Table Of ContentOF
REDISCOVERY CALLIRHOE
PAPAVER (MALVACEAE) ALABAMA
IN
(U.S.A.)
Brian Keener
R. Davenport
LJ.
&
Dept, ofBiological Environmental Sciences &
Dept, ofBiological Environmental
Science
The University of West Alabama
Samford
University
Alabama
Livingston, 35470,
U.S.A. Birmingham, Alabama U.SA
35229,
ABSTRACT
RESUMEN
The woodland
poppy-mallow, G
Callirhoe papaver (Cav.) A.
eastern Coastal Plain from Georgia and west
Florida, to easl
southwestern
Georgia, northern Alabama, and Mis
Florida,
of the Mississippi River (Dorr 1990). In Mississippi and Alabama, it has been specifically attributed to the Pine
Hills or Lower Pine Region in the southern portions of both states (Mohr 1901; Dorr 1990).
In a recent treatment of the Alabama vascular flora (Krai et al. 2011), Callirhoe papaver was treated as
historic” or not collected in over 100 years and was mistakenly omitted from the latest inventory of rare,
threatened, and endangered species (ALNHP 2012). The 2012 rediscovery of C. papaver in Washington Coun-
Alabama,
ty,
reported
here, is thus significant.
HISTORICAL SPECIMENS
Charles Mohr
monumental Alabama (Mohr
(1824-1901), in his Plant 1901), listed Callirhoe papaver only
Life of
from
Healing
Springs in northern Washington County. His citation “Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr” was based
on
a single (UNA made
collection 10851; Fig. that he inJuly, 1873. “Herb. Geol. Surv.” refers to the collection
1)
Mohr
that made for the Geological Survey of Alabama upon which his book was based (Davenport 1978,
1979a,
1979b). That collection of over 4000 specimens, long maintained separately as the herbarium of the Ala-
bama
Museum
now Alabama
of Natural History (ALU), incorporated into the University of Herbarium
is
(UNA).
The ALU
was when Eugene Allen Smith (1841-1927), long-time Alabama
collection started in late 1878,
State
Geologist (see Henderson asked Mohr for help with his plant identifications. (Mohr’s polite accep-
2011),
tence
(Mohr Alabama
1878] of Smith’s request housed in the University of Special Collections.) Their col-
is
•aboration
soon Growing Without
led to the privately published Preliminary List of the Plants Cultivation in Ala-
bama
(Mohr
1880). In papaver was noted as occurring only in Washington County, with
that Callirhoe
list,
Mohr
M”)
as
(
its collector.
h» contrast, “Herb. Mohr” Mohr’s much larger personal herbarium, which he bequeathed to the
refers to
mithsonian
(Anonymous Two Alabama Callirhoe papaver specimens are currently
Institution (US) 1901).
Und
at US. The (US 774668; has two labels. The first, original label is affixed to the lower-left
first Fig. 2)
836 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas
7(2)
«».«»*>«.
|
i y
S<t/£
urn
Upr
'|
.
UNAOOOtqKi
Hb r]
,
comer;
it has a printed “Carl. Mohr” with the locality data and made
several sets of notes by Mohr, different
at
The
times. second label, placed in the
traditional lower-right comer, newer by Mohr, with
is a one, copied
“Woodensprings, Washington Co” and “Aug
1872.”
The
above
locality, subsequently recorded by Dorr who
(1990) as “Wooden Mohr,
Springs,” misspelled.
is
sought the healing powers
of mineral baths and more
healthful climates throughout (Davenport
his adult
life
was
1978, 1979a), most one
likely of the customers
first at a resort founded by William Wooten 1872 (Sulzby
in
along abranch of Santa Bogue Creek in northern
1960; Foscue That around 17 small springs
1989). resort, built
name
Washington County, Alabama, was perhaps known as “Wooten Springs” after the of its devel-
initially
more customers.
oper, then changed “Healing Springs” in order to attract
to
US
The second US specimen (US lacks important details. The label is a generic one used at
11818; Fig. 3)
and
during Thus, the species’ identification, locality, col-
the late 1800s and was probably placed ex postfacto.
Wm
name Mohr’s handwriting and not original notes by the col-
lector’s in
(“Mobile Harvey”) are clearly
Ala;
A on
kctor. recorded the label.
significant omission that no collection date is
is
Who was “Wm Harvey”? An 1871 Mobile city directory lists a William Harvey as a route agent for the
&
Mobile no such person listed in either the 1870 or 1880
Ohio Because is
Railroad (Ancestry.com 2011).
Commissioner
United Mobile. According to a U.S. of
in
States Censuses, Harvey must have only lived briefly
“package of plants collected near Mobile,
Agriculture department received a
Affairs report (Watts 1875), that
Alabama, package contained Harvey’s Callirhoe papaver
by Most that
Mr. William Harvey” during 1874. likely,
&
— which ran within 13 miles of
specimen Mobile Ohio Railroad line,
perhaps collected a stop along the
at
Healing
Springs.
US was during that decade that
Mohr probably know about Harvey’s collection at until the 1890s. It
didn’t
he US on occasions (Davenport 1978, 1979a).
worked several
on Alabama, and he visited
diligently his flora of
On Mohr
wrote
during one Harvey’s specimen to identify. the label,
of those he must have been given
visits,
Most he
specimen. importantly,
“Mobile” and not the actual location of the
to indicate the location
collector’s
Journal of the Botanical Research
Institute of Texas
7(2)
did not include Mobile County—which
lacks suitable calcareous habitat-as
a Callirhoe papaver locality in
Plant Alabama (Mohr
Life of 1901). In his monograph
later
of the genus. Dorr
(1990) attributed C. papaver to
Mobile County by
citing the Harvey specimen
without knowledge
of the specimen’s history outlined above.
REDISCOVERY
1
During
2012
a
botanical survey
of the -Limestone"
or
-Jackson Prairie* region of southwestern Alabam
collection of CtlflWioe papaver was made
by m
the first author in Washington County, The
locality is ca. 4.2
NNE
of HealmgAVoodenAVooten
Springs, the only
Alabama
‘original"
locality. This population contaii
approximately 40
individuals.
lhe V loca Was rev one
*lt^ isited year
j’° later. Callirhoe papaver and
associated species seemei
, \ n “
.
be
slightly delayed in flowering time horn
the previous '
year. Further
exploration in 2013 (Keene.
resulted in the discovery of an
additional
population
of 10 ENE
individual
2012
of the locality
:s
(Keener
etal. 7344).
Voucher ALABAMA. W
specimens: Washington N
Co.: 3.8 air mi of MiUr
ry, prairie of Brier Creek, 31.69025°N, 88.31505°W, 24 Jun 2012,
B.R. Keener 7344 with W.K. Webb (UWAL, SAMF, TROY, m
VDB); NE
4.3 air »i of Millry, along primitive private road ca. 1.6 mi E ofjet. with
Co. Rd. 45 (Mt. Carmel
Rd.), 31.67720°N,
88.26003°W, 21 jun 2013 Br
(UWAL).
TOe
sods of both
sites are clay with O
occasional thin areas of exposed limestone. The grow in
plants
allirhoe
sunor Jong
full the margin of woods
prairie dominated by
eastern
red-cedar
Ouniperus virginiana L.) (Fig.
'fl-
s
Associated
herbaceous
species
are Asclepias
viridis Walter, Echinacea purpurea Moe
boykinii
(L.) ench, Polygala
Nutt., P. violacea Aubl., Silphium
laevigatum Pursh, and
Tripsacum
dactyloides Unfo are
(L.) L. irtunately, the sites
dominated
by
the invasive cogon
grass, hnperata
cylindrica
(L.) Beauv.
P.
. .
In light of Callirhoe papaver being treated as “historic” and its “disappearance” from the Alabama flora
the early 1870s, the above collections are deemed noteworthy. While C. papa\er is seemingly a globally
since
secure taxon, it remains as one of Alabama’s rarest vascular plant species.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We
We thank Deborah Bell (US) and Steve Ginzbarg (UNA) for providing images of herbarium specimens.
We
greatly acknowledge the field assistance of Wayne Webb and Alvin Diamond. thank John Hall for image
We comments
editing assistance. also thank John Clark (UNA) and Larry Dorr (US) for insightful that im-
proved the manuscript.
REFERENCES
Alabama Natural History Program [ALNHP]. 201 2. Alabama inventory list; the rare, threatened, and endangered plants and
U.SA
animals of Alabama. Privately printed. Auburn, Alabama,
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Ancestry.com. 201 U.S. City Directories, 1821-1 989. http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?h=92601
1
.
irectories&indiv=try. Accessed 02 Sep 2012.
Davenport, LJ. 1979a. Charles Mohr and Plant Life of Alabama. Sida 8:1-13.
Mohr Alabama. Taxon 28:567-571
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Davenport, LJ. 1979b. Vascular plant type in
New
Mem. York Gard. 56:1-76.
Dorr, U. 1990. A revision of the North American genus Callirhoe (Malvaceae). Bot.
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