegenerativetherapeuticpotentialofDPSCsin
future challenges
diabetes 105
5.8 DPSCsasatherapeutictoolforthe
SantanuHati,SwatiAgrawalandVikrantRai
regenerationofcartilageandtendon 106
5.9 Futureperspectivesandconclusions 108 8.1 Introduction 153
References 114 8.2 Regenerativetherapies 155
8.3 Conclusionandfuturedirections 162
References 163
2
3
Cardiovascular System
Musculoskeletal Regeneration of
6. Regenerating the heart: The past,
present, & future Tissues
AdityaSenguptaandRaghavA.Murthy 9. Oral tissue regeneration: Current status
6.1 Introduction 121 and future perspectives
6.2 Cardiomyocyteregenerative
MajiJose,VrindaRajagopalandFinoshG.Thankam
potential 122
6.3 Cell-basedstrategies 122 9.1 Introduction 169
6.4 Cardiacstemcells 123 9.2 Histologyoforaltissues 169
6.5 Pluripotentstemcells 123 9.3 Oralmicrobiologyinhealthanddiseases 170
6.6 Cell-freestrategies 124 9.4 Oraldiseases,prevalenceand
6.7 Growthfactors 124 management 171
6.8 Exosomes&microRNAtechnology 124 9.5 Oralmucosallesions 173
6.9 Directreprogramming 125 9.6 Oralcancer 174
6.10 Endogenousrepair&regeneration 126 9.7 Oro-dentaltissueengineering:amodern
6.11 Thefuture 127 epochintoothmanagement 175
6.12 Conclusion 128 9.8 Strategiesadaptedforperiodontaltissue
References 128 regeneration 177
Contents vii
9.9 ECMregenerationwithECM-based 12.3 Engineeringapproaches(scaffolds) 263
scaffolds 177 12.4 Summary 265
9.10 Biomaterialscaffoldsfororo-dentaltissue 12.5 Futureperspective 268
regeneration 178 References 269
9.11 Stemcellbiologyupdatesfororo-dentaltissue
regeneration 180
9.12 Summary 182
References 182 4
Furtherreading 187
Regenerative Neuroscience
10. Regenerative technologies for oral
structures 13. Recent developments and new
potentials for neuroregeneration
PrachiHanwatkarandAjayKashi
SreekanthSreekumaran,AnithaRadhakrishnanandSanjuP.Joy
10.1 Introduction 189
10.2 Embryologyoforalstructures 190 13.1 Nervoussystem,neurodegenerationand
10.3 Regenerationofteeth 190 regeneration(cid:1)anutshell 278
10.4 Regenerationofmuscles/tongue 194 13.2 Strategiesforneuralregenerationand
10.5 Regenerationofbone 195 repair 281
10.6 RegenerationofTMJ 196 13.3 Futureperspectives 285
10.7 Regenerationofsalivaryglands 196 References 285
10.8 Microgravity 197
10.9 Ethicalconsiderations 198
References 198
5
11. State-of-the-art strategies and
future interventions in bone and Respiratory Research
cartilage repair for personalized
14. Lung disease and repair (cid:1) Is
regenerative therapy
regeneration the answer?
YogendraPratapSingh,JosephChristakiranMoses,Ashutosh
Bandyopadhyay,BibritaBhar,BhaskarBirru,NandanaBhardwaj S.S.PradeepKumarandA.MayaNandkumar
andBimanB.Mandal
14.1 Embryonicdevelopment 293
11.1 Introduction 203 14.2 Stemcellsinthelung 294
11.2 State-of-the-artstrategiesfor 14.3 Epithelial(cid:1)mesenchymalinteractions 295
regeneration 205 14.4 Roleofmechanicalforcesinlung
11.3 Diseasemodels 223 architecture 296
11.4 Graftsubstitutes 229 14.5 Lungregenerationindisease 296
11.5 Clinicalstatus 232 14.6 Invivo(cid:1)Animalmodels 297
11.6 Conclusionandfutureperspectives 237 14.7 Invitromodels 297
Acknowledgment 239 14.8 Lung-on-achip(LOC)model 298
References 239 14.9 Threedimensionalprintingofthe
lung 299
12. Muscle tissue engineering (cid:1) A
14.10 Futureperspectiveslatest4D
materials perspective printing 299
Acknowledgments 299
JohnP.Bradford,GerardoHernandez-MorenoandVinoyThomas
Conflictofinterest 300
12.1 Introduction 249 References 300
12.2 Bio-interfacingmaterials 254 Furtherreading 301
viii Contents
6 16. Role of umbilical cord stem cells in
tissue engineering
Key Enabling Technologies for
MerlinRajeshLalandOormilaKovilam
Regenerative Medicine Future
16.1 UmbilicalcordandMSCs 332
Outlook and Conclusions
16.2 TransplantationbiologyofUCMSCs:
biomaterials,differentiationand
15. 3D printing in regenerative medicine
regeneration 332
AynurUnalandNidhiArora 16.3 Concernsandperspective 335
References 336
15.1 Introduction 305
15.2 Conclusions 326
Index 339
References 327
List of contributors
Devendra K. Agrawal Department of Thomas Chandy Phillips Medisize LLC,
TranslationalResearch,WesternUniversityof Hudson,WI,UnitedStates
HealthSciences,Pomona,CA,UnitedStates
Subrata K. Das Biomaterials and Tissue
Swati Agrawal Department of Surgery, Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical
Creighton University School of Medicine, ScienceandTechnology(SMST),IndianInstitute
Omaha,NE,UnitedStates ofTechnology(cid:1)Kharagpur,Kharagpur,India
NidhiArora SSInfotech,Indore,MP,India Santanu Dhara Biomaterials and Tissue
Ashutosh Bandyopadhyay Biomaterial and Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical
Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Science and Technology (SMST), Indian
BiosciencesandBioengineering,IndianInstitute Institute of Technology (cid:1) Kharagpur,
ofTechnologyGuwahati,Guwahati,India Kharagpur,India
BibritaBhar BiomaterialandTissueEngineering AbirDutta BiomaterialsandTissueEngineering
Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Laboratory, School of Medical Science and
Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Technology (SMST), Indian Institute of
Guwahati,Guwahati,India Technology(cid:1)Kharagpur,Kharagpur,India
Nandana Bhardwaj Department of PrachiHanwatkar RochesterGeneralHospital,
Biotechnology, National Institute of Rochester,NY,UnitedStates
Pharmaceutical Education and Research
Santanu Hati Department of Biomedical
Guwahati,Guwahati,India
Science, Creighton University School of
Bhaskar Birru Biomaterial and Tissue
Medicine,Omaha,NE,UnitedStates
Engineering Laboratory, Department of
Gerardo Hernandez-Moreno Polymers &
BiosciencesandBioengineering,IndianInstitute
ofTechnologyGuwahati,Guwahati,India Healthcare Materials/Devices, Department of
Materials Science & Engineering University
Hema Bora BiomaterialsandTissueEngineering
of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB),
Laboratory, School of Medical Science and
Birmingham,AL,UnitedStates
Technology (SMST), Indian Institute of
Technology(cid:1)Kharagpur,Kharagpur,India Maji Jose Department of Oral Pathology &
Microbiology, Yenepoya Dental College,
John P. Bradford Polymers & Healthcare
Yenepoya (Deemed to be University),
Materials/Devices, Department of Materials
Mangalore,India
Science&EngineeringUniversityofAlabama
Sanju P. Joy Neurology, National Institute of
at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL,
UnitedStates Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences, Bangalore,
India
Soumya K. Chandrasekhar Department of
Zoology, KKTM Government College, Pullut, Ajay Kashi Private Practice, Rochester, NY,
Calicut University, Kerala, India; Department UnitedStates
of Zoology, Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Oormila Kovilam St Joseph’s Hospital,
CalicutUniversity,Kerala,India Indiana,UnitedStates
ix
x Listofcontributors
Merlin Rajesh Lal LifeCell International (Pvt) Vikrant Rai Department of Biomedical
Ltd,Chennai,India Science, Creighton University School of
Biman B. Mandal Biomaterial and Tissue Medicine,Omaha,NE,UnitedStates
Engineering Laboratory, Department of Vrinda Rajagopal Department of
Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Biochemistry, University of Kerala,
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Karyavattom,India
India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Ragavi Rajasekaran Biomaterials and Tissue
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical
India Science and Technology (SMST), Indian
A. Maya Nandkumar Division of Microbial Institute of Technology (cid:1) Kharagpur,
Technology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Kharagpur,India
Medical Sciences & Technology Greeshma Ratheesh Institute of Health and
Thiruvananthapuram,India Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University
Joseph Christakiran Moses Biomaterial and ofTechnology,Brisbane,QLD,Australia
Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department Preetam Guha Ray Biomaterials and Tissue
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Science and Technology (SMST), Indian
India Institute of Technology (cid:1) Kharagpur,
Raghav A. Murthy Department of Kharagpur,India
Cardiovascular Surgery, Icahn School of
Trina Roy Biomaterials and Tissue
Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical
UnitedStates
Science and Technology (SMST), Indian
PrabhaD.Nair DivisionofTissueEngineering Institute of Technology (cid:1) Kharagpur,
and Regeneration Technologies, Biomedical Kharagpur,India
Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal
Baisakhee Saha Biomaterials and Tissue
Institute for Medical Sciences and
Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical
Technology (SCTIMST), Poojapura,
Science and Technology (SMST), Indian
Thiruvananthapuram,India Institute of Technology (cid:1) Kharagpur,
Joshi C. Ouseph Department of Zoology, Kharagpur,India
Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Calicut
AdityaSengupta DepartmentofCardiovascular
University,Kerala,India
Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount
Willi Paul Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Sinai,NewYork,NY,UnitedStates
Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences
Chandra P. Sharma Biomedical Technology
&Technology,Thiruvananthapuram,India
Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for
S.S. Pradeep Kumar Division of Microbial Medical Sciences & Technology,
Technology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Thiruvananthapuram,India
Medical Sciences & Technology
Yogendra Pratap Singh BiomaterialandTissue
Thiruvananthapuram,India
Engineering Laboratory, Department of
Anitha Radhakrishnan Research and BiosciencesandBioengineering,IndianInstitute
Development Department, Pharmaceutical ofTechnologyGuwahati,Guwahati,India
Corporation (Indian Medicine), Thrissur,
V.P. Sivadas Division of Tissue Engineering
India
and Regeneration Technologies, Biomedical
D.P. Rahul Department of Orthodontics and Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal
Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Institute for Medical Sciences and
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Technology (SCTIMST), Poojapura,
InstituteofMedicalSciences,Kochi,India Thiruvananthapuram,India
Listofcontributors xi
Prashant Sonar School of Chemistry and Aynur Unal Digital Monzoukuri, Palo Alto,
Physics, Queensland University of CA,UnitedStates
Technology,Brisbane,QLD,Australia Cedryck Vaquette School of Dentistry, The
Sreekanth Sreekumaran Department of University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD,
Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Australia
Thiruvananthapuram,India Yin Xiao Institute of Health and Biomedical
Finosh G. Thankam Department of Innovation, Queensland University of
TranslationalResearch,WesternUniversityof Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;
HealthSciences,Pomona,CA,UnitedStates Australia-China Centre for Tissue
Vinoy Thomas Polymers & Healthcare Engineering and Regenerative Medicine,
Materials/Devices, Department of Materials Centre for Biomedical Technologies,
Queensland University of Technology,
Science&EngineeringUniversityofAlabama
Brisbane,QLD,Australia
at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL,
UnitedStates